發(fā)布時間：2018-01-27 06:59

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水合肼 雙氧水 丁酮連氮 Aspen Plus 隔壁塔 反應(yīng)精餾塔　出處：《青島科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：水合肼是一種應(yīng)用非常廣泛的化學品,主要應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)藥行業(yè)、發(fā)泡劑、燃料和還原劑等方面。目前國內(nèi)的生產(chǎn)工藝比較落后,能量消耗較高,原料再利用率小,環(huán)境污染嚴重,原料轉(zhuǎn)化率低。而國外先進工藝對我國實行技術(shù)保密,使得國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)只能采用國外淘汰的技術(shù)�，F(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)水合肼的工藝中,最經(jīng)濟環(huán)保合理的工藝是雙氧水法。研究和優(yōu)化雙氧水法制肼工藝,對改變我國目前的水合肼市場現(xiàn)狀有重要意義。本文針對水合肼生產(chǎn)過程中的問題,對生產(chǎn)工藝進行研究和改進,用Aspen Plus模擬軟件對流程進行模擬優(yōu)化,確定工藝參數(shù),使工藝更加節(jié)能環(huán)保。(1)選擇合適的模型。根據(jù)工藝要求,經(jīng)過分析和物性回歸,選擇適用性極強、可計算液液分層物系的NRTL模型。經(jīng)驗證,模擬數(shù)據(jù)和實驗結(jié)果能夠較好地吻合,所選模型正確。(2)丁酮連氮合成工段的設(shè)計和優(yōu)化。經(jīng)過研究和模擬對比,氨氣的回收以及丁酮連氮的合成與提純采用常壓精餾的方式。(3)對分離方案進行優(yōu)化。在使用隔壁塔進行分離時,可以更好地移出雜質(zhì)并節(jié)省投資。從隔壁塔塔頂采出的雜質(zhì)和丁酮的摩爾比為0.0230.03,符合回收的標準。同時,優(yōu)化后冷凝器的能耗節(jié)省了24.5%,再沸器的能耗節(jié)省了20.6%,設(shè)備費用節(jié)省47.2%,操作費用節(jié)省22.8%,總費用節(jié)省24.6%。隔壁塔的主塔理論板數(shù)為42塊,副塔理論板數(shù)為14塊,進料位置為副塔第13塊板,回流比為7,操作壓力為0.101MPa。(4)丁酮連氮水解工段的設(shè)計和優(yōu)化。反應(yīng)精餾采用單股進料要比多股進料更為合理。本文的反應(yīng)精餾塔模型中,理論板數(shù)為25,進料位置為4,操作壓力為0.202MPa,n(水)：n(丁酮連氮)=9：1,丁酮連氮的轉(zhuǎn)化率達99.99%,塔釜肼的質(zhì)量分數(shù)為26.20%。反應(yīng)精餾塔塔頂采出的物流經(jīng)過相分器得到質(zhì)量分數(shù)為99.06%的丁酮,其中水的質(zhì)量分數(shù)接近0.94%,雜質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分數(shù)小于0.01%,因此得到丁酮可以回收再利用。雙氧水法生產(chǎn)水合肼是一種高效、環(huán)保、節(jié)能的工藝,研究丁酮連氮的合成、提純以及水解過程對雙氧水法的改進有重要的意義,同時也對國內(nèi)水合肼工業(yè)的發(fā)展起到一定的促進作用。
[Abstract]:Hydrazine hydrate is a widely used chemical, mainly used in agriculture, medicine, foaming agent, fuel and reductant. The utilization ratio of raw material is small, the environment pollution is serious, the conversion rate of raw material is low. The domestic production enterprises can only adopt the technology eliminated by foreign countries. The most economical and environmentally rational process for producing hydrazine hydrate is the hydrogen peroxide process. The research and optimization of hydrazine production process with hydrogen peroxide is carried out. It is of great significance to change the present market situation of hydrazine hydrate in China. This paper studies and improves the production process of hydrazine hydrate in view of the problems in the production process of hydrazine hydrate. Aspen Plus simulation software is used to simulate and optimize the process, to determine the process parameters, to make the process more energy saving and environmental protection. 1) to select the appropriate model. According to the process requirements, through analysis and physical property regression. The NRTL model of liquid-liquid stratification system can be calculated by selecting the NRTL model with strong applicability. It is verified that the simulation data and the experimental results are in good agreement with each other. The selected model is correct. 2) the design and optimization of butanone nitrogen synthesis section. Ammonia recovery and the synthesis and purification of butanone nitrogen were optimized by atmospheric distillation. The mole ratio of impurity and butanone extracted from the top of the next tower is 0.0230.03, which meets the standard of recovery. After optimization, the condenser energy consumption was saved 24. 5%, the reboiler energy consumption was 20. 6%, the equipment cost was saved 47. 2%, and the operating cost was 22.8%. The total cost saving is 24.6. the number of theoretical plates of the main tower is 42, the number of theoretical plates of the secondary tower is 14, the feed position is the 13th plate of the secondary tower, the return ratio is 7. The operating pressure is 0.101 MPA. 4) the design and optimization of the hydrolysis section of butanone continuous nitrogen. The single feed is more reasonable than the multiple feed in the reaction distillation. In the model of the reactive distillation column in this paper. The theoretical plate number is 25, the feed position is 4, and the operating pressure is 0.20MPA / n (water: n = 9: 1). The conversion rate of butanone to nitrogen reaches 99.99%. The mass fraction of hydrazine in tower is 26.20. The mass fraction of butanone is 99.06%, in which the mass fraction of water is close to 0.94%. The mass fraction of impurity is less than 0.01, so butanone can be recovered and reused. The production of hydrazine hydrate by hydrogen peroxide is an efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving process. The purification and hydrolysis process are of great significance to the improvement of hydrogen peroxide process, and also play a certain role in promoting the development of hydrazine hydrate industry in China.
【學位授予單位】：青島科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ226.52

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