突出效應(yīng)及其機(jī)制
[Abstract]:The salient effect assumes that life saving is a prominent feature in the selection of options under a task (of the two features of the life saved in the security project and the cost of money paid) and that it will be given greater weight than that under the matching task. This effect breaks the procedure invariance principle of rational decision theory, because the procedure invariance principle of rational decision theory holds that people's preference will not be changed by the change of induced procedure. This paper first tries to verify the existence of the outburst effect, and the experimental results show that the outburst effect does exist. The second purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanism of protruding effect. The experimental results in this paper support the hypothesis of Tversky (1988) on the mechanism of outburst effect. That is to say, people use more non-compensatory heuristic decision strategies (such as dictionary compilation strategies) under the selection task. These non-compensatory decision strategies require less cognitive resources and less cognitive computation. And it can provide a better reason for the decision, and in the matching task, people use more compensatory decision-making strategies, these compensatory decision-making strategies require people to make more quantitative reasoning. That is, one must consider the distance between the two features and the corresponding weights. Previous studies mainly infer the decision-making process from the results of decision-making. In the process of discussing the mechanism of prominent utility, this paper first uses process tracking technology to monitor the whole cognitive process from information acquisition to final judgment and decision making. From the point of view of decision-making process, the mechanism of protruding effect is investigated. This study is divided into two stages, each of which requires the participants to complete a task. In the first phase, two options were presented to the subjects, one of which had a missing numeric value, The missing values make the two options equally attractive (matching tasks). In the second stage, the subjects are asked to select one of the equally attractive options they match (select the task). The computer will automatically record what information the subjects looked at in the process of completing the matching task and selecting the task, the number and time of the information, and as a dependent variable to judge the decision strategy adopted by the subjects. The experimental results confirm our hypothesis that the salient effect is due to the different decision strategies used by the subjects in matching and selecting tasks. The compensatory decision strategy adopted by the subjects in the matching task and the non-compensatory decision strategy adopted by the subjects in the selection task.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:C934
【共引文獻(xiàn)】
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