【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的風(fēng)險決策研究范式往往考察被試對二擇一選項的（事件1和事件2）抉擇過程。而事實(shí)上對可能的選項（事件1和事件2）無需必?fù)衿湟�，可以選擇接受或者放棄兩種決策傾向。前者屬于擇優(yōu)決策，后者可稱為“接受或放棄”式?jīng)Q策。擇優(yōu)決策與“接受或放棄”決策是不同性質(zhì)的決策，因此它們之間的決策過程的神經(jīng)機(jī)制可能存在不同。本文運(yùn)用時間高分辨率ERP技術(shù)探索有無外在線索下人們在風(fēng)險情境中的“接受或者放棄”式?jīng)Q策的腦神經(jīng)機(jī)制。 研究一：考察“接受或放棄”決策傾向的作用機(jī)制，研究二：考察“輸或贏”決策評價的作用機(jī)制。本文章分別對研究一和研究二，同一實(shí)驗(yàn)過程的不同階段分為四個小實(shí)驗(yàn)：實(shí)驗(yàn)1有線索提示下風(fēng)險水平對決策傾向的作用機(jī)制；實(shí)驗(yàn)2無線索提示下風(fēng)險水平對決策傾向的作用機(jī)制；實(shí)驗(yàn)3有線索提示下風(fēng)險水平對決策評價的作用機(jī)制；實(shí)驗(yàn)4無線索提示下風(fēng)險水平對決策評價的作用機(jī)制。實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康目疾煊袩o線索提示下風(fēng)險水平對決策過程中與決策傾向有關(guān)的N1、P1成分和決策評價有關(guān)的FRN、N1、P3成分下的平均波幅差異。 結(jié)果顯示，與決策傾向相關(guān)的成分N1、P1，是線索有效性的指標(biāo)，同時與非空間注意指向有關(guān)。根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)1和實(shí)驗(yàn)2中N1、P1波幅在有線索提示條件下風(fēng)險水平對決策傾向作用間的主效應(yīng)差異最顯著，在無線索提示下不顯著。其主要激活的腦區(qū)有額區(qū)、中央?yún)^(qū)、顳區(qū)、枕區(qū)部位。與決策評價有關(guān)的FRN、N1、P3成分波幅在無線索各條件下的主效應(yīng)均顯著，在有條件下不顯著。說明FRN、N1、P3成分與內(nèi)在的線索、概率、決策評價反饋、注意、記憶等因素有關(guān)。主要激活的腦區(qū)有額葉、中央?yún)^(qū)和頂區(qū)，，其決策評價間的沖突機(jī)制顯著，與外在線索效應(yīng)之間沒有關(guān)系，說明FRN、N1、P3屬于心理內(nèi)源成分。
[Abstract]:The traditional research paradigm of risk decision often looks at the process of choosing between the two options (event 1 and event 2). In fact, for the possible options (event 1 and event 2), there is no need to choose between them. The former belongs to preferential decision, while the latter can be called "accept or abandon" decision. The optimal decision and the decision to accept or give up are different in nature, so the neural mechanism of the decision-making process may be different between them. In this paper, the time-high-resolution ERP technique is used to explore the brain neural mechanism of "accepting or abandoning" decision in the risk context with or without external clues. The first is to investigate the mechanism of acceptance or abandonment of decision-making tendency, and the other is to study the mechanism of decision evaluation of "lose or win". In this paper, we divide the different stages of the same experimental process into four small experiments: experiment 1 shows the mechanism of risk level acting on decision-making tendency; In experiment 2, the mechanism of risk level acting on decision making tendency without clues; in experiment 3, the action mechanism of risk level on decision evaluation; and in experiment 4, the action mechanism of risk level on decision evaluation without clue. Objective to investigate the difference of average amplitude between risk level and FRN,N1,P3 component related to decision-making tendency and decision evaluation in the decision-making process under the cues or not. The results showed that the component N _ (1) N _ (1) P _ (1), which was related to the decision-making tendency, was an indicator of cue-effectiveness and related to the non-spatial attention direction. According to experiment 1 and experiment 2, the main effects of risk level on decision-making tendency were most significant under the condition of cues, but not significant without cues. The main active brain regions are frontal, central, temporal and occipital regions. The amplitudes of FRN,N1,P3 components related to decision evaluation are significant under all conditions without clues, but not significant under conditions. It shows that the FRN,N1,P3 component is related to internal clues, probability, decision evaluation feedback, attention, memory and so on. The main activated brain regions were frontal lobe, central region and parietal region. The conflict mechanism between decision and evaluation was significant, and there was no relationship between the effect of external cues, indicating that FRN,N1,P3 belongs to the psychological endogenous component.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：C934

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本文編號：2210604