新疆財政科技投入及其經濟效應研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-26 19:19
【摘要】：財政科技支出是指政府借助財政手段、政策手段、行政手段、國貿手段等重新整合社會稀缺科技資源，對科技活動中所需要的所有人力、資金、政策等其他因素的支持和供給�？茖W技術投入的效應是多面的，尤其在經濟發(fā)展和社會進步上有卓越貢獻。科學技術的經濟效應表現(xiàn)不同于其他資本投入，其本身的轉化性和促進性往往不能在短期體現(xiàn)，而且體現(xiàn)的結果會高于預期；其社會效應表現(xiàn)在豐富人際交流模式、推動高新產品研發(fā)、提高國際聲譽等方面。所以政府對科學技術的投入是必不可少的，對地區(qū)發(fā)展有著重要意義。 新疆地處我國西北邊陲，是一個少數(shù)民族人口占多數(shù)的欠發(fā)達地區(qū)。科學技術的發(fā)展在這樣一個地區(qū)顯得尤為重要，它是新疆經濟發(fā)展、人民生活水平進步的重要保障；也是利用“后發(fā)優(yōu)勢”理論進行跨越式發(fā)展的有效利器。因此，研究新疆財政科技支出及其經濟影響效應，對新疆經濟發(fā)展和社會進步有著重要意義。 本文運用公共物品理論、財政科技效應、內生增長理論以及后發(fā)優(yōu)勢理論作為理論依據(jù)。首先通過分析科技產品本身的公共性來說明政府參與科技活動的必要性；其次通過考量財政科技投入與產出帶來的效應來說明政府在科技活動中的投入是可以換取高額的產出的，因此政府必須扮演科技活動中的主導者；再次內生增長理論證明經濟的增長是有其內在生長因素的，這一因素就是科技活動，因此政府支持科技發(fā)展順應當前經濟形勢。同時也只有大力發(fā)展科技活動，才不會被當前高科技發(fā)展的經濟浪潮所擊垮；最后結合新疆本身情況，對于現(xiàn)在較為落后的現(xiàn)狀下，可以運用后發(fā)優(yōu)勢理論，通過借鑒其他國家和其他省市的優(yōu)秀技術和成果進行發(fā)展，從而節(jié)約新疆本地區(qū)的研發(fā)資本和時間，，形成高速高效的發(fā)展模式。 本文采用實證研究的方法，在分析新疆財政科技支出發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及其全國層面對比的基礎上，利用統(tǒng)計年鑒上的數(shù)據(jù)，通過Eviews軟件對新疆財政支出與經濟增長的關系進行長期、短期的分析。之后具體按新疆各地州進行劃分，運用平行面板數(shù)據(jù)(panel-data)的基本理論，分析其財政科技支出與經濟增長的關系。最后運用DEA模型對新疆財政科技支出的績效進行分析考量。 本文共分六個部分。第一部分為緒論，主要闡述論文選題的背景、意義、研究思路及文獻綜述。第二部分對其主要理論進行論述，主要包括財政科技的效應理論、市場失靈理論及后發(fā)優(yōu)勢理論。第三部分對新疆財政科技支出的規(guī)模現(xiàn)狀進行分析。第四部分利用計量經濟學模型分別研究全疆總計及各地州財政科技支出與經濟增長的關系。第五部分利用DEA模型對新疆財政科技支出的投入產出做績效評價。第六部分為本文主要結論及進一步完善財政科技支出的相關政策建議。
[Abstract]:Fiscal expenditure on science and technology refers to the government's support and supply of all the manpower, funds, policies and other factors needed in the activities of science and technology by means of financial means, policy means, administrative means, international trade means and so on, to reintegrate the scarce scientific and technological resources of society. The effects of science and technology investment are manifold, especially in economic development and social progress. The economic effect of science and technology is different from other capital investment, its transformation and promotion can not be reflected in the short term, and the results will be higher than expected; Its social effect is to enrich the interpersonal communication mode, promote the research and development of high-tech products and improve the international reputation. Therefore, the government's investment in science and technology is essential and has important significance for regional development. Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of China, is an underdeveloped region with minority population. The development of science and technology is particularly important in such a region. It is an important guarantee for Xinjiang's economic development and the progress of people's living standards, and is also an effective weapon for making use of the theory of "late-development advantage" to carry out leap-forward development. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the economic development and social progress of Xinjiang. This paper uses the theory of public goods, financial science and technology effect, endogenous growth theory and the theory of late-development advantage as the theoretical basis. Firstly, the necessity of government participation in science and technology activities is explained by analyzing the publicity of science and technology products themselves. Secondly, by considering the effects of financial input and output of science and technology, the government must play the leading role in science and technology activities. Thirdly, the theory of endogenous growth proves that the growth of economy has its own internal growth factor, which is the activity of science and technology, so the government supports the development of science and technology to conform to the current economic situation. At the same time, only by vigorously developing scientific and technological activities, can we not be defeated by the current economic wave of high-tech development; Finally, in light of Xinjiang's own situation, under the relatively backward present situation, we can use the theory of late-development advantage to develop by learning from the excellent technologies and achievements of other countries and other provinces and cities. In order to save the development capital and time of Xinjiang, the formation of high-speed and efficient development model. Based on the analysis of the current situation of fiscal and scientific expenditure in Xinjiang and the comparison of its national level, this paper uses the data from the statistical yearbook to analyze the relationship between fiscal expenditure and economic growth in Xinjiang for a long time through Eviews software. A short-term analysis. Then, according to the basic theory of parallel panel data (panel-data), the paper analyzes the relationship between the expenditure of science and technology and the economic growth. Finally, DEA model is used to analyze the performance of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, which mainly describes the background, significance, research ideas and literature review. The second part discusses its main theories, including the effect theory of financial science and technology, the theory of market failure and the theory of late-development advantage. The third part analyzes the scale of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. In the fourth part, econometrics model is used to study the relationship between the total amount of Xinjiang and the financial expenditure of science and technology and economic growth. The fifth part uses DEA model to evaluate the input-output performance of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. The sixth part is the main conclusion of this paper and the further improvement of fiscal science and technology expenditure related policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：新疆財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45
本文編號：2392569
[Abstract]:Fiscal expenditure on science and technology refers to the government's support and supply of all the manpower, funds, policies and other factors needed in the activities of science and technology by means of financial means, policy means, administrative means, international trade means and so on, to reintegrate the scarce scientific and technological resources of society. The effects of science and technology investment are manifold, especially in economic development and social progress. The economic effect of science and technology is different from other capital investment, its transformation and promotion can not be reflected in the short term, and the results will be higher than expected; Its social effect is to enrich the interpersonal communication mode, promote the research and development of high-tech products and improve the international reputation. Therefore, the government's investment in science and technology is essential and has important significance for regional development. Xinjiang is located in the northwest border of China, is an underdeveloped region with minority population. The development of science and technology is particularly important in such a region. It is an important guarantee for Xinjiang's economic development and the progress of people's living standards, and is also an effective weapon for making use of the theory of "late-development advantage" to carry out leap-forward development. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the economic development and social progress of Xinjiang. This paper uses the theory of public goods, financial science and technology effect, endogenous growth theory and the theory of late-development advantage as the theoretical basis. Firstly, the necessity of government participation in science and technology activities is explained by analyzing the publicity of science and technology products themselves. Secondly, by considering the effects of financial input and output of science and technology, the government must play the leading role in science and technology activities. Thirdly, the theory of endogenous growth proves that the growth of economy has its own internal growth factor, which is the activity of science and technology, so the government supports the development of science and technology to conform to the current economic situation. At the same time, only by vigorously developing scientific and technological activities, can we not be defeated by the current economic wave of high-tech development; Finally, in light of Xinjiang's own situation, under the relatively backward present situation, we can use the theory of late-development advantage to develop by learning from the excellent technologies and achievements of other countries and other provinces and cities. In order to save the development capital and time of Xinjiang, the formation of high-speed and efficient development model. Based on the analysis of the current situation of fiscal and scientific expenditure in Xinjiang and the comparison of its national level, this paper uses the data from the statistical yearbook to analyze the relationship between fiscal expenditure and economic growth in Xinjiang for a long time through Eviews software. A short-term analysis. Then, according to the basic theory of parallel panel data (panel-data), the paper analyzes the relationship between the expenditure of science and technology and the economic growth. Finally, DEA model is used to analyze the performance of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction, which mainly describes the background, significance, research ideas and literature review. The second part discusses its main theories, including the effect theory of financial science and technology, the theory of market failure and the theory of late-development advantage. The third part analyzes the scale of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. In the fourth part, econometrics model is used to study the relationship between the total amount of Xinjiang and the financial expenditure of science and technology and economic growth. The fifth part uses DEA model to evaluate the input-output performance of Xinjiang fiscal science and technology expenditure. The sixth part is the main conclusion of this paper and the further improvement of fiscal science and technology expenditure related policy recommendations.
【學位授予單位】：新疆財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45
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