本文選題：政府采購(gòu) + 招標(biāo)投標(biāo)　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國(guó),政府的采購(gòu)試點(diǎn)工作正式始于1996年,到目前也已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了近二十個(gè)年頭。就在2003年,政府官方頒布實(shí)施了《中華人民共和國(guó)政府采購(gòu)法》,這對(duì)于我國(guó)政府采購(gòu)工作具有里程碑式的意義,因?yàn)樗贾袊?guó)的政府內(nèi)采購(gòu)工作進(jìn)入了有法可依的制度化時(shí)代。隨著中國(guó)政府的采購(gòu)制度的逐步推行,在市場(chǎng)和社會(huì)兩個(gè)層面的效益方面,取得了可喜的成績(jī)。雖然中國(guó)在推動(dòng)政府采購(gòu)健康發(fā)展方面做了大量的工作,然而仍然存在著一系列的問題和不足,監(jiān)督機(jī)制的缺乏又是其中的重中之重。為了進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)政府采購(gòu)公開、公正、公平,提高政府采購(gòu)?fù)该鞫?打造“陽(yáng)光政府”,深化公共財(cái)政制度改革,研究政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督機(jī)制,對(duì)政府部門的采購(gòu)法律及相關(guān)規(guī)定予以完善,確保政府采購(gòu)活動(dòng)控制在相關(guān)法律法規(guī)界定的范圍內(nèi),保障政府采購(gòu)活動(dòng)有序開展,實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家效益和社會(huì)效益的最大化,促進(jìn)中國(guó)政府采購(gòu)健康發(fā)展。本人在蘇州市吳江區(qū)政府采購(gòu)中心工作,希望通過(guò)這次的研究探討能夠找出蘇州市吳江區(qū)在開展政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督工作時(shí)存在的突出問題所在,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)此課題面臨的一些突出問題,提出用于強(qiáng)化政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督機(jī)制的有效策略,從而使該地區(qū)的人民政府采購(gòu)工作逐漸走向健康化,正�；�,有序化的發(fā)展道路。 在政府采購(gòu)中,監(jiān)督機(jī)制一直以來(lái)都是作為其中比較重要的一個(gè)組成成分,并且在實(shí)際的采購(gòu)工作中扮演著比較重要的角色。而且,為了使政府采購(gòu)工作越來(lái)越規(guī)范,我們必須要對(duì)此工作的監(jiān)督機(jī)制加以完善,這不僅僅是執(zhí)政為民的具體體現(xiàn),也是使此工作在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下得到持續(xù),健康,快速發(fā)展的必由之路。開展對(duì)本課題的研究工作是有極其重要的意義的,其一是使我國(guó)在政府采購(gòu)方面的法律法規(guī)中的漏洞能夠得以完善,形成一整套的政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督機(jī)制,全面監(jiān)管政府采購(gòu)工作,從而充分發(fā)揮政府采購(gòu)宏觀調(diào)控作用,形成公平、規(guī)范、有序的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境,彌補(bǔ)市場(chǎng)機(jī)制缺陷,促進(jìn)市場(chǎng)資源優(yōu)化配置。二是完善政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督機(jī)制能夠有效地增加行賄者和受惠者的犯罪難度和成本,從而壓縮了濫用行政權(quán)力、尋租腐敗、侵害供應(yīng)商權(quán)益等行為的生存空間,保障政府采購(gòu)在合法合理的區(qū)間內(nèi)健康運(yùn)行。 基于公共支出管理理論、政府干預(yù)理論、尋租理論和委托代理理論,結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外比較,以吳江區(qū)為個(gè)案,梳理、總結(jié)了中國(guó)政府采購(gòu)過(guò)程及其各環(huán)節(jié)運(yùn)行中監(jiān)督機(jī)制的特點(diǎn)和問題。就吳江區(qū)情況來(lái)看政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督機(jī)制存在的問題主要有：法律依據(jù)不充分,評(píng)審專家自由裁量權(quán)大,供應(yīng)商之間存在串標(biāo)陪標(biāo),缺少專業(yè)人才及供應(yīng)商質(zhì)疑不規(guī)范。造成這些問題的原因大體包括：政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督的法律法規(guī)不健全,管理與操作職能并未完全分離,政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督權(quán)力的行使不夠充分,作為政府的采購(gòu)預(yù)算尤其是在監(jiān)管方面尚不夠健全,招投標(biāo)機(jī)制有待加強(qiáng),采購(gòu)物品的供貨商供應(yīng)商對(duì)待程序監(jiān)督還不信任,,專業(yè)政府的采購(gòu)人才匱乏。在充分參閱發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家政府在采購(gòu)監(jiān)督方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,可以得到如下幾個(gè)方面的建議用以補(bǔ)充修繕我國(guó)的采購(gòu)監(jiān)督制度的不足：第一,完善政府采購(gòu)各項(xiàng)新法規(guī)、新制度并形成系統(tǒng)化體系,第二,分離管理的智能和操作職能,第三,加強(qiáng)對(duì)各監(jiān)督機(jī)關(guān)的權(quán)利監(jiān)管,第四,加強(qiáng)政府采購(gòu)預(yù)算的監(jiān)督,第五,健全招投標(biāo)機(jī)制,第六,完善政府采購(gòu)監(jiān)督救濟(jì)機(jī)制,第七,加強(qiáng)主管采購(gòu)人員的素質(zhì)建設(shè),第八,建立電子政府采購(gòu)。
[Abstract]:In China, the government procurement pilot work started officially in 1996 and has also appeared for nearly twenty years. In 2003, the government promulgated and implemented the "People's Republic of China government procurement law", which has a milestone significance for the government procurement work in China, because it announces the entry of Chinese government procurement. With the gradual implementation of the Chinese government's procurement system, with the gradual implementation of the Chinese government procurement system, great achievements have been made in the two levels of market and society. Although China has done a lot of work in promoting the healthy development of government procurement, there are still a series of problems and deficiencies, and the lack of supervision mechanism. In order to further promote public, fair and fair government procurement, improve the transparency of government procurement, create a "sunshine government", deepen the reform of public finance system, study the supervision mechanism of government procurement, improve the procurement law and relevant regulations of government departments, and ensure the control of government procurement activities in the relevant laws. Within the scope of the law, the government procurement activities are guaranteed to be carried out in order to maximize the national and social benefits and promote the healthy development of the Chinese government procurement. I work in the Wujiang district government procurement center in Suzhou. I hope that through this study, the government procurement supervision in Wujiang District of Suzhou city can be found. On the basis of this, on this basis, we put forward some effective strategies to strengthen the supervision mechanism of government procurement, and make the purchasing work of the people's Government in the region gradually towards a healthy, normal and orderly way of development.
In government procurement, the supervision mechanism has always been one of the most important components, and plays a more important role in the actual procurement work. In order to make the government procurement work more and more standardized, we must improve the supervision mechanism of this work, which is not just for the government for the people. It is also the only way to make the work sustained, healthy and rapid development under the market economy. It is of great significance to carry out the research work on this subject. One is that the loopholes in the laws and regulations of government procurement in our country can be finished, and a complete set of government procurement supervision mechanism is formed. Supervision of government procurement, so as to give full play to the macro-control role of government procurement, form a fair, standardized and orderly market environment, make up for the defects of the market mechanism and promote the optimal allocation of market resources. Two, the improvement of the government procurement supervision mechanism can effectively increase the difficulty and cost of the crime of briber and beneficiary, thus compressing the abuse of the bank. Government power, rent seeking corruption, infringement of supplier's rights and interests and other living spaces ensure the healthy operation of government procurement in a reasonable and reasonable range.
Based on the theory of public expenditure management, the theory of government intervention, the theory of rent-seeking and the theory of principal-agent, the characteristics and problems of the supervision mechanism in the process of government procurement and the operation of various links in Wujiang are summarized. The main problems of the government procurement supervision mechanism are as follows: in Wujiang District, the main problems are as follows: The legal basis of the legal basis is not sufficient, the judge's discretion is large, the supplier has the standard of conspiracy between the suppliers and the lack of professional personnel and suppliers. The reasons for these problems include: the laws and regulations of government procurement supervision are not sound, the management and operation functions are not completely separated, and the exercise of government procurement supervision power is not enough to be exercised. Fully, as the government procurement budget is not sound, especially in the supervision, the bidding mechanism needs to be strengthened, the suppliers of purchasing goods are not trusted with the procedure supervision, and the professional government's purchasing talent is scarce. On the basis of fully reading the experience of the developed countries in purchasing supervision, we can get the following Suggestions are used to supplement the deficiencies of our country's procurement supervision system: first, improve the new regulations of government procurement, the new system and the formation of a systematic system, second, the intelligence and operation functions of the separation management, third, strengthen the supervision of the rights of the various supervisory organs, fourth, strengthen the supervision of the government procurement budget, fifth, sound recruitment. Sixth, improve the supervision and relief mechanism of government procurement; seventhly, strengthen the quality of procurement personnel; eighthly, establish e-government procurement.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F812.45

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