【摘要】：食品安全問題一直以來都是人們關注的焦點。它不僅直接關系著人們的身體健康和生命安全,也關系著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定。在社會發(fā)展初期,糧食供應安全被認為是食品安全的主要內(nèi)容,然而隨著社會經(jīng)濟日益發(fā)展,人們對食品的要求從單純的數(shù)量要求漸漸轉變?yōu)閷κ称焚|量、營養(yǎng)及可持續(xù)性的要求,對肉制品的需求也不斷地增加。然而近年來,我國肉制品安全事件頻繁發(fā)生,如雙匯“瘦肉精”事件,直接影響了人們的身體健康和消費信心,對整個食品行業(yè)信譽造成不良影響,同時也使公眾對食品安全的政府監(jiān)管產(chǎn)生了質疑。我國作為當今世界上最大的肉制品生產(chǎn)國和消費國,確保肉制品安全尤為重要。因此,需要更快的建立和完善肉制品安全監(jiān)管體系。 國內(nèi)外學者針對食品安全問題進行了很多研究,但在肉制品安全監(jiān)管方面的研究多集中于肉制品檢驗檢測、質量控制等技術研究,從制度層面對肉制品安全監(jiān)管體系的研究相對較少。針對我國肉制品安全事件頻發(fā),肉制品安全監(jiān)管體系不健全的情況,如何建立和完善健全的肉制品監(jiān)管體系具有理論意義。盡管,目前全世界都在提倡“從農(nóng)田到餐桌”的全過程監(jiān)管,但基于我國目前分段監(jiān)管模式的實際情況,且在短時間內(nèi)徹底轉變監(jiān)管模式的困難性,研究肉制品生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)的安全監(jiān)管對提高監(jiān)管效力仍有實際意義。 本文梳理了中國、美國肉制品生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管主體、監(jiān)管法律以及監(jiān)管環(huán)境三個方面,以美國肉制品生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體系為參照,運用行政學,管理學學科的基本知識,通過對比分析的方法,分析了中美兩國肉制品生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管體系存在的異同。根據(jù)我國肉制品生產(chǎn)安全監(jiān)管體系的實際情況,闡述了肉制品生產(chǎn)安全政府監(jiān)管的重要意義；從肉制品生產(chǎn)安全監(jiān)管主體及其運行機制、肉制品生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管法律、肉制品生產(chǎn)安全監(jiān)管環(huán)境三方面,分析美國與我國肉制品生產(chǎn)安全政府監(jiān)管的相同點與差異性；通過對美國肉制品生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管的成功經(jīng)驗的分析總結,提出對中國肉制品生產(chǎn)安全監(jiān)管方式的改革建議：轉變政府角色,積極發(fā)揮非政府主體的第三方監(jiān)管力量；健全肉制品生產(chǎn)安全法律體系；加大肉制品等食品安全知識的普及和教育力度,完善信息服務網(wǎng)絡等。
[Abstract]:Food safety has always been the focus of attention. It is not only directly related to people's health and life safety, but also related to economic development and social stability. In the early stage of social development, food supply security was regarded as the main content of food safety. However, with the development of social economy, people's demand for food gradually changed from simple quantity requirement to food quality. The demand for nutrition and sustainability is also increasing. However, in recent years, there have been frequent incidents of meat safety in China, such as the "lean meat essence" incident in Shuanghui, which directly affects people's physical health and consumer confidence, and has a negative impact on the credibility of the entire food industry. It also raises questions about government regulation of food safety. As the largest producer and consumer of meat products in the world, it is very important to ensure the safety of meat products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and improve the safety supervision system of meat products more quickly. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on food safety, but the research on meat safety supervision is mainly focused on the inspection and inspection of meat products, quality control and other technical research. There are few researches on the safety supervision system of meat products from the system level. In view of the frequent occurrence of meat products safety incidents and the imperfect supervision system of meat products, how to establish and perfect the meat products supervision system is of theoretical significance. Although the whole process of supervision from farmland to table is being advocated all over the world at present, based on the actual situation of the present piecewise supervision model in our country, and the difficulty of completely changing the regulatory model in a short time, The research on the safety supervision of meat production is still of practical significance to improve the effectiveness of supervision. This paper combs the three aspects of Chinese and American meat production supervision subjects, supervision law and regulatory environment, referring to the American meat production supervision system, using the basic knowledge of administration and management science. By means of comparative analysis, the similarities and differences between Chinese and American meat production supervision systems are analyzed. According to the actual situation of China's meat production safety supervision system, the importance of government supervision on meat production safety is expounded. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the United States and China in the government supervision of meat production safety from three aspects: the main body and the operating mechanism of the safety supervision of meat production, the law of the supervision of the production of meat products, and the regulatory environment of the production safety of meat products. Based on the analysis and summary of the successful experience of American meat production supervision, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the reform of Chinese meat production safety supervision: changing the role of the government and giving full play to the third party supervision power of the non-government main body; Improve the legal system of meat production safety; increase the popularization and education of meat products and other food safety knowledge; improve the network of information services.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F203;F426.82

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