家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-21 06:54
【摘要】：技術(shù)進步是經(jīng)濟增長的根本動力，而技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是實現(xiàn)技術(shù)進步的關(guān)鍵因素。我國家電行業(yè)經(jīng)過近三十年的發(fā)展，整體走向日趨成熟，并創(chuàng)造出一批具有較強國際競爭力、較高營銷水平和品牌知名度的家電企業(yè)。然而，我國并不是家電制造強國，核心技術(shù)的缺乏使我國家電制造業(yè)一直尷尬地處于世界家電產(chǎn)業(yè)價值鏈的最低端。在競爭激烈的市場條件下，雖然我國一些家電企業(yè)逐漸意識到技術(shù)創(chuàng)新對于取得市場競爭優(yōu)勢的決定性作用，并開始不斷加大創(chuàng)新資源的投入，具備了一定的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力，但是部分投入并沒有得到充分有效利用，家電企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率很低。為了適應(yīng)知識經(jīng)濟時代對企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的新要求，以勞動密集型為主的家電企業(yè)需要向技術(shù)密集型甚至高技術(shù)企業(yè)類型轉(zhuǎn)變。因此，在家電企業(yè)創(chuàng)新資源短缺和面臨轉(zhuǎn)型的大背景下，如何提高家電企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率，增強家電企業(yè)國際競爭力，促使我國由家電生產(chǎn)大國向創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動的家電生產(chǎn)強國轉(zhuǎn)變，已成為當(dāng)前迫切需要研究的重要課題。 論文首先回顧總結(jié)了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新及效率理論和方法的研究成果，在此基礎(chǔ)上全面分析了我國家電企業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新現(xiàn)狀，并與世界知名領(lǐng)先家電企業(yè)集團進行了對比分析，找出我國家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新存在的不足。其次，結(jié)合我國家電企業(yè)的行業(yè)特征，構(gòu)建家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率評價指標(biāo)體系。運用DEA非參數(shù)方法從靜態(tài)角度對2012年10家上市家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率進行橫向比較，并依據(jù)家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率可能的影響因素將家電企業(yè)進行分組，考察了節(jié)能惠民補貼政策對樣本企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的影響。然后，利用基于DEA的Malmquist指數(shù)方法從動態(tài)角度全面評價了2009-2012年間10家上市家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的變化趨勢，并從中分解出技術(shù)進步和技術(shù)效率變化對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率變化的影響。最后，針對家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率存在的問題提出了對策建議。 論文研究得出了以下幾點結(jié)論：（1）2012年家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率整體不高，，造成效率走低的原因主要是純技術(shù)無效率；（2）家電企業(yè)尚未形成規(guī)模優(yōu)勢；（3）家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動存在著一定程度上投入冗余現(xiàn)象；（4）節(jié)能補貼惠民工程對家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的提升具有促進作用；（5）2009-2012年間，以上市公司為代表的我國家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率并沒有提高，而是以年均1.1%的速度在下降，技術(shù)進步指數(shù)也沒有改進，年均下降15.4%，而技術(shù)效率年均增長16.9%；（6）2009-2012年間，家電企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的提升與技術(shù)進步表現(xiàn)出很強的正相關(guān)性，家電企業(yè)技術(shù)進步是提高技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的關(guān)鍵因素。
[Abstract]:Technological progress is the fundamental power of economic growth, and technological innovation is the key factor to realize technological progress. After nearly 30 years of development, the household appliance industry in our country is becoming more and more mature, and has created a group of household appliance enterprises with strong international competitiveness, high marketing level and brand popularity. However, China is not a powerful country in home appliance manufacturing, and the lack of core technology makes it embarrassing to be at the lowest end of the value chain of home appliance industry in the world. Under the competitive market conditions, although some household appliance enterprises in our country gradually realize the decisive role of technological innovation in obtaining market competitive advantage, and begin to increase the investment of innovation resources, they have a certain ability of technological innovation. However, some of the investment has not been fully and effectively utilized, and the efficiency of technological innovation of household appliance enterprises is very low. In order to meet the new requirements of technological innovation of enterprises in the era of knowledge economy, the type of household appliances enterprises, which are mainly labor-intensive, need to be changed to technology-intensive or even high-tech enterprises. Therefore, under the background of the shortage of innovation resources and the transformation of household appliance enterprises, how to improve the efficiency of technological innovation and enhance the international competitiveness of household electrical appliances enterprises, It has become an urgent task to change our country from a large household appliance production country to an innovation-driven home appliance production power. Firstly, the paper reviews the research results of technology innovation and efficiency theory and methods, and then analyzes the development and technological innovation status of Chinese household electrical appliance enterprises. And compared with the famous leading household appliance enterprise group in the world, find out the deficiency of the technology innovation of our country household appliance enterprise. Secondly, according to the industry characteristics of household appliance enterprises in China, the evaluation index system of technological innovation efficiency of household electrical appliances enterprises is constructed. In this paper, DEA non-parametric method is used to compare the technological innovation efficiency of 10 listed household appliance enterprises in 2012 from the static point of view, and the household appliance enterprises are grouped according to the possible influencing factors of the technological innovation efficiency of the household appliance enterprises. The effect of energy saving subsidy policy on technological innovation efficiency of sample enterprises was investigated. Then, using the Malmquist index method based on DEA, this paper comprehensively evaluates the change trend of the technological innovation efficiency of 10 listed household appliance enterprises in 2009-2012 from the dynamic point of view. The influence of technological progress and technological efficiency change on technological innovation efficiency is analyzed. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the problems existing in the technical innovation efficiency of household appliance enterprises. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) the efficiency of technical innovation of household appliances enterprises in 2012 is not high, the main reason for the low efficiency is pure technology inefficiency; (2) the scale advantage of household appliance enterprises has not been formed; (3) the technological innovation activities of household electrical appliances enterprises are redundant to some extent, (4) the energy saving subsidy benefits the people project has the promotion function to the household appliance enterprise technological innovation efficiency enhancement, (4) the energy saving subsidy benefits the civilian project to the appliance enterprise technological innovation efficiency enhancement; (5) from 2009 to 2012, the efficiency of Chinese household appliance enterprises, represented by listed companies, did not improve, but declined at an average annual rate of 1.1%, and the index of technological progress did not improve, with an average annual decline of 15.4%. The average annual increase of technical efficiency is 16.9. (6) from 2009 to 2012, the improvement of technological innovation efficiency and technological progress of household appliance enterprises show a strong positive correlation, and the technological progress of household appliance enterprises is the key factor to improve the efficiency of technological innovation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F273.1;F426.6
本文編號：2412407
[Abstract]:Technological progress is the fundamental power of economic growth, and technological innovation is the key factor to realize technological progress. After nearly 30 years of development, the household appliance industry in our country is becoming more and more mature, and has created a group of household appliance enterprises with strong international competitiveness, high marketing level and brand popularity. However, China is not a powerful country in home appliance manufacturing, and the lack of core technology makes it embarrassing to be at the lowest end of the value chain of home appliance industry in the world. Under the competitive market conditions, although some household appliance enterprises in our country gradually realize the decisive role of technological innovation in obtaining market competitive advantage, and begin to increase the investment of innovation resources, they have a certain ability of technological innovation. However, some of the investment has not been fully and effectively utilized, and the efficiency of technological innovation of household appliance enterprises is very low. In order to meet the new requirements of technological innovation of enterprises in the era of knowledge economy, the type of household appliances enterprises, which are mainly labor-intensive, need to be changed to technology-intensive or even high-tech enterprises. Therefore, under the background of the shortage of innovation resources and the transformation of household appliance enterprises, how to improve the efficiency of technological innovation and enhance the international competitiveness of household electrical appliances enterprises, It has become an urgent task to change our country from a large household appliance production country to an innovation-driven home appliance production power. Firstly, the paper reviews the research results of technology innovation and efficiency theory and methods, and then analyzes the development and technological innovation status of Chinese household electrical appliance enterprises. And compared with the famous leading household appliance enterprise group in the world, find out the deficiency of the technology innovation of our country household appliance enterprise. Secondly, according to the industry characteristics of household appliance enterprises in China, the evaluation index system of technological innovation efficiency of household electrical appliances enterprises is constructed. In this paper, DEA non-parametric method is used to compare the technological innovation efficiency of 10 listed household appliance enterprises in 2012 from the static point of view, and the household appliance enterprises are grouped according to the possible influencing factors of the technological innovation efficiency of the household appliance enterprises. The effect of energy saving subsidy policy on technological innovation efficiency of sample enterprises was investigated. Then, using the Malmquist index method based on DEA, this paper comprehensively evaluates the change trend of the technological innovation efficiency of 10 listed household appliance enterprises in 2009-2012 from the dynamic point of view. The influence of technological progress and technological efficiency change on technological innovation efficiency is analyzed. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the problems existing in the technical innovation efficiency of household appliance enterprises. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) the efficiency of technical innovation of household appliances enterprises in 2012 is not high, the main reason for the low efficiency is pure technology inefficiency; (2) the scale advantage of household appliance enterprises has not been formed; (3) the technological innovation activities of household electrical appliances enterprises are redundant to some extent, (4) the energy saving subsidy benefits the people project has the promotion function to the household appliance enterprise technological innovation efficiency enhancement, (4) the energy saving subsidy benefits the civilian project to the appliance enterprise technological innovation efficiency enhancement; (5) from 2009 to 2012, the efficiency of Chinese household appliance enterprises, represented by listed companies, did not improve, but declined at an average annual rate of 1.1%, and the index of technological progress did not improve, with an average annual decline of 15.4%. The average annual increase of technical efficiency is 16.9. (6) from 2009 to 2012, the improvement of technological innovation efficiency and technological progress of household appliance enterprises show a strong positive correlation, and the technological progress of household appliance enterprises is the key factor to improve the efficiency of technological innovation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F273.1;F426.6
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