【摘要】：近年來，中石油、中石化、中海油三大石油公司響應(yīng)國家“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，在中東、非洲、南美等海外油氣市場的石油區(qū)塊投資業(yè)務(wù)取得了豐碩的成果。隨著三大石油公司開拓海外市場的步伐加快，海外投資過度競爭、缺乏合作的現(xiàn)象屢屢發(fā)生，短期內(nèi)不僅造成了石油企業(yè)自身利益的損失，長期來看，對我國的能源安全非常不利。因此，引導(dǎo)三大石油公司在海外投資市場實施競合策略，聯(lián)合競爭，協(xié)調(diào)相互之間的關(guān)系，，避免“內(nèi)耗”成為亟需解決的問題。 本文以三大石油公司海外石油區(qū)塊投資過程中的競合策略為研究對象，旨在協(xié)調(diào)三大石油公司在開拓海外市場過程中的競合關(guān)系，以降低海外石油區(qū)塊開發(fā)的成本，減少“內(nèi)耗”。首先，介紹了競合理論的主要內(nèi)容，為三大石油公司的競合提供理論基礎(chǔ)；其次，研究了三大石油公司海外石油區(qū)塊投資的現(xiàn)狀，取得了巨大的成果，但也存在海外“撞車”、“內(nèi)耗”、成功率低、利潤空間小等問題，并對其產(chǎn)生的原因從觀念認識、組織協(xié)調(diào)、溝通協(xié)調(diào)等方面進行分析，得出三大石油公司要開展合作競爭的結(jié)論；然后，從競合導(dǎo)向、企業(yè)策略、政府政策建議三個方面展開研究，提出競合的具體策略。三大石油公司在海外石油區(qū)塊投資的過程中不同的階段要有不同的競合導(dǎo)向，企業(yè)和政府要針對不同的競合關(guān)系采取不同的策略及措施。企業(yè)層面，三大石油公司在合作方面，要將競合提高到戰(zhàn)略地位，加強石油產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈間的合作，建立海外石油項目開發(fā)的聯(lián)合體，加強溝通與交流，并簽定相關(guān)的競合協(xié)議，以公平的利益分配保障競合策略的實施；在競爭方面，三大石油公司要提升競合博弈地位，在內(nèi)部建立競爭鼓勵機制，在外部引入其他石油企業(yè)參與競爭。政府層面，要制定優(yōu)惠的財政、稅收、金融以及獎勵政策加以引導(dǎo)，并通過完善法律制度、建立促進組織體系、開展能源外交等為三大石油公司在海外避免“內(nèi)耗”、聯(lián)合對石油區(qū)塊投資提供保障。
[Abstract]:In recent years, CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC have made fruitful achievements in their investment business in oil and gas blocks in overseas oil and gas markets such as the Middle East, Africa and South America in response to the national "going out" strategy. With the rapid development of overseas markets by the three major oil companies, the over-competition of overseas investment and the lack of cooperation have occurred frequently. In the short term, this has not only resulted in the loss of oil enterprises' own interests, but also in the long run. It is unfavorable to the energy security of our country. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to guide the three oil companies to implement the competition strategy in the overseas investment market, to coordinate the relationship between each other and to avoid "internal friction". In this paper, the strategy of competition and cooperation in the investment process of overseas oil blocks of three major oil companies is taken as the research object. The purpose of this paper is to coordinate the competition and cooperation among the three major oil companies in the process of opening up overseas markets in order to reduce the development cost of overseas oil blocks. Reduce internal friction. Firstly, it introduces the main contents of the theory of competition and cooperation, which provides the theoretical basis for the competition and cooperation of three major oil companies. Secondly, the paper studies the status quo of overseas oil block investment of three major oil companies, and has made great achievements, but there are also problems such as "car crash", "internal friction", low success rate, small profit space and so on. Organization and coordination, communication coordination and other aspects of analysis, draw the conclusion that the three major oil companies to carry out cooperation and competition; Then, from the competition orientation, the enterprise strategy, the government policy suggestion three aspects carries on the research, proposes the competition and cooperation concrete strategy. The three major oil companies should have different competition and cooperation orientation in different stages in the process of investment in overseas oil blocks. Enterprises and governments should take different strategies and measures in view of different competition and cooperation relations. At the enterprise level, in terms of cooperation, the three major oil companies should raise the level of competition and cooperation to a strategic position, strengthen cooperation among the oil industry chain, establish a consortium for overseas oil project development, strengthen communication and exchange, and sign relevant competition and cooperation agreements. Fair distribution of benefits to ensure the implementation of competing strategies; In the aspect of competition, the three oil companies should enhance the position of competition and match game, establish competition incentive mechanism inside, and introduce other oil enterprises to participate in the competition. At the government level, it is necessary to formulate preferential fiscal, tax, financial and incentive policies to guide them, and to avoid "internal friction" among the three major oil companies overseas by improving the legal system, establishing an organizational system for promoting energy, and carrying out energy diplomacy. Joint investment in oil blocks to provide security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)（華東）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.22

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