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新建風(fēng)力發(fā)電項目成本分析與競價機制研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-10-20 18:12
【摘要】:隨著能源與環(huán)境問題的突出,風(fēng)力發(fā)電日益受到重視,尤其是它的環(huán)境效益和社會效益。但在開放的電力市場中,由于我國風(fēng)電發(fā)電成本偏高,同常規(guī)能源相比缺乏競爭力,如果不考慮風(fēng)電的外部效益,風(fēng)電根本無法與常規(guī)能源的電力項目競爭。針對此種情況,一方面要不斷改進生產(chǎn)技術(shù),降低風(fēng)電實際成本和上網(wǎng)電價,提高產(chǎn)業(yè)本身的經(jīng)濟效益。另一方面需要國家針對風(fēng)電的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢推行各種激勵政策,并將常規(guī)能源電力生產(chǎn)負外部性內(nèi)部化。近年來由于國家引入了風(fēng)電特許權(quán)機制和清潔發(fā)展機制,在風(fēng)力發(fā)電市場內(nèi)部存在著激烈的競爭,風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)為了在風(fēng)電特許權(quán)項目招標(biāo)過程中中標(biāo),也在相互進行著競價期權(quán)博弈。因此,一個風(fēng)電報價策略的好壞對風(fēng)電項目能否中標(biāo)起到至關(guān)重要的作用。 本文首先從社會總成本角度對風(fēng)電成本進行研究,介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電的實際成本構(gòu)成,建立了實際成本模型,對成本因素進行敏感性分析,給出降低實際成本的途徑。還介紹了風(fēng)力發(fā)電外部成本,給出風(fēng)電環(huán)境價值模型,測算出風(fēng)電的環(huán)境價值。其次,研究基于成本效益分析的風(fēng)力發(fā)電項目上網(wǎng)電價,,對風(fēng)力發(fā)電上網(wǎng)電價進行水平測算,以一個風(fēng)電項目為例,將單位風(fēng)電成本與風(fēng)電價格進行財務(wù)分析,說明在不考慮風(fēng)電的外部效益情況下,風(fēng)電根本無法與常規(guī)能源的電力項目競爭。最后,在得到風(fēng)電上網(wǎng)電價基本盈利水平的基礎(chǔ)之上,用博弈論理論制定出一套風(fēng)力發(fā)電CDM項目在招標(biāo)制下的競價上網(wǎng)模型,并進行實際案例分析,使得風(fēng)電企業(yè)在電力市場中更加具有競爭力。
[Abstract]:With the outstanding problems of energy and environment, wind power has been paid more and more attention, especially its environmental and social benefits. However, in the open power market, because of the high cost of wind power generation in China, compared with the conventional energy, wind power is not competitive with the conventional energy. If the external benefits of wind power are not considered, wind power can not compete with the conventional energy. In view of this situation, on the one hand, it is necessary to continuously improve the production technology, reduce the actual cost of wind power and increase the economic benefits of the industry itself. On the other hand, it is necessary for the state to carry out various incentive policies in view of the environmental advantages of wind power, and internalize the negative externalities of conventional energy and electricity production. In recent years, due to the introduction of wind power concession mechanism and clean development mechanism, there is fierce competition in the wind power market. Wind power enterprises bid in the bidding process of wind power concession project. They are also competing with each other in option games. Therefore, a wind power bidding strategy plays a crucial role in winning a wind power project. In this paper, the cost of wind power is studied from the point of view of total social cost, the composition of actual cost of wind power generation is introduced, the model of actual cost is established, the sensitivity of cost factor is analyzed, and the way to reduce the actual cost is given. The external cost of wind power generation is also introduced, the environmental value model of wind power is given, and the environmental value of wind power is calculated. Secondly, the paper studies the grid price of wind power generation project based on cost-benefit analysis, calculates the electricity price of wind power generation horizontally, taking a wind power project as an example, carries on the financial analysis of unit wind power cost and wind power price. Without considering the external benefits of wind power, wind power can not compete with conventional energy. Finally, on the basis of getting the basic profit level of wind power grid price, a set of bidding model of wind power CDM project under bidding system is worked out by using game theory, and the actual case analysis is carried out. So that wind power enterprises in the electricity market more competitive.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:F426.61

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