【摘要】：低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型是低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下世界各國(guó)發(fā)展面臨的重要問題,對(duì)于市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的參與主體——企業(yè)而言,這既是一次前所未有的挑戰(zhàn),也是一次空前的機(jī)遇�；痣娦袠I(yè)雖然在發(fā)展過程中取得了很大的成就,但要實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳之路仍面臨很大的困難。解決火電行業(yè)能源供需矛盾和環(huán)境問題一方面可以從節(jié)源開流,提高能源使用效率著手；另一方面可積極推進(jìn)新技術(shù)的研發(fā),投入到實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的生產(chǎn)過程中。因此,本文根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析(DEA)方法和曼奎斯特(Malmquist)生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)法計(jì)算并分析了中國(guó)1986-2010年火電行業(yè)全要素能源效率及技術(shù)進(jìn)步狀況,并應(yīng)用Tobit回歸模型分析了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型過程中火電行業(yè)全要素能源效率及技術(shù)進(jìn)步影響因素。 研究結(jié)果顯示：(1)1986-2010年期間中國(guó)火電行業(yè)全要素能源效率呈現(xiàn)“U”型變化趨勢(shì),其中轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)發(fā)生1997-2000年之間。(2)考慮CO2排放與不考慮CO2排放情景下,1989-2002年期間考慮CO2排放時(shí)火電行業(yè)表現(xiàn)出更低的全要素能源效率,2003-2010年期間在兩種情景下的全要素能源效率保持相等并達(dá)到有效。(3)從全國(guó)區(qū)域看,東部地區(qū)全要素能源效率受CO2約束影響更小,其次是西部和中部地區(qū)。(4)從區(qū)域角度看,無CO2排放約束時(shí),東部技術(shù)進(jìn)步增長(zhǎng)更高,其次是西部和中部；有CO2約束時(shí),中部地區(qū)技術(shù)進(jìn)步增長(zhǎng)超過西部地區(qū),西部地區(qū)技術(shù)進(jìn)步呈現(xiàn)負(fù)增長(zhǎng)。(5)市場(chǎng)化改革和技術(shù)進(jìn)步對(duì)全要素能源效率提高有顯著的積極正向影響。(6)環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度、能源價(jià)格和機(jī)組性能對(duì)提高全要素能源效率也具有正向影響作用,但是其影響強(qiáng)度非常小。(7)可再生能源裝機(jī)的提高對(duì)全要素能源效率提高有顯著的負(fù)向影響。(8)高參數(shù)、高性能的機(jī)組比例的提高是影響火電行業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的主要影響因素。(9)市場(chǎng)化改革和環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度對(duì)技術(shù)進(jìn)步也有正向影響作用,環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度的影響作用非常微弱。(10)能源價(jià)格的提高對(duì)技術(shù)進(jìn)步有負(fù)向影響作用。最后本文對(duì)上述結(jié)果的原因進(jìn)行了分析,并給出了相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:The transformation of low-carbon economy is an important problem facing the development of countries in the world under the environment of low-carbon economy, which is not only an unprecedented challenge but also an unprecedented opportunity for enterprises, the main body of market economy. Although the thermal power industry has made great achievements in the process of development, it still faces great difficulties to realize the road of low carbon. To solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand and environmental problems in thermal power industry, on the one hand, we can open the current from saving sources and improve the efficiency of energy use; on the other hand, we can actively promote the research and development of new technologies and put them into the production process of the real economy. Therefore, based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and Manquist (Malmquist) productivity index method, this paper calculates and analyzes the total factor energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in China from 1986 to 2010. The Tobit regression model is applied to analyze the factors affecting the energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in the process of low-carbon economy transformation. The results show that: (1) from 1986 to 2010, the total factor energy efficiency of thermal power industry in China showed a "U" type change trend. The turning point occurred between 1997-2000. (2) when considering CO2 emission and not considering CO2 emission scenarios, the thermal power industry showed lower overall factor energy efficiency when considering CO2 emissions during 1989-2002. Efficiency remains equal and is effective. (3) from the point of view of the whole country, In the eastern region, the total factor energy efficiency is less affected by CO2 constraints, followed by the western and central regions. (4) from a regional point of view, the eastern region has higher technological progress without CO2 emission constraints, followed by the western and central regions; The technological progress in the central region is higher than that in the western region. (5) the market-oriented reform and technological progress have a significant positive and positive impact on the improvement of energy efficiency of all factors. (6) the intensity of environmental regulation. Energy price and unit performance also have a positive effect on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency, but the impact intensity is very small. (7) the increase of renewable energy installation has a significant negative impact on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency. (8) High parameters, The increase of the proportion of high performance units is the main factor that affects the technical progress of thermal power industry. (9) the market-oriented reform and the intensity of environmental regulation also have a positive effect on the technological progress. The influence of environmental regulation intensity is very weak. (10) the increase of energy price has a negative effect on technological progress. Finally, the reasons for the above results are analyzed, and the relevant policy suggestions are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃平;胡日東;;環(huán)境規(guī)制與企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新相互促進(jìn)的機(jī)理與實(shí)證研究[J];財(cái)經(jīng)理論與實(shí)踐;2010年01期

2 樓旭明;竇彩蘭;汪貴浦;;基于DEA的中國(guó)電力改革績(jī)效相對(duì)有效性評(píng)價(jià)[J];當(dāng)代財(cái)經(jīng);2006年04期

3 龐瑞芝;王盧羨;張泉;;轉(zhuǎn)型期間中國(guó)工業(yè)部門全要素能源效率的要素效應(yīng)、結(jié)構(gòu)效應(yīng)與技術(shù)效應(yīng)分析[J];當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué);2009年05期

4 趙榮欽;黃賢金;鐘太洋;;中國(guó)不同產(chǎn)業(yè)空間的碳排放強(qiáng)度與碳足跡分析[J];地理學(xué)報(bào);2010年09期

5 王群偉;周德群;;中國(guó)全要素能源效率變動(dòng)的實(shí)證研究[J];系統(tǒng)工程;2008年07期

6 黃德春;劉志彪;;環(huán)境規(guī)制與企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新——基于波特假設(shè)的企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)構(gòu)建[J];中國(guó)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2006年03期

7 原毅軍;郭麗麗;孫佳;;結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)、管理與能源利用效率——基于2000—2010年中國(guó)省際面板數(shù)據(jù)的分析[J];中國(guó)工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2012年07期

8 許士春;;環(huán)境管制與企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力——基于“波特假說”的質(zhì)疑[J];國(guó)際貿(mào)易問題;2007年05期

9 李廉水;周勇;;技術(shù)進(jìn)步能提高能源效率嗎?——基于中國(guó)工業(yè)部門的實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)[J];管理世界;2006年10期

10 楊紅亮;史丹;;能效研究方法和中國(guó)各地區(qū)能源效率的比較[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)理論與經(jīng)濟(jì)管理;2008年03期

，

本文編號(hào)：2227782