本文選題：化肥產(chǎn)業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：化肥是影響“三農(nóng)”問題和決定生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的重要因素，化肥產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展對保障我國糧食安全與農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本研究通過對實(shí)地調(diào)查與資料收集等手段所掌握的信息進(jìn)行整理與分析，系統(tǒng)闡述了我國化肥行業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與化肥市場需求狀況，深入剖析了化肥行業(yè)所面臨的問題與挑戰(zhàn)，，并提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議，以期為我國化肥行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展與政府決策提供相關(guān)理論參考。主要的研究結(jié)論如下， 當(dāng)前我國化肥行業(yè)的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)總體表現(xiàn)為：（1）化肥產(chǎn)量增長較快，已位居世界前列，化肥總用量和單位面積用量已經(jīng)處于世界較高水平；（2）化肥需求結(jié)構(gòu)變化較大，復(fù)合肥和鉀肥等高濃度肥料的施用比例逐年增大，而氮肥需求的比例縮��；（3）化肥市場競爭日益激烈化，各個(gè)生產(chǎn)和銷售企業(yè)千方百計(jì)擴(kuò)大銷售；（4）行業(yè)技術(shù)裝備水平和產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度顯著提高；（5）資源保障度大幅提升，為行業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)；（6）在保證國內(nèi)供應(yīng)前提下，積極參與國際市場競爭。 我國化肥行業(yè)的不足之處在于：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)有待優(yōu)化，生產(chǎn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新水平仍需提高；化肥產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)向多元化方向發(fā)展，但仍存在不均；化肥營銷方式和服務(wù)理念仍需轉(zhuǎn)變；化肥生產(chǎn)與不合理的使用過程中對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了破壞。 針對我國化肥行業(yè)存在的問題與不足，化肥產(chǎn)業(yè)在未來的發(fā)展中應(yīng)注重以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)隨著原料價(jià)格不斷的上漲，以及國家對化肥產(chǎn)業(yè)的優(yōu)惠政策的逐步取消，化肥企業(yè)應(yīng)合理減少成本投入，延伸其生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，逐步提高自身的生存能力，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)的發(fā)展；（2）優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)，提高企業(yè)的競爭能力，借鑒國外化肥產(chǎn)業(yè)先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，生產(chǎn)出產(chǎn)品濃度高，施用效果好和利用率高的肥料；（3）加速化肥生產(chǎn)企業(yè)要與流通企業(yè)之間的融合，從單一生產(chǎn)、流通型向生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營型、服務(wù)型轉(zhuǎn)變；（4）加大對環(huán)境友好型化肥產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)研制與開發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Chemical fertilizer is an important factor that affects the "three rural" problems and determines the quality of ecological environment. The healthy development of chemical fertilizer industry is of great significance to ensure the food security and agricultural development of our country. The present situation of chemical fertilizer industry and the demand of chemical fertilizer market in China are systematically expounded. The problems and challenges faced by chemical fertilizer industry are deeply analyzed, and the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward. In order to provide relevant theoretical reference for the sustainable development of chemical fertilizer industry and government decision-making in China. The main conclusions are as follows. At present, the characteristics of the development of the chemical fertilizer industry in China are as follows: (1) the output of chemical fertilizer has increased rapidly, and it has already ranked the forefront in the world, and the total amount of fertilizer and the amount of fertilizer per unit area are already at a higher level in the world.) the structure of chemical fertilizer demand has changed greatly. The proportion of high concentration fertilizer such as compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer increases year by year, but the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer demand is reduced. Every production and sales enterprise does everything it can to expand its sales. (4) the level of technical equipment in the industry and the degree of industrial concentration are significantly improved. The degree of resource guarantee is greatly enhanced, which provides a material basis for the sustainable development of the industry.) on the premise of ensuring domestic supply, Actively participate in international market competition. The shortcomings of the chemical fertilizer industry in China lie in the following aspects: the industrial structure needs to be optimized, the level of production technology innovation still needs to be improved, the chemical fertilizer product structure is developing in the direction of diversification, but there is still unevenness, the marketing mode and service concept of chemical fertilizer still need to be changed. Chemical fertilizer production and irrational use of the process caused damage to the ecological environment. In view of the problems and shortcomings of the chemical fertilizer industry in China, in the future development of the chemical fertilizer industry, we should pay attention to the following points: 1) with the rising prices of raw materials and the gradual cancellation of the preferential policies of the state on the chemical fertilizer industry, Chemical fertilizer enterprises should reasonably reduce the cost input, extend the industrial chain of their production, and gradually improve their survival ability, so as to realize the sustainable development and optimize the product structure and enhance the competitive power of the enterprises. Drawing lessons from the advanced production technology of foreign chemical fertilizer industry, producing fertilizer with high product concentration, good application effect and high utilization ratio) speeding up the integration between chemical fertilizer production enterprises and circulation enterprises, from single production, circulation type to production and management type, Service-oriented transformation) to increase the environmental-friendly chemical fertilizer product technology research and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.72

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