本文關(guān)鍵詞： 比較研究 效率測(cè)度 隨機(jī)非參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法(StoNED) 造船企業(yè)　出處：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)對(duì)中國(guó)造船業(yè)影響巨大，2011、2012年中國(guó)造船業(yè)新接訂單量持續(xù)下降，小型船廠甚至一些大、中型船廠面臨著無船可造的局面。但同時(shí)，中國(guó)造船業(yè)面臨著產(chǎn)能過剩，效率低下等問題。中國(guó)造船業(yè)必須借鑒韓國(guó)、日本造船業(yè)發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，從只注重規(guī)模轉(zhuǎn)向規(guī)模和效率協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，提升造船競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 （1）分析了造船業(yè)區(qū)別于一般裝備制造業(yè)的特點(diǎn)，從世界造船業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移路徑和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局兩方面出發(fā)，確定將具有統(tǒng)治地位的中韓日三國(guó)造船業(yè)作為比較研究對(duì)象。在此基礎(chǔ)上，依據(jù)造船業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的時(shí)間順序從宏觀和微觀兩個(gè)角度分別描述日本、韓國(guó)、中國(guó)造船業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀以及中韓日三國(guó)主要造船企業(yè)。對(duì)比日本、韓國(guó)造船業(yè)得到中國(guó)造船業(yè)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)，為中韓日三國(guó)造船業(yè)效率的測(cè)算和對(duì)比提供基礎(chǔ)。 （2）分析了常用的兩種效率測(cè)算模型：DEA模型和SFA模型，對(duì)比他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)引出了StoNED模型。隨機(jī)非參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法（StoNED）結(jié)合了其他測(cè)度效率方法優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可以更好地綜合評(píng)價(jià)造船企業(yè)效率。中、韓、日三國(guó)15家造船企業(yè)效率測(cè)度的結(jié)果表明：我國(guó)造船業(yè)效率雖低于韓、日造船業(yè)，但是中國(guó)造船業(yè)效率不斷提升的趨勢(shì)十分明顯。 （3）在測(cè)算中韓日三國(guó)造船業(yè)效率的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)影響中國(guó)造船業(yè)效率的因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析，由于造船業(yè)效率影響因素繁多而且復(fù)雜，因素之間也會(huì)相互影響，線性回歸模型不能滿足檢驗(yàn)假設(shè)。基于此，，本文選用非線性模型BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)效率進(jìn)行彈性分析。研究表明，企業(yè)規(guī)模和管理水平是影響中國(guó)造船業(yè)效率最大的兩個(gè)因素。 （4）從宏觀造船產(chǎn)業(yè)和微觀造船企業(yè)兩個(gè)角度出發(fā)，對(duì)中國(guó)造船業(yè)效率的提高提出了對(duì)策和建議：明確政府的職能，充分利用政策和法律法規(guī)的引導(dǎo)作用，改善造船企業(yè)的融資環(huán)境、積極開展兼并重組戰(zhàn)略、幫助企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)方式、努力建設(shè)船舶產(chǎn)業(yè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展規(guī)模和效率、強(qiáng)化科技研發(fā)和高技術(shù)人才培養(yǎng)能力、提高造船企業(yè)市場(chǎng)預(yù)測(cè)能力以及建立完善信息化管理等措施提高造船業(yè)效率。
[Abstract]:The economic crisis had a huge impact on China's shipbuilding industry in 2011. In 2012, the number of new orders received by the Chinese shipbuilding industry continued to decline, with some small shipyards and even some large and medium-sized shipyards facing a situation where there was no ship to build. But at the same time, China's shipbuilding industry was facing overcapacity. China's shipbuilding industry must draw lessons from the experience of Korea and Japan's shipbuilding industry and change from only paying attention to the scale to the coordinated development of scale and efficiency in order to enhance the competitiveness of shipbuilding. This paper analyzes the characteristics of shipbuilding industry which is different from the general equipment manufacturing industry, and from the two aspects of the world shipbuilding industry transfer path and competition pattern, determines that the dominant shipbuilding industry of China, Korea, Japan and Japan will be regarded as the comparative research object. According to the time sequence of shipbuilding industry transfer, the present situation of Japanese, Korean, Chinese shipbuilding industry and the major shipbuilding enterprises of China, Korea and Japan are described from macro and micro perspectives respectively. Korean shipbuilding industry obtains the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese shipbuilding industry, which provides the basis for measuring and comparing the efficiency of shipbuilding industry of China, Korea and Japan. (2) this paper analyzes two commonly used efficiency measurement models: SFA model and SFA model. Comparing their advantages and disadvantages, the StoNED model is derived. Stochastic nonparametric data envelopment analysis (StoNED) combines the advantages of other measurement efficiency methods. The results of efficiency measurement of 15 shipbuilding enterprises in China, Korea and Japan show that the efficiency of Chinese shipbuilding industry is lower than that of Korea and Japan shipbuilding industry, but the trend of Chinese shipbuilding industry is very obvious. On the basis of measuring the efficiency of shipbuilding industry of China, Korea, Japan and Japan, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the factors that affect the efficiency of shipbuilding industry in China. Because the factors affecting the efficiency of shipbuilding industry are numerous and complex, the factors will also influence each other. The linear regression model can not satisfy the test hypothesis. In this paper, the nonlinear model BP neural network is used to analyze the elasticity of efficiency. The research shows that the scale of enterprises and the level of management are the two most important factors affecting the efficiency of Chinese shipbuilding industry. 4) from two angles of macroscopic shipbuilding industry and micro shipbuilding enterprise, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the efficiency of Chinese shipbuilding industry: clarifying the function of government, making full use of the guiding role of policies, laws and regulations. To improve the financing environment of shipbuilding enterprises, actively carry out the strategy of merger and reorganization, help enterprises to change their growth mode, strive to build research institutions in the shipbuilding industry, coordinate the scale and efficiency of development, and strengthen the ability of scientific and technological research and development and the training of hi-tech talents, Improve the shipbuilding enterprise market forecast ability and establish perfect information management and other measures to improve the efficiency of shipbuilding industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F416.474

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