本文關(guān)鍵詞： 碳足跡 電力行業(yè)運(yùn)行效率 數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析（DEA）　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，電力行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的問題日益突出,同時(shí)它對城市的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和城市環(huán)境帶來的負(fù)面影響不容忽視。尤其是在現(xiàn)今全球變暖的大趨勢下，提高電力行業(yè)的運(yùn)行效率，降低對大氣環(huán)境的污染，減輕城市自身的負(fù)荷成為政府、學(xué)術(shù)界和社會(huì)都十分關(guān)注的問題。 為落實(shí)十七屆五中全會(huì)和“十二五”規(guī)劃綱要關(guān)于“合理控制能源消費(fèi)總量”的精神，有效緩解能源資源約束，統(tǒng)籌能源與經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、環(huán)境全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，，北京市制定了能源消費(fèi)總量控制方案，開展了一系列務(wù)實(shí)可行且富有成效的工作，比如初步設(shè)定2015年能源消費(fèi)總量控制目標(biāo)為9000萬噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤左右，同時(shí)確定了“十二五”末優(yōu)質(zhì)能源消費(fèi)比重80%以上、煤炭消費(fèi)總量2000萬噸以內(nèi)的能源結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。所以，研究基于碳足跡的電力行業(yè)的運(yùn)營效率，對城市的發(fā)展、城市環(huán)境的保護(hù)，以及資源集約型社會(huì)都具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 無論何種生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)都離不開能源的使用，本文根據(jù)IPCC提供的GWP（全球供暖潛能值及相關(guān)物質(zhì)的碳排放因子，計(jì)算出電力行業(yè)總的碳排放量。 從效率評價(jià)的角度出發(fā)，運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)方法（Data Envelopment Analysis），分析比較了十三年北京市電力行業(yè)的運(yùn)行效率，其中的指標(biāo)大部分來自于中國電力年鑒。在效率評價(jià)中，本文選取了多角度和多模型，得出了四種結(jié)果，分別為以輸入為導(dǎo)向的規(guī)模效益不變模型、以輸出為導(dǎo)向的規(guī)模效益不變模型、以輸入為導(dǎo)向的規(guī)模效益可變模型、以輸出為導(dǎo)向的規(guī)模效益可變模型。得到了各年各決策單元電力運(yùn)行的純技術(shù)效率、規(guī)模效率、規(guī)模趨勢值，從而揭示了電力行業(yè)運(yùn)行效率的總體情況。 研究顯示，電力運(yùn)行效率評價(jià)方法具有良好的有效性，不僅能比較出規(guī)模效率、純技術(shù)效率，還能對各個(gè)指標(biāo)對效率的影響進(jìn)行較為深入的分析，本文研究的方法和路線可以為類似的基于碳足跡的電力行業(yè)運(yùn)行效率作為一個(gè)參考和借鑒的例子。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the problems arising from the electric power industry are becoming increasingly prominent. At the same time, its negative impact on the sustainable development of cities and the urban environment should not be ignored, especially in the current trend of global warming. To improve the operation efficiency of electric power industry, to reduce the pollution to the atmospheric environment and to lighten the load of the city itself has become a problem that the government, academia and society pay close attention to. In order to implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary session of the 17 CPC Central Committee and the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan on "rationally controlling the total amount of energy consumption", to effectively ease the constraints on energy and resources, and to co-ordinate the overall coordinated and sustainable development of energy, economy, society and environment, Beijing has formulated a total energy consumption control plan, and has carried out a series of practical, feasible and fruitful work. For example, it has initially set the total energy consumption control target for 2015 to be about 90 million tons of standard coal. At the same time, it has determined the energy structure optimization target of the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan in which the proportion of high-quality energy consumption is more than 80% and the total coal consumption is less than 20 million tons. Therefore, the operation efficiency of the electric power industry based on the carbon footprint is studied, and the development of the city is also studied. The protection of urban environment and resource-intensive society have important theoretical and practical significance. No matter what kind of production activities are inseparable from the use of energy, this paper calculates the total carbon emissions of the power industry according to the GWP (Global heating potential value and the carbon Emission Factor of related substances) provided by IPCC. From the point of view of efficiency evaluation, data Envelopment analysis method is used to analyze and compare the operation efficiency of Beijing electric power industry for 13 years. Most of the indexes are derived from the China Electric Power Yearbook. In this paper, we select multi-angle and multi-model, and obtain four results, which are input-oriented scale-benefit invariant model, output-oriented scale-benefit invariant model, input-oriented scale-benefit variable model. Based on the output oriented variable model of scale benefit, the pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and trend value of power operation of each decision making unit in each year are obtained, thus revealing the overall situation of power industry operation efficiency. The research shows that the evaluation method of electric power operation efficiency has good effectiveness, not only can compare the scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency, but also can deeply analyze the influence of each index on efficiency. The methods and routes studied in this paper can be used as a reference and reference example for similar power industry operation efficiency based on carbon footprint.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.61;X82

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