本文關(guān)鍵詞： 低碳經(jīng)濟(jì) 風(fēng)電 可持續(xù)評價 減排效益　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：全球人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)模的急劇增長,對能源提出了更高的要求,面對傳統(tǒng)能源的日趨枯竭以及對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響,“低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)”的概念被提了出來。在低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下,大力發(fā)展可再生能源已成為人類的共識。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以后,隨著可再生能源開發(fā)利用技術(shù)的不斷成熟,以及傳統(tǒng)能源價格的不斷上漲,作為可再生能源之一的風(fēng)能顯現(xiàn)了突出的競爭優(yōu)勢和巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。我國的風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)近幾年得到了突飛猛進(jìn)的發(fā)展,表現(xiàn)出了持續(xù)的生命力。在龐大的風(fēng)電規(guī)劃和跳躍式的發(fā)展背景下,進(jìn)行基于低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下的風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展問題的探討就顯得尤為重要。 本文首先闡述了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)、能源產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和全生命周期相關(guān)理論,構(gòu)建了低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式模型。探討了全生命周期在電力行業(yè),特別是風(fēng)電企業(yè)的應(yīng)用情況。分析了我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)和電力能源結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀、存在問題及成因,說明我國以煤為主的能源消費(fèi)方式和以火力發(fā)電為主的能源不利于低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。論述了發(fā)展風(fēng)電對實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的必要性和我國風(fēng)電企業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。其次,采用改進(jìn)的鉆石模型思想闡述了風(fēng)電企業(yè)的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢,包括內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢和外部優(yōu)勢,重點(diǎn)分析了我國風(fēng)電企業(yè)發(fā)展中存在的劣勢。再次,引入全生命周期的思想,從微觀角度展開研究。一方面,分析了風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)的成本組成,構(gòu)建了風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性評價模型,用益本比作為衡量風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),通過算例的分析可以看出風(fēng)力發(fā)電企業(yè)目前已具有相比傳統(tǒng)能源發(fā)電企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢；另一方面,對風(fēng)電企業(yè)減排效益進(jìn)行分析,探討了風(fēng)電企業(yè)在全生命周期各環(huán)節(jié)CO2的減排情況,通過算例計算出了CO2減排系數(shù),并與政府推薦值對比,指出目前我國風(fēng)電企業(yè)的減排效益良好,但減排效益仍有待進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)。最后,從宏觀角度出發(fā),分別從政策調(diào)控、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、運(yùn)營規(guī)劃三個方面給出了不同的建議。為政府制定風(fēng)電發(fā)展政策和法律法規(guī),以及風(fēng)電企業(yè)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行管理和經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of global population and economic development has put forward higher requirements for energy. In the face of the depletion of traditional energy sources and the negative impact on the environment, the concept of "low-carbon economy" has been put forward. The development of renewable energy has become the consensus of mankind. After 21th century, with the development and utilization of renewable energy technology, and the rising price of traditional energy, As one of the renewable energy sources, wind energy has shown a prominent competitive advantage and great potential for development. The wind power industry in China has been rapidly developing in recent years. Under the background of huge wind power planning and leaping development, it is particularly important to discuss the sustainable development of wind power industry based on low-carbon economy. In this paper, the theories of low carbon economy, sustainable development of energy industry and the whole life cycle are expounded, and the realization mode model of low carbon economy is constructed, and the whole life cycle in power industry is discussed. Especially the application of wind power enterprises. The present situation, problems and causes of energy structure and power energy structure in China are analyzed. It is shown that the energy consumption mode based on coal and the energy based on thermal power are not conducive to the development of low carbon economy. The necessity of developing wind power to realize low carbon economy and the development status of wind power enterprises in China are discussed. The development advantages of wind power enterprises, including internal and external advantages, are expounded with the idea of improved diamond model. The disadvantages in the development of wind power enterprises in China are emphatically analyzed. Thirdly, the idea of whole life cycle is introduced. On the one hand, the cost composition of wind power enterprise is analyzed, and the economic evaluation model of wind power enterprise is constructed, and the cost benefit ratio is used as the standard to measure the economy of wind power enterprise. Through the analysis of examples, we can see that wind power enterprises have the economic advantages compared with the traditional energy generation enterprises at present; on the other hand, the benefits of reducing emissions of wind power enterprises are analyzed. This paper discusses the CO2 emission reduction of wind power enterprises in the whole life cycle, calculates the emission reduction coefficient of CO2 through an example, and compares with the recommended value of the government, and points out that the reduction benefit of wind power enterprises in our country is good at present. Finally, from the macro point of view, different suggestions are given from three aspects of policy control, technological innovation and operation planning. And wind power enterprise planning and design, production and operation management and economic scheduling to provide reference and reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.61

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本文編號：1512989