本文關(guān)鍵詞：老撾利用外資推進工業(yè)化進程研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 外商直接投資 老撾工業(yè)化 技術(shù)溢出 策略研究

【摘要】：1986年改革開放后,為了擺脫貧困,老撾逐步實施經(jīng)濟體制改革與實行對外經(jīng)濟開放政策,積極引進外資,致力于提高國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)力以及人民的生活水平。20多年來,老撾工業(yè)成為外資流入的主要產(chǎn)業(yè)。1990年工業(yè)生產(chǎn)值占老撾國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的14%,而到2012年上升到28.34%,年均增長率為16%。由此可見,外資在一定的程度上影響了老撾工業(yè)發(fā)展,推動國民經(jīng)濟增長。但是,老撾工業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)較薄弱,工業(yè)發(fā)展進程存在許多約束,加上引資經(jīng)驗的不足等問題,這些都成為老撾走進工業(yè)化進程中的巨大障礙。 本論文在回顧和綜合梳理外商直接投資影響東道國工業(yè)發(fā)展理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對老撾工業(yè)化發(fā)展進程中利用外商直接投資現(xiàn)狀和所存在的問題,運用理論與實際相結(jié)合,定性和定量分析相結(jié)合的方法,就外商直接投資對老撾工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響進行了實證研究。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容是分析外商直接投資如何影響老撾工業(yè)化的發(fā)展、從技術(shù)溢出和人力資源的角度來針對外資對老撾輕工業(yè)的影響和作用、并分析外商直接投資對老撾“荷蘭病”存在與否。研究的角度以老撾自然資源的比較優(yōu)勢作為主題,高效率的利用外資作為核心,針對目前老撾利用外資的發(fā)展策略進行全面的分析。 通過研究本論文得出以下結(jié)論：外商直接投資在一定的程度上促進了老撾工業(yè)化的發(fā)展,外商直接投資對工業(yè)總產(chǎn)出就有顯著性的正向影響；本文同時也發(fā)現(xiàn)輕工業(yè)在老撾經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中具有巨大的發(fā)展空間和優(yōu)勢,外商直接投資對老撾輕工業(yè)產(chǎn)出也有正向的影響,并且有一定的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)。但是,對技術(shù)型輕工業(yè)行業(yè)的外商投資相對較少；由于大部分外商直接投資都是資源導(dǎo)向型項目,大量資金的流入,使得國際匯率升值導(dǎo)致了輕工業(yè)出口受阻。因此,本文針對上述結(jié)論提出相應(yīng)的政策建議：1.老撾目前的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展策略是以本國豐富的自然資源來吸引大規(guī)模的投資,這些項目的開發(fā)在一定時間里促進了老撾外匯收入的增加。但是,這些項目在提升就業(yè)和技術(shù)溢出方面并沒有太大的作用,由于大多數(shù)以自然資源為主的項目所利用當(dāng)?shù)厥炀殑趧恿Φ娜藬?shù)并不多,大多是非技術(shù)的員工,而技術(shù)型員工都是從投資國以及其他的國家引進來的。因此,老撾應(yīng)該積極引入像對輕工業(yè)有技術(shù)溢出的外商直接投資。2.雖然老撾輕工業(yè)正在迅速發(fā)展,但是和重工業(yè)的增長速度相比還有一定的差距。由于輕工業(yè)是帶動就業(yè)和勞動力的主要行業(yè),以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的老撾目前正在積極地發(fā)展本國工業(yè),反而農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)量在減少,導(dǎo)致了大規(guī)模的農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力過剩,這意味著農(nóng)業(yè)勞動力即將往大城市流動,大城市的就業(yè)競爭也會越來越緊張。因此,從勞動密集型工業(yè)的發(fā)展出發(fā)再向技術(shù)密集型行業(yè)的發(fā)展,才能解決上述問題以確保老撾經(jīng)濟長期的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In 1986 after the reform and opening up, in order to get rid of poverty, Laos gradual implementation of economic system reform and the implementation of foreign economic policy of opening up, actively introduce foreign capital, is committed to improving the country's productivity and people's living standard.20 over the years, Laos has become the main industrial production of foreign capital industry.1990 years industrial production accounted for 14% of GDP in Laos, and to in 2012 rose to 28.34%, with an average annual growth rate of 16%., thus, the influence of foreign capital of Laos industrial development to a certain extent, promote the growth of national economy. However, Laos based industrial development is relatively weak, the industrial development process has many problems such as lack of restraint, plus investment experience, these have become a huge obstacle to industrialization into Laos in the process.
In this paper, a review and a comprehensive review of foreign direct investment based on the theory of industrial development in host country, FDI in Laos in the process of industrialization development status and existing problems, using the combination of theory and practice, the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis of the effects of FDI on industrial development of Laos in the empirical research. The main research content of this paper is to analyze how foreign direct investment affect the development of Laos industrialization, from the perspective of human resources and technology spillover effect of foreign capital to Laos for light industry and function, and analysis of foreign direct investment in Laos "Dutch disease" existence. Study on the comparative advantage of natural resources in Laos as the theme, the use of foreign capital efficiency as the core, to conduct a comprehensive analysis on the current developing strategy of Laos foreign capital utilization.
This paper draws the following conclusion: foreign direct investment to a certain extent, promoted the development of Laos industrialization, foreign direct investment has significantly positive effect on industrial output; the paper also found the light industry development space is huge and the advantages in the development process of the economy, foreign direct investment has positive impact on Laos light industrial output, and the technology spillover effect to a certain extent. However, the technology oriented light industry foreign investment is relatively small; because most of the foreign direct investment are resource oriented projects, capital inflows, the international exchange rate appreciation LED light industry exports. Therefore, this paper puts forward the corresponding the policy recommendations according to the conclusions: 1. Laos economic development strategy is currently in its abundant natural resources to attract large-scale investment, these Project development promotes the increase of Laos Foreign Exchange Income in a certain time. However, these projects in promoting employment and technology spillover and not much effect, because the majority of natural resource projects by the number of skilled labor is not much, mostly non technical staff, and technical staff is from investment in the country and other countries to introduce. Therefore, Laos should actively introduce as the light industry has the technology spillover of foreign direct investment.2. although Laos light industry is developing rapidly, but the growth rate of heavy industry there is still a gap compared. Because of the light industry is the main industry employment and labor, to agriculture Laos is currently actively the development of national industry, but agriculture production decreased, resulting in a large surplus of agricultural labor force, which means that the agricultural labor The driving force is going to move to big cities. The competition for employment in big cities will also become more and more intense. Therefore, from the development of labor-intensive industries to the development of technology intensive industries, we can solve these problems to ensure the long-term development of Laos.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F433.4

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