本文選題：中國銀行業(yè)　切入點：績效評價　出處：《南京大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：2008年的全球金融危機以及隨之而來的歐債危機使得我國實體經(jīng)濟受到了極大的沖擊,但是以服務實體經(jīng)濟為宗旨的中國銀行業(yè)卻業(yè)績斐然,2011年全年的凈利潤已突破1萬億元人民幣。然而中國銀行業(yè)如此成績的取得并非其完善的市場結構和較高的經(jīng)營效率,而是其長期存在的壟斷市場結構。隨著我國對外開放進程的加速,金融領域的開放程度也不斷增加,這迫使我國銀行業(yè)必須改變傳統(tǒng)的高壟斷和低效率經(jīng)營模式,提升自身的績效水平,以應對國際資本進入所帶來的沖擊。 要提升中國銀行業(yè)的績效水平就要研究市場結構、效率與績效的關系,目前關于銀行業(yè)市場結構、效率與績效關系的研究一般都是基于產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論中的兩大經(jīng)典假說——“市場力量假說”和“效率結構假說”。為此本文選取了2004年至2011年16家目前中國最主要的商業(yè)銀行的最新面板數(shù)據(jù)作為實證研究樣本,對我國銀行業(yè)的市場結構、效率與績效的關系進行了回歸分析。在市場結構方面,本文選取了市場份額和市場集中度(HHI指數(shù))作為分析指標；在效率結構方面,本文運用數(shù)據(jù)包絡法(DEA),選取股東權益、職工人數(shù)和存款作為投入指標,稅前利潤作為產(chǎn)出指標,采用投入導向型方法測算了16家樣本銀行2004年至2011年的DEA效率。 本文有別于以往的研究,對“市場力量假說”和“效率結構假說”分別構建實證分析模型并進行回歸,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)上述兩大假說在中國銀行業(yè)市場均不成立。但是我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)中國銀行業(yè)的市場集中度與銀行績效存在顯著負相關關系,銀行效率與績效存在顯著正相關關系,這就為我國當前的深化銀行業(yè)市場結構改革和經(jīng)營管理體制改革提供了經(jīng)驗證據(jù),同時也說明我國這些年來持續(xù)降低國有銀行的壟斷勢力,提高銀行之間相互競爭程度,積極推動國有銀行和股份制銀行上市,提高銀行經(jīng)營效率的努力是正確的,也收到了明顯的成效。
[Abstract]:In 2008, the global financial crisis and the European debt crisis caused a great impact on the real economy of our country. However, China's banking sector, which aims to serve the real economy, has achieved remarkable results. In 2011, its net profit for the whole year exceeded 1 trillion yuan. However, China's banking sector did not achieve such a result with its perfect market structure and high operating efficiency. With the acceleration of China's opening to the outside world, the degree of opening up in the financial field is also increasing, which forces the banking industry of our country to change the traditional mode of high monopoly and low efficiency management. Improve their own performance level to cope with the impact of international capital entry. In order to improve the performance level of China's banking industry, we must study the market structure, the relationship between efficiency and performance. The research on the relationship between efficiency and performance is based on two classical hypotheses in industrial organization theory, namely, "market forces hypothesis" and "efficiency structure hypothesis". From 2004 to 2011, this paper selects 16 of China's most important businesses. The latest panel data from industrial banks serve as a sample of empirical research, This paper makes regression analysis on the relationship between market structure, efficiency and performance of Chinese banking industry. In the aspect of market structure, this paper selects market share and market concentration index (HHI index) as the analysis index. This paper uses the data envelopment method to calculate the DEA efficiency of 16 sample banks from 2004 to 2011 by using the data envelopment method, selecting shareholders' rights and interests, the number of employees and deposits as input indicators, and pre-tax profits as output indicators, and using the input-oriented method to measure the DEA efficiency of 16 sample banks from 2004 to 2011. In this paper, different from previous studies, empirical analysis models of market forces hypothesis and efficiency structure hypothesis are constructed and regressed. The results show that the above two hypotheses do not hold true in China's banking market. However, we also find that there is a significant negative correlation between banking market concentration and bank performance, and a significant positive correlation between bank efficiency and performance. This provides empirical evidence for deepening the reform of the banking market structure and the reform of the management system of the banking industry in China. At the same time, it also shows that our country has continuously reduced the monopoly power of the state-owned banks in recent years and raised the degree of mutual competition among the banks. It is correct to actively promote the listing of state-owned banks and joint-stock banks and to improve the operational efficiency of banks.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.3;F224

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