我國中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-27 09:51
【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展面臨很多新的機遇和挑戰(zhàn),但是融資難的困境卻從來不曾改變。這不僅僅是中國的問題,同時也是一個世界性的難題。借鑒世界發(fā)達國家的經(jīng)驗,中小企業(yè)信用擔保是解決中小企業(yè)融資難問題的一個有效途徑。然而,由于我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展起步晚,中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系一直沒有能夠得到足夠的重視與支持。 本文對信用擔保的相關經(jīng)濟學原理進行了全面的分析,系統(tǒng)闡述了信貸配給理論、風險轉嫁與分散理論以及擔保信息不對稱理論,以此為基礎,通過對日、韓、美、德等國信用擔保體系成功經(jīng)驗的剖析和借鑒,并結合中國擔保行業(yè)目前存在的現(xiàn)象與問題,成功構建了符合中國國情的中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系框架。同時通過對其運行機制的深入的研究,創(chuàng)造性的提出了中小企業(yè)信用擔保貸款證券化的概念。 本文共分為七個部分：第一部分是緒論部分,介紹本文的選題背景和意義、國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀以及研究內(nèi)容和方法。第二部分對中小企業(yè)信用擔保的相關理論進行了深入的研究,重點介紹信貸配給理論、交易成本理論、信用擔保的風險轉嫁和分散理論以及信用擔保信息不對稱理論。第三部分研究分析我國中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系的發(fā)展歷史、現(xiàn)實狀況、特點以及目前存在的主要問題。第四部分通過對日本、韓國、美國和德國等國家中小企業(yè)信用擔保制度的系統(tǒng)研究,深入剖析各個國家擔保體系的優(yōu)缺點,并在此基礎上提出對我國的借鑒意義。第五部分從中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系的宗旨和功能出發(fā),構架了我國擔保體系建設的理論框架,并對其運行機制進行了深入的研究。第六部分創(chuàng)造性的提出了信用擔保貸款證券化的概念,并分析了期權調整利差法(OAS)作為其定價模型的可行性。第七部分根據(jù)我國國情,提出建設中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系的相關政策建議。 綜上,通過本文的研究和學習,筆者認為中小企業(yè)融資難問題可以通過信用擔保的方式予以解決,而其中所蘊含的信用風險,可以利用資產(chǎn)證券化方式加以分散。我們可以借鑒國外擔保體系建設的先進經(jīng)驗,結合我國實際國情,積極構建我國中小企業(yè)信用擔保體系,以突破中小企業(yè)融資難的桎梏。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China faces many new opportunities and challenges, but the difficulty of financing has never changed. This is not only a Chinese problem, but also a worldwide problem. Based on the experience of developed countries, SME credit guarantee is an effective way to solve the problem of small and medium-sized enterprises financing. However, due to the late start of China's economic development, the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises has not been paid enough attention and support. This article has carried on the comprehensive analysis to the credit guarantee related economics principle, has elaborated the credit rationing theory, the risk transfer and the dispersion theory and the guarantee information asymmetry theory systematically, based on this, through to Japan, Korea, the United States, Based on the analysis and reference of the successful experiences of the credit guarantee system in Germany and other countries, and combined with the existing phenomena and problems in the Chinese guarantee industry, the framework of the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises which accords with the national conditions of China has been successfully constructed. At the same time, through the in-depth study of its operation mechanism, the concept of credit guarantee loan securitization of small and medium-sized enterprises is creatively put forward. This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part is the introduction part, introduces the background and significance of this topic, domestic and foreign research status, research content and methods. The second part focuses on the credit rationing theory, transaction cost theory, risk transfer and dispersion theory of credit guarantee, and asymmetric information theory of credit guarantee, especially on the theory of credit rationing, transaction cost, risk transfer and dispersion of credit guarantee in small and medium-sized enterprises. The third part studies and analyzes the development history, reality, characteristics and main problems of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. The fourth part studies the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan, South Korea, the United States and Germany, deeply analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each national guarantee system, and on this basis, puts forward the significance for reference to our country. The fifth part sets out from the purpose and function of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises, constructs the theoretical frame of the guarantee system construction of our country, and has carried on the in-depth research to its operation mechanism. The sixth part creatively puts forward the concept of credit-guaranteed loan securitization and analyzes the feasibility of option-adjusted interest margin method (OAS) as its pricing model. The seventh part, according to the national conditions of our country, puts forward the relevant policy suggestions to build the credit guarantee system of small and medium enterprises. On the whole, through the research and study of this paper, the author thinks that the financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises can be solved by the way of credit guarantee, and the credit risk contained in it can be dispersed by means of asset securitization. We can learn from the advanced experience of foreign guarantee system construction, combine the actual situation of our country, actively construct the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country, in order to break through the shackles of financing difficulty of small and medium enterprises.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4
本文編號：2448078
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China faces many new opportunities and challenges, but the difficulty of financing has never changed. This is not only a Chinese problem, but also a worldwide problem. Based on the experience of developed countries, SME credit guarantee is an effective way to solve the problem of small and medium-sized enterprises financing. However, due to the late start of China's economic development, the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises has not been paid enough attention and support. This article has carried on the comprehensive analysis to the credit guarantee related economics principle, has elaborated the credit rationing theory, the risk transfer and the dispersion theory and the guarantee information asymmetry theory systematically, based on this, through to Japan, Korea, the United States, Based on the analysis and reference of the successful experiences of the credit guarantee system in Germany and other countries, and combined with the existing phenomena and problems in the Chinese guarantee industry, the framework of the credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises which accords with the national conditions of China has been successfully constructed. At the same time, through the in-depth study of its operation mechanism, the concept of credit guarantee loan securitization of small and medium-sized enterprises is creatively put forward. This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part is the introduction part, introduces the background and significance of this topic, domestic and foreign research status, research content and methods. The second part focuses on the credit rationing theory, transaction cost theory, risk transfer and dispersion theory of credit guarantee, and asymmetric information theory of credit guarantee, especially on the theory of credit rationing, transaction cost, risk transfer and dispersion of credit guarantee in small and medium-sized enterprises. The third part studies and analyzes the development history, reality, characteristics and main problems of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. The fourth part studies the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan, South Korea, the United States and Germany, deeply analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each national guarantee system, and on this basis, puts forward the significance for reference to our country. The fifth part sets out from the purpose and function of the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises, constructs the theoretical frame of the guarantee system construction of our country, and has carried on the in-depth research to its operation mechanism. The sixth part creatively puts forward the concept of credit-guaranteed loan securitization and analyzes the feasibility of option-adjusted interest margin method (OAS) as its pricing model. The seventh part, according to the national conditions of our country, puts forward the relevant policy suggestions to build the credit guarantee system of small and medium enterprises. On the whole, through the research and study of this paper, the author thinks that the financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises can be solved by the way of credit guarantee, and the credit risk contained in it can be dispersed by means of asset securitization. We can learn from the advanced experience of foreign guarantee system construction, combine the actual situation of our country, actively construct the credit guarantee system of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country, in order to break through the shackles of financing difficulty of small and medium enterprises.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4
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