基于AHP和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡的創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)融資能力評價研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-06 17:57
【摘要】：在創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益方面,創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)發(fā)揮著不可替代的積極作用。企業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開資本的投入,相對于普通中小企業(yè),創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)更偏好于長期和穩(wěn)定的資本投入,然而付出與回報不等價的是,現(xiàn)實中創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)獲得的融資支持非常有限。拼產(chǎn)業(yè)、拼市場、拼技術,在一定程度上,也是在拼融資。在金融抑制背景下,利好政策和激勵體制有待進一步激活和完善。破解融資困境,創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)還得從自身出發(fā),加大研發(fā),保持持續(xù)創(chuàng)新,提高市場競爭力,進而使自身融資能力全面升級。論文根據(jù)創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)的自身特性,以市場環(huán)境為出發(fā)點,建立融資能力評價指標,然后采用層次分析法(AHP)和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡法,對樣本企業(yè)的融資能力進行綜合評價歸類,主要工作和創(chuàng)新如下：(1)闡明研究基礎,給出相關概念,陳述企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀,解析創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)遭遇融資困境的原因。(2)假設外界因素(如社會環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟環(huán)境、市場環(huán)境)不變,根據(jù)指標體系構建原則,選取了5大類二級指標和相應的20個三級指標,并且利用AHP構建了融資能力評價的層次結構模型。依據(jù)專家評分計算出了各指標權重；(3)從深圳證券交易所公司2014年報等資料收集了20個符合要求的創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)的相關指標數(shù)據(jù)。依據(jù)AHP方法對其進行了融資能力評價分類,并利用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡法進行了評價預測與比較；(4)根據(jù)評價結果提出了創(chuàng)新型中小企業(yè)融資對策：從相應指標著手,增強補弱,平衡維穩(wěn),以期達到融資優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:In creating economic and social benefits, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises play an irreplaceable positive role. The development of enterprises can not be separated from the investment of capital. Compared with ordinary SMEs, innovative SMEs prefer long-term and stable capital investment. However, the pay and return are not equal to each other. In reality, the financing support of innovative SMEs is very limited. Spell industry, spell market, spell technology, in a certain extent, is also in spell financing. In the context of financial repression, good policies and incentive system need to be further activated and improved. To solve the financing dilemma, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have to start from their own, increase R & D, maintain continuous innovation, improve market competitiveness, and then upgrade their financing ability in an all-round way. According to the characteristics of innovative SMEs and the market environment, the paper establishes the evaluation index of financing ability, and then classifies the financing ability of sample enterprises by AHP (AHP) and BP neural network. The main works and innovations are as follows: (1) expounding the research foundation, giving relevant concepts, stating the current situation of enterprise financing, analyzing the reasons why innovative SMEs encounter financing difficulties. (2) hypothesizing external factors (such as social environment, economic environment, etc.) According to the principle of constructing index system, five categories of secondary indexes and 20 corresponding third-level indexes are selected, and the hierarchy model of financing ability evaluation is constructed by using AHP. The weight of each index is calculated according to the expert score. (3) the relevant index data of 20 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises are collected from the annual report of Shenzhen Stock Exchange Company in 2014. According to the AHP method, the paper classifies its financing ability, and forecasts and compares it with BP neural network method. (4) according to the evaluation results, the paper puts forward the financing countermeasures of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises: starting from the corresponding indicators, strengthening and supplementing the weak, balancing and maintaining stability, in order to achieve the financing advantage.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4
，
本文編號：2403130
[Abstract]:In creating economic and social benefits, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises play an irreplaceable positive role. The development of enterprises can not be separated from the investment of capital. Compared with ordinary SMEs, innovative SMEs prefer long-term and stable capital investment. However, the pay and return are not equal to each other. In reality, the financing support of innovative SMEs is very limited. Spell industry, spell market, spell technology, in a certain extent, is also in spell financing. In the context of financial repression, good policies and incentive system need to be further activated and improved. To solve the financing dilemma, innovative small and medium-sized enterprises have to start from their own, increase R & D, maintain continuous innovation, improve market competitiveness, and then upgrade their financing ability in an all-round way. According to the characteristics of innovative SMEs and the market environment, the paper establishes the evaluation index of financing ability, and then classifies the financing ability of sample enterprises by AHP (AHP) and BP neural network. The main works and innovations are as follows: (1) expounding the research foundation, giving relevant concepts, stating the current situation of enterprise financing, analyzing the reasons why innovative SMEs encounter financing difficulties. (2) hypothesizing external factors (such as social environment, economic environment, etc.) According to the principle of constructing index system, five categories of secondary indexes and 20 corresponding third-level indexes are selected, and the hierarchy model of financing ability evaluation is constructed by using AHP. The weight of each index is calculated according to the expert score. (3) the relevant index data of 20 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises are collected from the annual report of Shenzhen Stock Exchange Company in 2014. According to the AHP method, the paper classifies its financing ability, and forecasts and compares it with BP neural network method. (4) according to the evaluation results, the paper puts forward the financing countermeasures of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises: starting from the corresponding indicators, strengthening and supplementing the weak, balancing and maintaining stability, in order to achieve the financing advantage.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4
，
本文編號：2403130
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