外商在華直接投資與新疆利用外資戰(zhàn)略研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-05 08:21
【摘要】：國際直接投資是國際經(jīng)濟(jì)分工不斷深化、國際經(jīng)濟(jì)分工技術(shù)水平不斷提升和國際分工政策環(huán)境不斷改善的產(chǎn)物,不僅可以將低成本優(yōu)勢從母國擴(kuò)展到東道國,還可實現(xiàn)全球范圍內(nèi)資源的最優(yōu)配置,并在更廣泛范圍內(nèi)增強兩種競爭優(yōu)勢,實現(xiàn)長期和全球利益的最大化。尤其,對廣大發(fā)展中國家而言,國際直接投資是其最大的資本來源和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的主要推動力量之一,而且對其產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)也起著重要的催化作用。 中國政府對外商直接投資的態(tài)度是積極和開放的。從中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)實背景來看,自1978年實施對外開放政策以來,國家首先在1979-1980年間,分別在深圳、珠海、汕頭和廈門設(shè)立了經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū),期間大量外商投資涌入特區(qū),成為特區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)獨特風(fēng)景線。其次,從1992年之后,國家又先后在海南和上海浦東設(shè)立了開發(fā)區(qū),成了我國20世紀(jì)90年代全國經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮的基點。到了21世紀(jì)開年,國家提出了西部大開發(fā),涉及11個省(區(qū)、市),特別是2007年,國家又進(jìn)一步提出要把新疆建設(shè)成為我國西部的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點和對外開放的前沿地帶,至此可以說中國對外開放的層面開始從東部不斷向中西部地區(qū)鋪開。與此同時,外商對華直接投資也迅猛發(fā)展,無論是在外商直接投資項目的數(shù)量,還是資金規(guī)模上都呈現(xiàn)出不斷擴(kuò)大的趨勢,實際利用外商直接投資額保持了較為穩(wěn)定的增長態(tài)勢。 但也必須看到,進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),隨著外商在中國的直接投資規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,存量不斷增加,FDI對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生積極作用的同時,也不可避免地與中國的引資發(fā)生了一些矛盾和沖突。但就總體而言,FDI對于中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的正面效應(yīng)仍然要大于其負(fù)面效應(yīng)。因此,對于中國這樣的一個技術(shù)相對落后、就業(yè)壓力巨大、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不盡合理、地區(qū)發(fā)展不平衡的發(fā)展中國家而言,在實施引資戰(zhàn)略中,如果能充分利用FDI的正面效應(yīng),采取措施來弱化其負(fù)面效應(yīng),不僅可以更有效的利用FDI,而且還會有效促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。特別是對于經(jīng)濟(jì)相對落后的新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展而言,不僅資金缺乏、技術(shù)與管理落后,發(fā)展要素短缺,而且還面臨著更大的資金和技術(shù)需求。為此,通過引進(jìn)外資來緩解資金供求矛盾,有效促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,則不失為新疆實現(xiàn)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的一條重要途徑。 圍繞這一問題,本文以馬克思主義的基本原理為指導(dǎo),將馬克思主義的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)與現(xiàn)代西方經(jīng)濟(jì)理論有機(jī)結(jié)合,采用文獻(xiàn)法、年鑒檢索和動態(tài)面板數(shù)據(jù)模型等方法收集并處理數(shù)據(jù)。在內(nèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)增長理論、外商投資理論的文獻(xiàn)分析基礎(chǔ)上,對新世紀(jì)國際直接投資的發(fā)展特點及其趨勢進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析,并對新世紀(jì)外商對華直接投資的迅速發(fā)展及其特點以及外商在華投資對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響進(jìn)行了實證分析,提出了新世紀(jì)中國利用外商直接投資的主要問題及中國新疆吸引外商投資的戰(zhàn)略定位及其相關(guān)建議。 本論文的研究內(nèi)容主要圍繞三大層面展開。第一層面為新世紀(jì)國際直接投資的發(fā)展特點及趨勢研究。第二層面為外商對華直接投資的現(xiàn)狀及其特點。第三層面為中國吸引外商投資的戰(zhàn)略定位。通過對新世紀(jì)國際直接投資的發(fā)展特點和趨勢分析以及外商在華投資對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)影響的實證分析,我們得出了以下結(jié)論： 1改革開放30年來,FDI在華投資,不僅促進(jìn)了中國的工業(yè)化發(fā)展進(jìn)程,和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級,還創(chuàng)造了大量就業(yè)機(jī)會,推動了國內(nèi)企業(yè)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步。 2.近年來,伴隨著FDI進(jìn)入中國規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,存量不斷增加,其自身運營中的問題以及與中國企業(yè)合作競爭中的問題不斷暴露。一是與內(nèi)資同構(gòu)化程度高,加劇了FDI在中國地區(qū)之間和產(chǎn)業(yè)間的非均衡發(fā)展,并成為影響中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的熱點問題。二是威脅就業(yè)安全,經(jīng)濟(jì)利益損失可觀。三是技術(shù)外溢不足,導(dǎo)致中國企業(yè)在技術(shù)進(jìn)步和創(chuàng)新方面嚴(yán)重依附外資,陷入“引入——落后”的惡性循環(huán)。四是環(huán)境問題和可持續(xù)發(fā)展受到影響,民族品牌和民族產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展受到制約。五是外商直接投資的流入及其所引致的貿(mào)易順差已成為我國目前國際收支呈現(xiàn)“雙順差”的主要原因之一 3.新疆制定積極有效的引資政策,更多、更好的利用外商直接投資,不僅可以有效促進(jìn)新疆社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的跨越式發(fā)展和長治久安,同時對于中國西部其他省份也具有重要的經(jīng)驗借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:International direct investment is the product of continuous deepening of international economic division, continuous improvement of international economic division of labor and continuous improvement of international division of labor policy. It not only can expand the low-cost advantage from home country to host country, but also realize the optimal allocation of resources within the global scope. and to enhance the two competitive advantages over a wider range, maximizing the long-term and global benefits. Especially for the developing countries, the international direct investment is one of the main driving forces of its largest source of capital and economic growth, and also plays an important role in the industrial structure. The attitude of the Chinese government to foreign direct investment is positive and open From the realistic background of China's economy, since the opening-up policy in 1978, the country first set up special economic zones in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen in 1979-1980. During the period, a great deal of foreign investment poured into the SAR, which became the unique wind in the SAR. Second, after 1992, the state has set up a development zone successively in Hainan and Pudong, Shanghai, and became the country's economic prosperity in the 1990s At the base point, in the opening year of the 21st century, the country raised the great development of the western region, involving 11 provinces (districts and cities), especially in 2007, and further put forward that Xinjiang should be built into the economic growth point and the leading edge of the opening to the outside world So far, it can be said that China's opening to the outside world began to move from the east to the central and western regions At the same time, foreign direct investment in China has developed rapidly, whether in the number of foreign direct investment projects or the scale of capital, the real use of foreign direct investment has maintained a relatively stable growth However, it must also be seen that, entering the 21st century, with the expansion of the direct investment scale of foreign businessmen in China, the stock constantly increases and FDI plays an active role in China's economy, and it is inevitable that FDI has taken place in China In general, the positive effect of FDI on China's economic development is still greater than Therefore, in the case of a developing country that is relatively backward in technology such as China, huge employment pressure, reasonable industrial structure and uneven development of the region, in the implementation of the poverty reduction strategy, if the positive effect of FDI can be fully utilized, measures should be taken to weaken The negative effect can not only make use of FDI more effectively, but also promote China's economy effectively Sustainable development, especially for the relatively backward economic development of Xinjiang, is not only the lack of funds, the backwardness of technology and management, the shortage of development elements, but also the bigger funds. Therefore, it is one of Xinjiang's rapid development of regional economy through the introduction of foreign capital to alleviate the contradiction between the financial resources and the effective promotion of economic development. On the basis of Marxism, this article combines Marxist political economy with modern western economic theory, and adopts literature method, yearbook retrieval and dynamic panel data model. On the basis of endogenous economic growth theory and the literature analysis of foreign investment theory, the characteristics and trends of international direct investment in the new century are analyzed. This paper analyzes the potential of foreign direct investment in China in the new century, and makes an empirical analysis on the impact of foreign investment on China's economy in the new century, and puts forward the main problems of China's use of foreign direct investment in the new century and the strategy of attracting foreign investment in Xinjiang in the new century. Positioning and related recommendations. Within the study of this paper The first level is the international direct investment in the new century. The development characteristics and trend of capital; the second level is the foreign investment in China. The present situation and characteristics of direct investment. The strategic orientation of attracting foreign investment. Through the analysis of the development characteristics and trend of international direct investment in the new century, and the empirical score of foreign investment in China's investment on China's economy After 30 years of reform and opening up, FDI has invested in China, and it does not Only promoted the industrial development process of China and the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, but also created a large number of employment machines As a result, the technological progress of domestic enterprises is promoted. In recent years, with the expansion of FDI into China, the stock constantly increases, its own operation problems and The problem of cooperation in cooperation with Chinese enterprises is constantly exposed. One is the same degree with the inward investment, which exacerbates the unbalanced development of FDI between China and the industry. and become a hot issue that affects China's economic development. 2 is the threat of employment security, the loss of economic benefits is considerable. Three is insufficient technology spillover, leading to serious dependence on foreign capital by Chinese enterprises in technological progress and innovation. The vicious circle of "ward" . Four is the shadow of environmental issues and sustainable development In response, the development of national brand and national industry is restricted. Five is the inflow of foreign direct investment and the trade surplus caused by the foreign direct investment has become the current balance of payments present in our country One of the main reasons for "plus" 3. Xinjiang has worked actively and effectively More and better use of foreign direct investment can not only effectively promote the leap-forward development and long-term stability of Xinjiang's social economy, but also
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.6
本文編號：2311489
[Abstract]:International direct investment is the product of continuous deepening of international economic division, continuous improvement of international economic division of labor and continuous improvement of international division of labor policy. It not only can expand the low-cost advantage from home country to host country, but also realize the optimal allocation of resources within the global scope. and to enhance the two competitive advantages over a wider range, maximizing the long-term and global benefits. Especially for the developing countries, the international direct investment is one of the main driving forces of its largest source of capital and economic growth, and also plays an important role in the industrial structure. The attitude of the Chinese government to foreign direct investment is positive and open From the realistic background of China's economy, since the opening-up policy in 1978, the country first set up special economic zones in Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen in 1979-1980. During the period, a great deal of foreign investment poured into the SAR, which became the unique wind in the SAR. Second, after 1992, the state has set up a development zone successively in Hainan and Pudong, Shanghai, and became the country's economic prosperity in the 1990s At the base point, in the opening year of the 21st century, the country raised the great development of the western region, involving 11 provinces (districts and cities), especially in 2007, and further put forward that Xinjiang should be built into the economic growth point and the leading edge of the opening to the outside world So far, it can be said that China's opening to the outside world began to move from the east to the central and western regions At the same time, foreign direct investment in China has developed rapidly, whether in the number of foreign direct investment projects or the scale of capital, the real use of foreign direct investment has maintained a relatively stable growth However, it must also be seen that, entering the 21st century, with the expansion of the direct investment scale of foreign businessmen in China, the stock constantly increases and FDI plays an active role in China's economy, and it is inevitable that FDI has taken place in China In general, the positive effect of FDI on China's economic development is still greater than Therefore, in the case of a developing country that is relatively backward in technology such as China, huge employment pressure, reasonable industrial structure and uneven development of the region, in the implementation of the poverty reduction strategy, if the positive effect of FDI can be fully utilized, measures should be taken to weaken The negative effect can not only make use of FDI more effectively, but also promote China's economy effectively Sustainable development, especially for the relatively backward economic development of Xinjiang, is not only the lack of funds, the backwardness of technology and management, the shortage of development elements, but also the bigger funds. Therefore, it is one of Xinjiang's rapid development of regional economy through the introduction of foreign capital to alleviate the contradiction between the financial resources and the effective promotion of economic development. On the basis of Marxism, this article combines Marxist political economy with modern western economic theory, and adopts literature method, yearbook retrieval and dynamic panel data model. On the basis of endogenous economic growth theory and the literature analysis of foreign investment theory, the characteristics and trends of international direct investment in the new century are analyzed. This paper analyzes the potential of foreign direct investment in China in the new century, and makes an empirical analysis on the impact of foreign investment on China's economy in the new century, and puts forward the main problems of China's use of foreign direct investment in the new century and the strategy of attracting foreign investment in Xinjiang in the new century. Positioning and related recommendations. Within the study of this paper The first level is the international direct investment in the new century. The development characteristics and trend of capital; the second level is the foreign investment in China. The present situation and characteristics of direct investment. The strategic orientation of attracting foreign investment. Through the analysis of the development characteristics and trend of international direct investment in the new century, and the empirical score of foreign investment in China's investment on China's economy After 30 years of reform and opening up, FDI has invested in China, and it does not Only promoted the industrial development process of China and the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, but also created a large number of employment machines As a result, the technological progress of domestic enterprises is promoted. In recent years, with the expansion of FDI into China, the stock constantly increases, its own operation problems and The problem of cooperation in cooperation with Chinese enterprises is constantly exposed. One is the same degree with the inward investment, which exacerbates the unbalanced development of FDI between China and the industry. and become a hot issue that affects China's economic development. 2 is the threat of employment security, the loss of economic benefits is considerable. Three is insufficient technology spillover, leading to serious dependence on foreign capital by Chinese enterprises in technological progress and innovation. The vicious circle of "ward" . Four is the shadow of environmental issues and sustainable development In response, the development of national brand and national industry is restricted. Five is the inflow of foreign direct investment and the trade surplus caused by the foreign direct investment has become the current balance of payments present in our country One of the main reasons for "plus" 3. Xinjiang has worked actively and effectively More and better use of foreign direct investment can not only effectively promote the leap-forward development and long-term stability of Xinjiang's social economy, but also
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.6
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