【摘要】：老撾解放36年來(lái)，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)比解放前有了很大的改善，老撾人的生活水平一年比一年好，國(guó)際社會(huì)的地位不斷提高。但發(fā)展中仍存在一些問(wèn)題，例如貧困問(wèn)題，這是老撾目前面臨最大的問(wèn)題。減少貧困和提高農(nóng)村居民的收入需要采取一系列措施，包括政策安排（如扶貧計(jì)劃綱要框架），農(nóng)村金融支持、社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系等措施。本文以老撾農(nóng)村金融問(wèn)題為主題進(jìn)行研究，主要有以下內(nèi)容： 第一部分，農(nóng)村金融理論回顧。本部對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的農(nóng)村金融理論的研究所涉及到的農(nóng)村金融供求關(guān)系，農(nóng)村金融組織和農(nóng)村金融監(jiān)管制度等方面的理論進(jìn)行回顧和評(píng)述。對(duì)農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)上的正規(guī)金融和半正規(guī)金融及非金融并存，相互影響的現(xiàn)象的研究和取得的研究成果作出評(píng)述。本文在這些理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步對(duì)老撾農(nóng)村金融進(jìn)行研究和討論，，并加以完善及創(chuàng)新。 第二部分，老撾經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展概況。老撾人民民主共和國(guó)成立于1975年，至今已有36年的歷史歲月。在這36年里，老撾經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)一直在國(guó)內(nèi)外環(huán)境的變動(dòng)中發(fā)展本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)。本部分主要討論老撾的經(jīng)濟(jì)在各個(gè)時(shí)段的發(fā)展變遷，面臨的問(wèn)題等，同時(shí)介紹了老撾政府對(duì)貧困問(wèn)題的解決方案和農(nóng)村金融及微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)減少貧困發(fā)揮的作用。 第三部分，老撾金融體系。這部分主要介紹老撾的銀行金融體系。介紹老撾銀行的發(fā)展來(lái)歷和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，以及銀行體系中所涉及到的農(nóng)村金融和微型金融業(yè)務(wù)的銀行。另外還補(bǔ)充介紹了老撾非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)的保險(xiǎn)公司，租賃公司和非金融部門(mén)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀等。 第四部分，老撾農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)與金融供求分析。主要介紹老撾農(nóng)村家庭狀況，家庭的收入來(lái)源和消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)等。分析和討論老撾農(nóng)村地區(qū)的儲(chǔ)蓄和貸款狀況，以及影響農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融服務(wù)的需求。 第五部分，老撾涉農(nóng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)及其農(nóng)村金融業(yè)務(wù)。本部介紹農(nóng)村金融的概念和特點(diǎn)，介紹老撾農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)的形成和發(fā)展演變和運(yùn)行機(jī)理，對(duì)老撾促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)銀行和政策銀行的涉農(nóng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)做出評(píng)價(jià)。分析和討論老撾微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展來(lái)歷和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。介紹老撾非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)的成因及其影響，最后討論老農(nóng)村金融和微型金融機(jī)構(gòu)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，分析老撾農(nóng)村金融和微型金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的成因，管理手段和方法。 第六部分，國(guó)外農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與借鑒。主要介紹國(guó)外的農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。包括部分西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和部分發(fā)展中國(guó)家以及部分拉丁和非洲國(guó)家的農(nóng)村金融。通過(guò)了解這些國(guó)家農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展情況，用比較研究方法對(duì)老撾農(nóng)村金融的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行比較，從中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)，為老撾農(nóng)村金融今后的發(fā)展提出參考建議。 第七部分，老撾農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展的路徑選擇。分析老撾農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展前景并提出發(fā)展的途徑選擇。通過(guò)以上的分析和討論，本部分析和論證了老撾農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展所面臨的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)以及今后的發(fā)展前景，并論證了發(fā)展的路徑選擇。提出了如何完善農(nóng)村金融體系，包括建立農(nóng)村金融法、農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)法等有關(guān)法律，加強(qiáng)人力資源管理和人才培養(yǎng)等思路。
[Abstract]:In the 36 years since the liberation of Laos, the economy and society have greatly improved. The living standard of Laos people is getting better and better year by year, and the status of the international community is rising. However, there are still some problems in the development, such as poverty, which is the biggest problem Laos is facing at present. The measures include policy arrangements (such as the framework of the poverty alleviation plan), rural financial support, social insurance system and so on.
The first part is the review of rural finance theory. This part reviews and comments on the theories of rural finance supply and demand, rural financial organization and rural financial supervision system which are involved in the research of rural finance theory by domestic and foreign scholars. Based on these theoretical studies, this paper further studies and discusses the rural finance in Laos, and improves and innovates it.
The second part is the general situation of Lao's economic and social development.The Lao People's Democratic Republic was founded in 1975 and has a history of 36 years.During the past 36 years, Lao's economy and society have been developing its own economy in the changing domestic and foreign environment.This part mainly discusses the development and changes of Lao's economy in various periods and the problems it faces. At the same time, the Lao government's solutions to poverty and the role of rural financial and micro-financial institutions in poverty reduction are introduced.
The third part is the financial system of Laos. This part mainly introduces the banking financial system of Laos. It introduces the development history and current situation of the banks in Laos, and the banks involved in rural finance and micro-finance business in the banking system. It also introduces the insurance companies, leasing companies and non-financial institutions of Laos. The development of the Department.
The fourth part is the analysis of the supply and demand of rural economy and finance in Laos. It mainly introduces the situation of rural households, the income sources and consumption structure of the households in Laos.
This part introduces the concept and characteristics of rural finance, introduces the formation, evolution and operation mechanism of rural financial institutions in Laos, and evaluates the agricultural financial institutions promoted by Laos Agricultural Bank and Policy Bank. This paper introduces the causes and effects of non-bank financial institutions in Laos, discusses the risk management of rural financial and micro-financial institutions in Laos, and analyzes the causes, management methods of rural financial and micro-financial risks in Laos.
The sixth part is the experience and reference of foreign rural finance development.It mainly introduces the current situation and practical experience of foreign rural finance development.It includes some western developed countries and some developing countries as well as some Latin and African countries.Through understanding the development of rural finance in these countries,it uses comparative research methods. This paper compares the development of rural finance in Laos and draws experience from it, and puts forward some suggestions for the future development of rural finance in Laos.
The seventh part, the path choice of Laos rural financial development, analyzes the prospect of Laos rural financial development and puts forward the path choice of development. Through the above analysis and discussion, this part analyzes and demonstrates the opportunities and challenges faced by Laos rural financial development and the future development prospects, and demonstrates the path choice of development. How to improve the rural financial system, including the establishment of rural financial law, agricultural insurance law and other relevant laws, strengthen human resources management and personnel training ideas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F833.34

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