本文選題：成渝地區(qū) + 民間投資　； 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自1978年改革開放以來,我國市場經(jīng)濟不斷深化和發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟自由化程度大大提高,多種經(jīng)濟成分在改革開放三十年間都得到了不同程度的發(fā)展。其中,民間資本作為社會主義公有制經(jīng)濟的有益補充,經(jīng)歷了從無到有、由弱變強的巨大變化,對我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的貢獻度也越來越顯著。在相對落后的西部地區(qū),民間資本投資對各省經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展同樣起到了不可估量的作用。從我國改革開放的成功經(jīng)驗、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展歷程中可以看到,地區(qū)和國家的經(jīng)濟建設(shè)除了要激發(fā)多種經(jīng)濟成分的內(nèi)在活力、不斷深化和推進市場經(jīng)濟外,還需要大力建設(shè)核心經(jīng)濟區(qū)域,通過其輻射作用帶動地區(qū)乃至國家經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。成渝地區(qū)作為西部核心經(jīng)濟區(qū),歷來就是西部最重要、最發(fā)達的的區(qū)域。成都和重慶這兩個特大型城市在產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、人才、交通、資源、投資及商貿(mào)等方面都有著很強的互補性,成渝兩地的相互合作、共同發(fā)展對推進我國的西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略、帶動西部經(jīng)濟的騰飛有重要的意義。成渝地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新的歷史階段的到來為當?shù)孛耖g資本的發(fā)展壯大帶來了新的契機,而民間資本煥發(fā)的活力也必將推動成渝地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的建設(shè)。 國外對于民間資本投資的研究,不論是宏觀層面投資與國民經(jīng)濟增長、與宏觀經(jīng)濟政策之間關(guān)系的研究,還是微觀層面企業(yè)投資決策、投資效率的研究,都有較為成熟的理論體系。我國在宏、微觀這兩個層面的研究也取得了不少的成果。但是現(xiàn)今我國對于區(qū)域民間資本投資這一中觀層面的研究尚不完善,對于我國特色經(jīng)濟區(qū)的民間資本投資的研究還待深入。與此同時,地區(qū)經(jīng)濟建設(shè)過程中存在的問題也不斷浮出水面：地方政府如何切實優(yōu)化地區(qū)投資環(huán)境、提升地區(qū)投資吸引力；投資者又如何緊跟成渝經(jīng)濟區(qū)的發(fā)展浪潮積極地參與到地區(qū)經(jīng)濟建設(shè)中,一系列現(xiàn)實的問題亟待分析和解決。本課題對成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的現(xiàn)狀研究不僅延續(xù)了我國區(qū)域投資理論研究,而且也順應(yīng)了當今國際與國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的大背景,具有很重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文在前人豐富的研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,試圖針對成渝地區(qū)民間資本的投資現(xiàn)狀作更深一步的研究,對其影響因素進行分析探索,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出有借鑒意義的措施建議。具體實證方面,本文選取1985-2010年成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),對民間投資發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做了描述性分析,此外選取成渝地區(qū)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增量、地區(qū)宏觀稅負、地區(qū)公共資本存量、實際利率、通貨膨脹率作為影響因素建立回歸模型進行定量分析。 本文總共分成五個章節(jié),前面兩章主要為導(dǎo)論以及研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。筆者首先界定了民間投資的相關(guān)概念,然后介紹了國內(nèi)外民間資本投資研究的發(fā)展歷程以及眾多學(xué)者對民間資本投資的研究成果。在此基礎(chǔ)上對投資的相關(guān)理論進行了細致的分析,對經(jīng)典投資理論中投資的影響因素和影響機制進行了闡述。 后面的三章為本文的主體部分。第三章著重介紹成渝地區(qū)民間資本的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。該部分采用了描述性分析方法對成渝地區(qū)民間投資的相關(guān)特征進行了歸納和總結(jié),對成渝地區(qū)民間投資發(fā)展的歷史演變進行了詳細的闡述和分析。數(shù)據(jù)選取方面,本章選取了1985-2010年成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),對成渝地區(qū)的民間資本的投資總量、投資增長率、投資比重、投資方向、投資貢獻率、投資效率等幾方面的指標進行了分析,為保證分析的客觀和完備,此部分還納入了全國、西部地區(qū)及部分省市的指標數(shù)據(jù)展開了比較。第四章則是對成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資影響因素的實證分析,并對實證的結(jié)果進行了歸納和總結(jié)。該部分選取了成渝地區(qū)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增量、地區(qū)宏觀稅負、地區(qū)公共資本存量、實際利率、通貨膨脹率作為影響因素,搜集了相關(guān)變量1985-2010年的數(shù)據(jù),采用計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)的回歸分析方法,對成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的影響因素進行定量分析。第五章則為本文的結(jié)論及政策建議部分,綜合文章前面各部分分析,筆者得到了本文的結(jié)論,給出了措施建議,并指出本文的不足之處。 通過本文對成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的現(xiàn)狀分析,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)：1、從投資總量上看相較于全國其它發(fā)達地區(qū),成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資的增長更為緩慢,但隨著區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的實施和推進,以及成渝經(jīng)濟區(qū)規(guī)劃的出爐,成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資總量不斷攀升；2、改革開放以來,成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資增長率變化并非“一帆風(fēng)順”,還是經(jīng)歷了多個發(fā)展階段,國家政策的調(diào)整、投融資環(huán)境的變化對投資增長率的影響十分顯著；3、成渝地區(qū)民間資本占全國民間資本投資的比重一直較為穩(wěn)定,占西部地區(qū)的比重卻出現(xiàn)了兩階段的態(tài)勢。通過相關(guān)指標和數(shù)據(jù)的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略實施后,幾大工業(yè)強省民間資本的異軍突起成為了影響成渝地區(qū)民間資本占西部地區(qū)比重的重要原因；4、通過本文對成渝兩地民間資本投資方向的分析研究發(fā)現(xiàn),成渝地區(qū)民間投資經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展,投資方向有所變化,投資結(jié)構(gòu)得到優(yōu)化。目前兩地民間資本在第二產(chǎn)業(yè)較為活躍,四川地區(qū)投資領(lǐng)域更為寬泛,重慶地區(qū)民間資本行業(yè)集中度相對較高。兩地產(chǎn)業(yè)、行業(yè)間存在較大的差異,也為兩地民間資本提供了合作的可能和基礎(chǔ)；5、通過計算投資貢獻率,并將民間資本、國有資本、外商資本對社會總投資的貢獻率進行了比較和分析,得出成渝地區(qū)國有資本與民間資本對社會總投資的貢獻成截然相反的趨勢,而外商資本對社會總投資的貢獻呈現(xiàn)波動性特征。成渝地區(qū)民間資本在社會總投資中的參與度逐年增強。6、通過對成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資效率的分析,即分析成渝兩地民營500強企業(yè)占比、營業(yè)總收入、行業(yè)投向等方面,得出成渝地區(qū)民間資本的發(fā)展和當?shù)禺a(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、政府扶持力度緊密相關(guān)。其中,四川地區(qū)對第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的電子信息、交通運輸?shù)阮I(lǐng)域扶持力度較大,而重慶地區(qū)則是對重工業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)的傾向更多,造成兩地大中型民營企業(yè)所處領(lǐng)域的大相徑庭。同時由于四川地區(qū)民間資本發(fā)展起步更早,受政府扶持力度更大,四川省大中型民營企業(yè)數(shù)量和營業(yè)總收入均高于重慶地區(qū)的大中型企業(yè)。 而通過成渝地區(qū)民間投資影響因素的實證分析,可以看到成渝地區(qū)民間投資的影響因素中,地區(qū)公共資本存量、實際利率、宏觀稅負的影響效果顯著。實際利率和宏觀稅負是民間資本投資企業(yè)實際生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營中必須考慮的資本成本,實際利率和宏觀稅負越高,對民間資本投資的抑制越強。而公共資本存量衡量的是當期與之前各期政府投資對民間投資的全部外部影響,實證結(jié)果表明,成渝地區(qū)公共資本存量顯示出較強的外部性,對民間投資起到了較強的拉動作用。 通過本文的分析和總結(jié),筆者認為當前成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資面臨的問題主要有以下幾個方面：一是當前金融危機尚未過去,國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟形式復(fù)雜多變,使得地區(qū)民間資本投資的外部環(huán)境不明朗；二是國家及地區(qū)對民間資本引導(dǎo)和扶持的政策落實不到位,尤其是重要產(chǎn)業(yè)、行業(yè)的準入問題以及民間資本融資渠道的疏通引導(dǎo)問題,都尚待進一步落實和解決。現(xiàn)今,民間資本投資機制不夠有效、民間資本投資的軟環(huán)境還需優(yōu)化。三是成渝兩地存在的行政壁壘阻礙了兩地民間資本的合作共贏。在成渝地區(qū)迎來新的發(fā)展階段時,民間資本參與當?shù)匕l(fā)展和加強雙方合作的問題亟需解決。四是成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資企業(yè)由于深處內(nèi)陸,公司治理薄弱、市場化程度較低、專業(yè)技術(shù)和專門人才較為缺乏,導(dǎo)致地區(qū)民營企業(yè)的市場競爭力不夠,抗風(fēng)險能力低。筆者認為拓寬成渝兩地民間資本投資的領(lǐng)域和區(qū)域,逐漸打破行業(yè)壁壘、消除行政阻礙是兩地政府需要長期致力解決的問題。同時注重改善民間資本投資環(huán)境,優(yōu)化民間資本投資機制。此外,針對民間資本自身的問題,民營企業(yè)應(yīng)完善自身公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)、引進專業(yè)技術(shù)專門人才,才能逐步提升市場競爭力。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處：(1)國外對于民間資本投資的研究,不論是宏觀層面投資與國民經(jīng)濟增長、宏觀經(jīng)濟政策之間關(guān)系的研究,還是微觀層面企業(yè)投資決策、投資效率的研究,都有較為成熟的理論體系。我國在宏、微觀這兩個層面的研究也取得了不少的成果。但是現(xiàn)今我國對于區(qū)域民間資本投資這 一中觀層面的研究尚不完善,對于我國特色經(jīng)濟區(qū)的民間資本投資的研究還待深入。本文從中觀層面這一視角切入,研究成渝兩地民間資本的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,梳理了成渝兩地民間資本的歷史演進,結(jié)合經(jīng)典的投資理論對其影響因素進行了分析。對區(qū)域民間資本發(fā)展的研究,尤其是西部核心經(jīng)濟區(qū)民間資本發(fā)展的研究進行了一定補充。 (2)現(xiàn)今國內(nèi)民間資本投資的研究,更多的是定性的提出問題,而系統(tǒng)性地運用經(jīng)典投資理論進行定量分析較少。本文通過研究相關(guān)理論,綜合國內(nèi)外研究成果,設(shè)定了民間資本投資函數(shù),建立含多個解釋變量的計量模型,綜合考慮民間資本的影響因素,以便深入分析成渝地區(qū)民間資本投資發(fā)展歷史進程背后的原因并對其發(fā)展趨勢有更清晰的認識。 本文在研究過程中仍然存在以下不足之處： (1)在成渝兩地民間投資發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀分析過程中,未對成渝地區(qū)民間投資在重要的工業(yè)城市、特色優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展分布情況進行進一步分析；(2)運用對比分析法進行相關(guān)研究時,由于相關(guān)地區(qū)數(shù)據(jù)未得到及時更新,本文未采用最新數(shù)據(jù)進行對比分析；(3)在使用各影響因素作為解釋變量對民間投資進行定性分析時,由于獲取數(shù)據(jù)的困難,少數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)的選擇和處理采用了近似代替的方法。例如通貨膨脹率的選取為兩地固定資產(chǎn)投資價格指數(shù)的平均值近似估計。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up in 1978, China's market economy has been deepened and developed, the degree of economic liberalization has been greatly improved, and many economic components have been developed in different degrees in the thirty years of reform and opening up. The contribution to China's economic development is becoming more and more significant. In the relatively backward western region, the investment of private capital has also played an inestimable role in the economic development of all provinces. From the successful experience of China's reform and opening up and the development process of the regional economy, the economic construction of the region and the country will not only stimulate a variety of classics. The internal vitality of the economic components and the continuous deepening and promotion of the market economy need to build the core economic region and promote the economic development of the region and the country through its radiation effect. As the core economic zone of the west, Chengyu region has always been the most important and developed region in the West. The two large cities of Chengdu and Chongqing are produced. There are strong complementarities in industry layout, talents, transportation, resources, investment and trade. The mutual cooperation and development of Chengdu and Chongqing are of great significance to promoting the western development strategy of China and promoting the development of the western economy. The new historical stage of economic development in Chengyu region is the development and expansion of local folk capital. A new opportunity has come, and the vitality of private capital will also promote the economic construction of Chengdu Chongqing region.
The study of private capital investment abroad, whether it is the macro level investment and the national economic growth, the relationship between the macro economic policy, the micro level enterprise investment decision, the investment efficiency research, has a more mature theoretical system. China has made a lot of achievements in the two aspects of macro and micro view. At the same time, the research on the meso level of regional private capital investment is not perfect, and the research on private capital investment in China's characteristic economic zone is still to be deepened. At the same time, the problems that exist in the process of regional economic construction are also emerging: local governments, such as how to optimize the regional investment environment, improve the regional investment. The research on the current situation of the private capital investment in Chengdu Chongqing region not only continues the study of regional investment theory in China, but also conforms to the international and domestic today. The background of economic development is of great theoretical and practical significance.
On the basis of the rich research achievements of the predecessors, this paper tries to make a further study on the current situation of the investment of folk capital in Chengyu area, analyzes its influencing factors, and puts forward some suggestions for reference on this basis. In the concrete empirical aspect, this paper selects the relative number of private capital investment in the 1985-2010 year Chengyu region. According to the descriptive analysis of the current situation of the development of private investment, the increment of GDP, the regional macro tax burden, the stock of regional public capital, the real interest rate and the rate of inflation are selected to establish the regression model for quantitative analysis.
This article is divided into five chapters. The first two chapters are the introduction and the theoretical basis of the study. First, the author defines the related concepts of private investment, and then introduces the development process of the research on private capital investment at home and abroad and the achievements of many scholars on the research of private capital investment. On this basis, the related theories of investment are carried out. After careful analysis, the influencing factors and influencing mechanism of investment in classical investment theory are expounded.
The three chapter is the main part of this article. The third chapter introduces the development status of the folk capital in Chengdu Chongqing region. This part adopts the descriptive analysis method to sum up and summarize the related characteristics of the folk investment in Chengyu area, and elaborate and analyze the historical changes of the development of the folk investment in Chengyu area. In this chapter, this chapter selects the relevant data of the private capital investment in the Chengdu Chongqing region for 1985-2010 years, and analyses the total amount of investment, the rate of investment growth, the proportion of investment, the direction of investment, the investment contribution rate and the efficiency of investment in the Chengyu region, in order to ensure the objective and complete analysis, and this part is also included in the whole country. The index data of the western region and some provinces and cities are compared. The fourth chapter is an empirical analysis of the influencing factors of the private capital investment in Chengyu area, and the results are summarized and summarized. This part selects the increment of GDP in the Chengdu Chongqing region, the regional macro tax burden, the regional public capital stock, the real interest rate, and the currency. As the influencing factor, the data of the related variables for 1985-2010 years are collected and the regression analysis method of econometrics is used to make a quantitative analysis on the factors affecting the investment of folk capital in Chengdu Chongqing region. The fifth chapter is the conclusion and policy suggestion part of this article. The measures and suggestions are given, and the shortcomings of this paper are pointed out.
Through the analysis of the current situation of private capital investment in Chengyu area, the author finds that: 1, the growth of private capital investment in Chengdu Chongqing region is slower than that of other developed areas in China, but with the coordinated development of regional economy, the implementation and promotion of the strategy of the western development and the production of the planning of the Chengdu Chongqing Economic Zone. The total amount of private capital investment in Chengdu Chongqing region is rising continuously; 2, since the reform and opening up, the growth rate of private capital investment in Chengyu region is not "smooth sailing", or has experienced many stages of development, the adjustment of national policy, the change of investment and financing environment on the investment growth rate is very significant; 3, the folk capital of Chengdu Chongqing region accounts for the whole country. The proportion of private capital investment has been relatively stable, but the proportion of the proportion of the western region has appeared in the two stage situation. Through the analysis of relevant indicators and data, it is found that after the implementation of the western development strategy, the sudden rise of private capital in several big industrial provinces has become an important factor affecting the proportion of folk capital in the western region of Chengyu region. 4, through the analysis of the investment direction of the private capital in Chengdu and Chongqing, it is found that the private investment in the Chengyu region has been developed after years, the investment direction has changed and the investment structure is optimized. At present, the private capital is more active in the second industry, the investment field in Sichuan is more extensive, and the private capital industry in the Chongqing region is concentrated. Relatively high degree. There are great differences between the two industries and industries, and also provide the possibility and foundation for the cooperation between the two folk capital. 5, through the calculation of the contribution rate of investment, the contribution rate of private capital, state capital and foreign capital to the total social investment is compared and analyzed, and the state-owned capital and private capital in Chengdu Chongqing region are obtained. The contribution of the total social investment becomes the opposite trend, and the contribution of foreign capital to the total social investment is fluctuating. The participation of the folk capital in the total social investment in Chengyu region is increased by.6 year by year. Through the analysis of the investment efficiency of the private capital in Chengyu region, that is to analyze the proportion of the 500 private enterprises in Chengdu and Chongqing, and the total business income. The development of the private capital in the Chengdu Chongqing region and the local industrial structure and the support of the government are closely related. Among them, the Sichuan area supports the third industry in the fields of electronic information, transportation and transportation, while the Chongqing region is more inclined to heavy industry and equipment manufacturing, resulting in the large and middle type people of the two regions. At the same time, because of the early development of the private capital in Sichuan and the greater support of the government, the number of large and medium-sized private enterprises in Sichuan and the total revenue are higher than those of the large and medium-sized enterprises in the Chongqing region.
Through the empirical analysis of the influential factors of folk investment in Chengyu area, we can see that among the factors affecting the private investment in Chengyu region, the effect of regional public capital stock, real interest rate and macro tax burden is significant. The actual interest rate and macro tax burden are the capital costs that must be considered in the real production and management of private capital investment enterprises. The higher the interest rate and the macro tax burden, the stronger the suppression of the private capital investment, and the public capital stock is a measure of the external influence of the government investment on the private investment in the current period and the previous period. The empirical results show that the public capital stock of the Chengdu Chongqing Region shows a strong externality and has a strong pulling effect on the private investment.
Through the analysis and summary of this paper, the author believes that the problems facing the current Chengdu Chongqing folk capital investment are as follows: first, the current financial crisis is not yet in the past, the domestic and foreign economic forms are complex and changeable, which makes the external environment of the regional private capital investment uncertain; two is the guidance and the guidance of the private capital in the state and the region. The implementation of the support policy is not in place, especially the important industries, the industry access and the dredging and guidance of the private capital financing channels, which have yet to be further implemented and solved. Nowadays, the private capital investment mechanism is not effective and the soft environment of the private capital investment needs to be optimized. Three is the administrative barrier that exists in the two regions of Chengdu and Chongqing, which hinders two In the new development stage of the Chengdu Chongqing region, the problem of private capital participation in local development and strengthening the cooperation between the two sides needs to be solved urgently. Four, the private capital investment enterprises in Chengyu region are due to the deep inland, the weak corporate governance, the low degree of marketization, the lack of professional technology and specialized talents, and the result of the lack of professional technology and specialized personnel. The market competitiveness of private enterprises in the district is not enough and the ability to resist risk is low. The author believes that expanding the areas and regions of private capital investment in the two regions, gradually breaking the barriers of industry and eliminating administrative obstacles are the problems that the two governments need to solve for a long time. In view of the problems of private capital, private enterprises should improve their corporate governance structure and introduce professional and technical expertise so as to gradually enhance their market competitiveness.
The innovation of this article: (1) foreign research on private capital investment, whether it is the macro level investment and national economic growth, the study of the relationship between macro economic policy, the micro level enterprise investment decision, the investment efficiency, all have a more mature theory system. In China, the two aspects of macro and micro research are also taken. Many achievements have been made. But now our country is investing in regional private capital.
The research on the middle view level is not perfect, and the research on the private capital investment in China's characteristic economic zone is still to be further studied. From the perspective of the middle view, this paper studies the development of the folk capital in Chengdu and Chongqing, and combs the historical evolution of the folk capital in the two regions, and points out the influence factors of the traditional investment theory. Analysis of regional private capital development, especially the study of private capital development in the Western core economic zone.
(2) the research on domestic private capital investment is more qualitative, and the systematic use of classical investment theory is less quantitative analysis. By studying relevant theories and integrating domestic and foreign research results, this paper sets up the private capital investment function, establishes a measurement model containing multiple explanatory variables, and considers the private capital in a comprehensive way. The factors that affect the development of private capital investment in Chengdu Chongqing area are analyzed in depth.
In the course of the study, there are still the following deficiencies:
(1) in the analysis process of the status quo of the development of the private investment in Chengdu and Chongqing, the development and distribution of the private investment in the important industrial cities and the characteristic advantages industry in Chengyu area was further analyzed. (2) the related area data was not updated in time when the relative research was carried out with the comparative analysis method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.48;F276.5

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