本文選題：小微企業(yè)　切入點：民間借貸　出處：《湘潭大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：多如過江之鯽的小微企業(yè)，是最具張力的就業(yè)平臺，也是中國經(jīng)濟的晴雨表和社會政治穩(wěn)定器最敏感的神經(jīng)末梢。它在促進經(jīng)濟增長、增加就業(yè)和科技創(chuàng)新等方面具有不可替代的作用。然而小微企業(yè)融資困境一直是制約其自身發(fā)展的首要因素，近年來，國家相關部門出臺了一系列針對小微企業(yè)的金融服務，但小微企業(yè)的融資困境沒有得到根本解決。特別是自2011年以來，持續(xù)的貨幣調(diào)控政策、銀根緊縮致使小微企業(yè)“融資難”問題更加突出，許多小微企業(yè)紛紛轉向民間借貸市場進行融資。雖然民間借貸的融資方式在緩解小微企業(yè)的燃眉之急上可以起到一定作用，但其本身存在著固有缺陷，而且風險也極大，倘若使用方式不當，可能會異化為“高利貸”，“非法集資”，如因資金鏈斷裂近期頻繁出現(xiàn)的企業(yè)主“跑路”事件�，F(xiàn)實的情況是，一方面，小微企業(yè)的“資金缺口”和融資困境亟需得到解決；另一方面，國家經(jīng)過多年的高速經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，在民間蘊藏著龐大數(shù)量的民間資金（央行2011年公布我國民間借貸余額3.8萬億元），從民間借貸的活躍性可以看出民間資金急需一個投資的渠道。那么是否可以將二者結合起來，探尋既“解決小微企業(yè)的融資困境”又能夠“對民間借貸的龐大資金進行正確引導”這樣一條“雙贏”的路徑？ 本文正是基于這樣的思考，從小微企業(yè)融資困境的角度出發(fā)，構建小微企業(yè)民間借貸融資平臺這樣一個融資創(chuàng)新機制，通過這樣一個平臺承接載體，整合民間放貸者、擔保機構以及政府等多項成員主體的基礎上，建立完善的組織架構和嚴格的審查機制，通過成員擔保責任制、保證金制度以及風險準備金制度這三道“安全閘門”，實現(xiàn)對風險的有效控制，，平臺體現(xiàn)出信息搜集、資源共享、風險控制、政策引導等多種優(yōu)勢，既為小微企業(yè)融資提供了政策支持和融資服務，又正確引導了民間借貸資金的流向。
[Abstract]:As many small and micro enterprises as crucian carp, it is the most tension employment platform, but also the barometer of the Chinese economy and the most sensitive nerve endings of social and political stabilizers.It plays an irreplaceable role in promoting economic growth, increasing employment and scientific and technological innovation.However, the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises has been the primary factor restricting their own development. In recent years, the relevant departments of the state have issued a series of financial services for small and micro enterprises, but the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises have not been fundamentally resolved.Especially since 2011, with the continuous monetary control policy, the "financing difficulty" of small and micro enterprises has become more prominent, and many small and micro enterprises have turned to the private lending market for financing.Although private loan financing can play a role in alleviating the immediate needs of small and micro enterprises, it has inherent defects and great risks. If used improperly, it may be alienated as a "usury"."illegal fundraising", such as the frequent occurrence of business owners'running events due to the breakage of the chain of funds.The reality is that, on the one hand, the "financing gap" and financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises urgently need to be addressed; on the other hand, after years of rapid economic development,There is a large amount of private funds in the private sector (the central bank announced a balance of 3.8 trillion yuan in China's private lending in 2011. From the activity of private lending we can see that private funds are in urgent need of an investment channel.So can we combine the two to explore a "win-win" path, which can "solve the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises" and "correctly guide the huge funds of private lending"?This paper is based on this thinking, from the point of view of the financing dilemma of small and micro enterprises, to build a small and micro enterprise private loan financing platform as a financing innovation mechanism, through such a platform to undertake carrier, integrate private lenders,On the basis of several member bodies such as the guarantee organization and the government, we should establish a perfect organizational structure and strict examination mechanism, and adopt the three "safety gates" of the member guarantee responsibility system, the margin system and the risk reserve system.To achieve effective risk control, the platform embodies the advantages of information collection, resource sharing, risk control, policy guidance, and so on, which provides policy support and financing services for small and micro enterprises.And correctly led the flow of private lending funds.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.4;F276.3;F275

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