本文選題：暴利　切入點：商業(yè)銀行　出處：《湖南大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近來,隨著工農中建交五家大型商業(yè)銀行2013年業(yè)績報告的相繼出爐,各大銀行在去年都賺得盤滿缽滿,五家大型商業(yè)銀行的凈利潤總額在2013年達到了8382.3億元,利潤增長率不斷攀升。金融危機以來,我國商業(yè)銀行盈利水平明顯高于實體經濟,呈現出明顯的非市場性特征。近期圍繞“銀行暴利”的討論不斷升溫。銀行是國民經濟的命脈,為整個經濟發(fā)展和企業(yè)體制改革提供了大部分資金,其經營狀況關系到整個金融體系的穩(wěn)定與宏觀經濟的持續(xù)發(fā)展。而對我國商業(yè)銀行是否為“暴利行業(yè)”的定性涉及社會經濟政策調整發(fā)展大局和金融經濟的穩(wěn)定。特別是伴隨著金融改革的逐步推進,商業(yè)銀行將迎來重要的戰(zhàn)略轉型期。因此,厘清商業(yè)銀行是否存在暴利現象和商業(yè)銀行利潤水平呈現非市場性特征的原因,對于整個銀行業(yè)的轉型和發(fā)展具有重要的指導意義。本文在梳理前人研究成果的基礎上,首先對利潤、壟斷利潤、超額利潤和暴利等概念給出基本界定,認為銀行在市場競爭中利用價格欺詐或市場壟斷的手段獲得高額利潤的行為即為暴利行為。其次,本文對商業(yè)銀行的盈利模式和利潤水平影響因素進行較為詳盡的基礎理論分析,為之后實證模型的變量建立提供理論依據。再次,本文利用27家商業(yè)銀行2007-2013年的平衡面板數據,從微觀、行業(yè)和宏觀三個層面的10個因素進行定量分析,從而了解導致我國商業(yè)銀行利潤水平非市場性的主要因素。最后,根據實證結果對我國商業(yè)銀行是否存在暴利現象進行說明。數據結果表明:近年來我國商業(yè)銀行利潤較高的現象并非由市場結構呈現壟斷現象導致,而是由于銀行本身的資產規(guī)模大、資本充足存貸款依賴性強等自身原因導致的。此外,從宏觀經濟層面上看,大規(guī)模的基本建設投資貸款拉動信貸擴張投資也為商業(yè)銀行的高額利潤做出不小貢獻,商業(yè)銀行的利潤水平表現出明顯的順周期特征。本文的最后提出了在金融改革不斷推進的環(huán)境下,我國商業(yè)銀行盈利模式轉變的相關政策建議。
[Abstract]:Recently, with the publication of the 2013 performance reports of the five major commercial banks that established diplomatic ties between workers and peasants, all the major banks made a lot of money last year. The total net profit of the five large commercial banks reached eight hundred and thirty-eight billion two hundred and twenty-nine million nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand and nine hundred and ninety-nine yuan in 2013. Since the financial crisis, the profit level of commercial banks in China has been significantly higher than that of the real economy. The recent debate over "bank profits" has been heating up. Banks are the lifeblood of the national economy, providing most of the funds for the entire economic development and the reform of the enterprise system. Its operating condition is related to the stability of the whole financial system and the sustained development of the macro economy. The characterization of whether the commercial banks of our country are "profiteering industries" involves the overall situation of the adjustment of social economic policies, the overall situation of development and the stability of the financial economy. ... in particular, with the gradual progress of financial reform, Commercial banks will usher in an important strategic transition period. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the reasons for the existence of profiteering phenomenon in commercial banks and the non-market characteristics of commercial banks' profit levels. It has important guiding significance for the transformation and development of the whole banking industry. On the basis of combing the previous research results, this paper first gives a basic definition of the concepts of profit, monopoly profit, excess profit and windfall profit, etc. It is considered that the behavior of making high profits by the means of price fraud or market monopoly in the market competition is an act of windfall. This paper makes a detailed theoretical analysis of the profit model and the influencing factors of the profit level of commercial banks, which provides the theoretical basis for the variable establishment of the empirical model. Thirdly, this paper uses the balance panel data of 27 commercial banks from 2007 to 2013. From the micro, industry and macro three levels of 10 factors quantitative analysis, so as to understand the level of commercial banks in China's profit level of non-market factors. Finally, According to the empirical results, whether there is a phenomenon of windfall in commercial banks in China is explained. The results show that the phenomenon of high profits of commercial banks in China in recent years is not caused by the monopoly phenomenon in the market structure. They are caused by their own reasons, such as the size of their own assets and the dependence of capital on deposits and loans. In addition, from a macroeconomic point of view, Large-scale infrastructure investment loans have also contributed significantly to the high profits of commercial banks in terms of credit expansion and investment. The profit level of commercial banks shows an obvious pro-cyclical characteristic. Finally, this paper puts forward some policy recommendations on the transformation of profit mode of commercial banks in China under the environment of continuous financial reform.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F832.33

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本文編號：1644338