本文選題：金融排斥　切入點：金融服務(wù)可得性　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：金融排斥在世界各國特別是發(fā)展中國家普遍存在。我國作為處于轉(zhuǎn)軌經(jīng)濟階段的發(fā)展中大國，同樣面臨較為嚴(yán)重的金融排斥問題。農(nóng)村金融排斥和小微企業(yè)金融排斥是我國金融排斥的兩種具體表現(xiàn)形式。 本文首先從金融發(fā)展理論、交易成本理論、信貸配給理論和信息不對稱理論的視角分析了金融排斥的理論基礎(chǔ)；接下來從全球商業(yè)銀行體系經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略重構(gòu)和中國金融改革歷程兩個層面分析了中國金融排斥的產(chǎn)生背景；在此基礎(chǔ)上，分析了我國金融排斥的現(xiàn)行態(tài)勢，全景展現(xiàn)了我國金融排斥的城鄉(xiāng)差異和地區(qū)差異狀況，梳理了當(dāng)前我國小微企業(yè)面臨的融資困境。 進(jìn)而本文研究了金融排斥形成的一般機理。通過分析金融服務(wù)市場寬度的決定，認(rèn)為規(guī)模經(jīng)濟和“市場轉(zhuǎn)換成本”是金融機構(gòu)市場寬度擴展以及客戶群選擇的決定因素；在此基礎(chǔ)上通過對于信息對稱條件和信息不對稱條件下金融服務(wù)可得性的均衡分析，認(rèn)為金融服務(wù)供給方的經(jīng)營效率、金融服務(wù)需求方的行為特征、外在的金融制度約束都會對金融排斥產(chǎn)生影響。 在金融排斥一般機理研究的基礎(chǔ)上，本文進(jìn)一步分析了我國金融排斥的特殊性。從總體上闡述了我國金融機構(gòu)市場寬度擴展面臨的約束；具體分析了我國小微企業(yè)和農(nóng)戶金融排斥的特殊性，，認(rèn)為當(dāng)前的金融體制環(huán)境特別是利率管制政策限制了小微企業(yè)合理資金需求的滿足。城鄉(xiāng)二元經(jīng)濟體制下農(nóng)民收入增長乏力，農(nóng)村市場收益率低等因素降低了農(nóng)戶的有效金融需求；進(jìn)一步本文從政策協(xié)同性的視角探討了當(dāng)前我國加快推進(jìn)利率市場化改革的必要性。 最后，從加強體制建設(shè)，改善金融生態(tài)環(huán)境、推動機制建設(shè)，構(gòu)建包容性金融體系兩方面給出了紓解當(dāng)前我國金融排斥困境的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Financial exclusion is prevalent in all countries in the world, especially in developing countries. Rural financial exclusion and small and micro enterprise financial exclusion are two specific forms of financial exclusion in China. Firstly, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis of financial exclusion from the perspectives of financial development theory, transaction cost theory, credit rationing theory and information asymmetry theory. Then it analyzes the background of China's financial exclusion from two aspects: the strategic reconstruction of the global commercial bank system and the course of China's financial reform; on this basis, it analyzes the current situation of China's financial exclusion. A panoramic view of the financial exclusion of China's urban and rural differences and regional differences, combing the current financing difficulties faced by small and micro enterprises in China. Then this paper studies the general mechanism of financial exclusion. By analyzing the determination of the width of financial service market, it is concluded that scale economy and "market transformation cost" are the decisive factors for the expansion of market width of financial institutions and the choice of customer base. On the basis of the equilibrium analysis of the availability of financial services under the conditions of information symmetry and information asymmetry, it is concluded that the operational efficiency of the financial service providers and the behavior characteristics of the demand side of the financial services. External financial system constraints will have an impact on financial exclusion. On the basis of the research on the general mechanism of financial exclusion, this paper further analyzes the particularity of financial exclusion in China. The particularity of financial exclusion of small and micro enterprises and farmers in China is analyzed in detail. It is believed that the current financial system environment, especially the interest rate control policy, has restricted the satisfaction of the reasonable capital needs of small and micro enterprises. Under the dual economic system of urban and rural areas, the growth of farmers' income is weak. The low rate of return in rural market has reduced the effective financial demand of farmers, and this paper further discusses the necessity of speeding up the reform of interest rate marketization in China from the perspective of policy synergy. Finally, some policy suggestions are put forward to alleviate the difficulties of financial exclusion in China from two aspects: strengthening the system building, improving the financial ecological environment, promoting the construction of the mechanism and constructing the inclusive financial system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F224;F832

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