中國新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線的拓展及檢驗
發(fā)布時間:2018-02-26 23:00
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 中國新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線 通貨膨脹 通脹持久性 出處:《華南理工大學》2012年博士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線是當前研究通貨膨脹形成機制的主流模型,通過構(gòu)建具有中國經(jīng)濟特征的新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線,有助于克服傳統(tǒng)通貨膨脹理論的不足,以一般性的分析框架來分析中國通貨膨脹形成機制。 經(jīng)典新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線通過對理性預期和經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的假定,設立了家庭和廠商兩個部門的經(jīng)濟體,從廠商在理性預期下的最優(yōu)定價和產(chǎn)出完全用于家庭的消費出發(fā),在經(jīng)濟主體動態(tài)最優(yōu)決策和一般均衡基礎(chǔ)上推導出各經(jīng)濟總量之間的行為關(guān)系。從模型中可以發(fā)現(xiàn),理性預期和消費需求是影響通貨膨脹的關(guān)鍵因素。因此,構(gòu)建具有中國通脹預期和經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)特征的新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線有助于解釋中國的通貨膨脹問題。 在中國的通脹預期特征方面,本文根據(jù)中國公眾的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)特征,改進了Carlson-Parkin概率法,從而完成了通脹預期定性調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的定量化工作,得到的通脹預期數(shù)據(jù)和實際通貨膨脹的擬合情況優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的Carlson-Parkin概率法。通過適應性預期檢驗和無偏性、有效性、正交性等理性預期檢驗,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)中國公眾的通脹預期為不完全理性預期,但仍然表現(xiàn)出一定的理性。在不完全理性預期下,通脹持久性會對通貨膨脹產(chǎn)生影響,因此,本文進一步檢驗了中國通脹持久性的特征。通過累計脈沖響應函數(shù)檢驗、最大自回歸特征根檢驗和半衰期檢驗等單變量檢驗發(fā)現(xiàn),中國的通脹持久性具有較高水平,在樣本區(qū)間內(nèi)明顯表現(xiàn)出先升后降的倒U型變化趨勢。對通脹持久性的內(nèi)生突變檢驗發(fā)現(xiàn),中國的通脹持久性水平在1998年的第一季度發(fā)生結(jié)構(gòu)性下降。 在中國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的特征方面,本文認為,,與國外的消費需求拉動不同,中國的經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)特征表現(xiàn)為投資需求拉動,并且在地方政府和國有企業(yè)的投資沖動下,投資需求對價格的敏感度很低,因而對通貨膨脹具有較強的拉動作用。 基于上述的特征分析,本文將需求區(qū)分為投資需求和消費需求,并結(jié)合李拉亞的粘性預期理論和新凱恩斯主義的粘性價格理論,在經(jīng)典理論模型的基礎(chǔ)上納入了不完全理性預期下的通脹持久性和經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)中的投資需求這兩個主要因素,從而構(gòu)建了具有雙粘性質(zhì)的中國新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線。從理論模型中可以得出以下結(jié)論:通脹持久性是影響中國通貨膨脹的重要因素,并且如果前向定價的廠家越少,通脹持久性對通貨膨脹的影響將越高;投資需求同樣是影響通貨膨脹的重要因素,在投資需求的價格彈性小于消費需求的假定下,投資需求對通貨膨脹的影響高于消費需求。 對中國新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線的實證結(jié)果表明,考慮了通脹持久性和中國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的新凱恩斯菲利普斯曲線更能解釋中國的通貨膨脹形成機制。通脹持久性對通貨膨脹的影響顯著,僅次于通脹預期的影響。上世紀90年代中期,中國貨幣政策的制度性改革促使廠商逐步轉(zhuǎn)向前向定價模式,因而通脹持久性對通貨膨脹的影響也顯著下降。投資需求對通貨膨脹具有顯著影響,且高于消費需求的影響,表明以地方政府和國有企業(yè)為主體的投資沖動確實對通貨膨脹具有較強的推動作用。 本文結(jié)論的政策性啟示是,治理中國的通貨膨脹應當破解投資需求的軟約束問題,通過改革地方政府的政績考核以及深化國有企業(yè)體制改革,來降低通貨膨脹的內(nèi)在經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)壓力;更為重要的是要完善貨幣政策體系,通過合理引導通脹預期和降低通脹持久性水平達到有效調(diào)控通貨膨脹的目的。
[Abstract]:The new Keynesian Phillips curve is the mainstream model of the current research inflation forming mechanism . By constructing the new Keynesian Phillips curve with Chinese economic characteristics , it is helpful to overcome the shortcomings of traditional inflation theory and analyze the mechanism of inflation formation in China with a general analysis framework . Based on the assumption of rational expectation and economic structure , the classic new Keynesian Phillips curve has set up the economy of two departments of family and Chinese manufacturers . From the model , it is found that rational expectation and consumption demand are the key factors that affect inflation . Therefore , the construction of new Keynesian Phillips curve with Chinese inflation expectations and economic structural characteristics can help explain China ' s inflation problem . Based on the characteristics of Chinese public survey data , this paper improves Carlson - Parkin ' s probability method , thus completing the quantitative analysis of inflation expectations qualitative survey data . The results show that the inflation expectations of China are expected to be incomplete rational expectations . In the aspect of the characteristics of Chinese economic structure , this paper holds that China ' s economic structural characteristics are driven by investment demand , and the sensitivity of investment demand to price is very low under the investment impulse of local government and state - owned enterprises , so it has a strong pulling effect on inflation . Based on the above - mentioned characteristic analysis , this paper divides the demand into investment demand and consumption demand , and combines the viscous expectation theory of Lilac and the viscous price theory of new Keynesian . The empirical results of China ' s new Keynesian Phillips curve show that the inflation persistence and the new Keynesian Phillips curve of China ' s economic structure are more likely to explain China ' s inflation - forming mechanism . The impact of inflation persistence on inflation is only secondary to the expected impact of inflation . In the mid - 1990s , China ' s monetary policy ' s institutional reforms have prompted the firm to turn to the forward pricing model . The impact of investment demand on inflation is higher than that of consumption demand , suggesting that investment impulses that are the subject of local governments and state - owned enterprises do have a strong push on inflation . The policy implication of this conclusion is that the inflation in China should crack down on the soft - constraint problem of investment demand , reform local government ' s performance appraisal and deepen the reform of state - owned enterprise system , so as to reduce the internal economic structure pressure of inflation ; more importantly , to perfect monetary policy system , to achieve the goal of effectively controlling inflation by reasonably guiding inflation expectations and reducing inflation persistence level .
【學位授予單位】:華南理工大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:F822.5;F224
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