本文關(guān)鍵詞： 外匯儲(chǔ)備適度規(guī)模 外匯儲(chǔ)備合理結(jié)構(gòu) 優(yōu)化管理　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),截至2012年6月底,中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備達(dá)到2400億美元,居世界第一。巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備提高了我國(guó)對(duì)外支付能力,保障了我國(guó)經(jīng)齊發(fā)展,維護(hù)了我國(guó)人民幣逐步走向國(guó)際的信心,支撐了我國(guó)在國(guó)際上的地位。但是,巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備也使我國(guó)承擔(dān)了較高的機(jī)會(huì)成本和美元貶值的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并且直接影響到央行推行貨幣政策的難度。鑒于上述原因,筆者選擇“中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)研究’作為論文的選題,研究巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備如何更有效地為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)服務(wù)。本文將對(duì)中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的適度規(guī)模,外匯儲(chǔ)備的合理結(jié)構(gòu)以及外匯儲(chǔ)備的管理體制優(yōu)化,提出積極的建議,以期望化解巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。 本文闡述了中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的形成過(guò)程和近年來(lái)迅速增長(zhǎng)的原因,同時(shí)運(yùn)用比例分析法對(duì)適度外匯儲(chǔ)備做了測(cè)算,得出中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備超額的結(jié)論。然后,針對(duì)超額外匯儲(chǔ)備提出儲(chǔ)備幣種結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的對(duì)策和矯正中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備適度規(guī)模的系列對(duì)策。最后,結(jié)合他國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)中國(guó)外匯體制管理優(yōu)化提出建議。 論文的建議是：增持石油戰(zhàn)略儲(chǔ)備和黃金儲(chǔ)備,并進(jìn)行了可行性分析,最終得出解決中國(guó)超額外匯儲(chǔ)備的根本途徑在于擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需和由“藏匯于國(guó)”轉(zhuǎn)向“藏匯于民”。隨后分析中國(guó)內(nèi)需不足和“藏匯于國(guó)”的現(xiàn)狀,提出擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需及由“藏匯于國(guó)”轉(zhuǎn)向“藏匯于民,,的策略：比如,在經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目下放開(kāi)購(gòu)匯額度,給予國(guó)民充足的外匯資金；在資本項(xiàng)目方面,給予國(guó)民境外直接投資機(jī)會(huì),建立規(guī)范化和個(gè)人境外直接投資渠道；在現(xiàn)有條件下逐步拓寬企業(yè)和個(gè)人持有外匯的投資渠道。 最后筆者提出建立外匯平準(zhǔn)基金,作為中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備管理體制的優(yōu)化對(duì)策,不僅要把好“出口關(guān)”,更要把好“進(jìn)口關(guān)”,從源頭上改革外匯儲(chǔ)備形成機(jī)制,切斷外匯儲(chǔ)備增長(zhǎng)與國(guó)內(nèi)貨幣供應(yīng)的直接聯(lián)系,并提出完善外匯儲(chǔ)備立法的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's foreign exchange reserves have continued to grow. By the end of June 2012, China's foreign exchange reserves had reached 240 billion US dollars, ranking first in the world. It has maintained the confidence that China's RMB is gradually moving towards the international level and has supported our country's position in the international community. However, the huge foreign exchange reserves have also made our country bear the higher opportunity cost and the risk of the depreciation of the US dollar. And it has a direct impact on the difficulty of the central bank in carrying out monetary policy. In view of the above reasons, the author chooses "study on the scale and structure of China's Foreign Exchange Reserve" as the topic of the thesis. This paper studies how the huge foreign exchange reserves can serve China's economic construction more effectively. This paper puts forward some positive suggestions on the appropriate scale of China's foreign exchange reserves, the rational structure of foreign exchange reserves and the optimization of the management system of foreign exchange reserves. In the hope of resolving the huge foreign exchange reserves brought about by economic problems. This paper expounds the forming process of China's foreign exchange reserve and the reasons for its rapid growth in recent years, and uses the proportional analysis method to calculate the moderate foreign exchange reserve, and draws the conclusion that China's foreign exchange reserve exceeds the level of foreign exchange reserve. This paper puts forward some countermeasures to optimize the structure of foreign exchange reserves and a series of countermeasures to correct the moderate scale of China's foreign exchange reserves. Finally, some suggestions on the optimization of China's foreign exchange system management are put forward based on the experience of foreign exchange reserve management in other countries. The suggestion of this paper is to increase the petroleum strategic reserve and gold reserve, and carry on the feasibility analysis. Finally, the basic way to solve China's excess foreign exchange reserves lies in expanding domestic demand and changing from "reserving foreign exchange in China" to "reserving foreign exchange in China" to "reserving foreign exchange among the people". Then, it analyzes the current situation of insufficient domestic demand in China and "reserving foreign exchange in China." Proposing strategies to expand domestic demand and shift from "foreign exchange in Tibet and in the country" to "foreign exchange in the people's land": for example, to liberalize the quota of foreign exchange purchases under the current account and to give the people sufficient foreign exchange funds; and in the capital account, to give foreign direct investment opportunities to nationals. Establish standardized and individual foreign direct investment channels, and gradually broaden the investment channels for enterprises and individuals to hold foreign exchange under existing conditions. Finally, the author puts forward the establishment of foreign exchange stabilization fund, as the optimization countermeasure of China's foreign exchange reserve management system, we should not only "export", but also "import", and reform the formation mechanism of foreign exchange reserve from the source. The direct relation between the increase of foreign exchange reserve and the domestic money supply is cut off, and the policy suggestion of perfecting the legislation of foreign exchange reserve is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6

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