本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村金融 信貸抑制 農(nóng)戶投資 區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)換模型　出處：《上海經(jīng)濟(jì)研究》2010年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：本文研究了阻礙我國(guó)農(nóng)戶得到正式信貸服務(wù)的主要因素,以及這種信貸抑制對(duì)于農(nóng)戶的投資效率造成的后果。利用2006年作者對(duì)云南、寧夏省700多個(gè)農(nóng)戶進(jìn)行調(diào)查得到的數(shù)據(jù),我們使用probit模型和內(nèi)生區(qū)域轉(zhuǎn)換模型(regime switching model)進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。結(jié)果表明,財(cái)富水平與農(nóng)戶的信貸抑制存在倒U形的關(guān)系,缺乏信用記錄、缺乏關(guān)系的農(nóng)戶容易受到信用社和銀行的信貸配給;在生產(chǎn)方面,非正式信貸沒(méi)有能夠彌補(bǔ)正式信貸不足導(dǎo)致的負(fù)面效應(yīng);受到信貸抑制的農(nóng)戶的投資回報(bào)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于未受到信貸抑制的農(nóng)戶,表明從整體來(lái)看,投資效率存在很大的改進(jìn)余地。這些結(jié)果給農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)改革提供了啟示:我們需要特別關(guān)注那些受到信貸抑制的農(nóng)戶。要改善對(duì)他們的金融服務(wù),必須重視農(nóng)村金融市場(chǎng)的信息不對(duì)稱特征,推動(dòng)更適合農(nóng)村的金融中介(如小額信貸)的發(fā)展;而最貧困的農(nóng)戶不可能僅僅依賴金融改革提高收入,因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈ν顿Y機(jī)會(huì)和貸款需求。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the main factors hindering farmers' access to formal credit services and the consequences of this kind of credit restraint on the investment efficiency of farmers. Data from more than 700 farmers in Ningxia province. We use the probit model and the endogenous region transformation model to carry out the empirical analysis. The results show that. There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the wealth level and the credit suppression of farmers, and the lack of credit record, the lack of relationship between the farmers and the credit cooperatives and banks are vulnerable to credit rationing; In terms of production, informal credit has not been able to compensate for the negative effects of inadequate formal credit; The return on investment of farmers who are restrained by credit is much higher than that of farmers who are not restrained by credit, which indicates that from the overall view. There is a lot of room for improvement in investment efficiency. These results provide inspiration for rural financial market reform: we need to pay special attention to those farmers who are constrained by credit and improve their financial services. We must pay attention to the asymmetric information characteristics of rural financial markets and promote the development of more suitable financial intermediaries (such as micro-credit); The poorest farmers cannot rely solely on financial reforms to raise incomes because they lack investment opportunities and loan demand.
【作者單位】： 上海電力學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院;上海交通大學(xué)安泰經(jīng)濟(jì)與管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(70703023和70673065) 中國(guó)博士后基金資助項(xiàng)目(502000_X90802) 上海哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目(2007EJB007)的資助
【分類號(hào)】：F832.43;F323.9;F224
【正文快照】： 一、引言大量農(nóng)戶無(wú)法得到及時(shí)有效的金融服務(wù)，是過(guò)去幾十年中許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家所面臨的棘手問(wèn)題之一(Yaron et al.(1997))。當(dāng)農(nóng)戶的投資和生產(chǎn)受到信貸抑制時(shí)，他將不得不犧牲部分甚至全部有利可圖的投資機(jī)會(huì)，，以保證消費(fèi)不至于出現(xiàn)太大的波動(dòng)，這對(duì)農(nóng)戶和社會(huì)都意味著資源

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