本文關(guān)鍵詞： 預(yù)付卡 格式合同條款 反洗錢　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來，預(yù)付式消費(fèi)走進(jìn)了大眾的日常生活，名目繁多、用途廣泛的預(yù)付卡遍布于各行各業(yè)，對(duì)人們的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。目前活躍在市場上的預(yù)付卡大體有兩類：一類是以聯(lián)華ok卡、斯瑪特卡為代表的可以在眾多特約商戶中使用的多用途預(yù)付卡；一類是以超市卡、美容卡、健身卡為代表的只能在發(fā)卡企業(yè)內(nèi)使用的單用途預(yù)付卡。這兩類預(yù)付卡參與的主體眾多、發(fā)行量很大，起到了類似于銀行的清算組織的作用，但是，由于沒有專門的法規(guī)對(duì)預(yù)付卡進(jìn)行監(jiān)管，預(yù)付卡在發(fā)行、使用、資金存管等方面都積累了大量的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，比如侵害消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益、挪用沉淀資金。另一方面，我國多年來對(duì)預(yù)付卡的規(guī)制歷程表明，，對(duì)預(yù)付卡的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求決定預(yù)付卡的監(jiān)管政策“堵”不如“疏”。因此，本文旨在分析預(yù)付卡的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并提出針對(duì)性的監(jiān)管對(duì)策來化解風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，引導(dǎo)預(yù)付卡市場健康發(fā)展。 本文的第一部分是預(yù)付卡的概述，分析了預(yù)付卡的界定、特征及法律關(guān)系，提出了對(duì)多用途預(yù)付卡與單用途預(yù)付卡分別探討的原因和思路。然后本文探討了預(yù)付卡的發(fā)展歷程，從國外預(yù)付卡的發(fā)展歷程入手，對(duì)比探討我國對(duì)預(yù)付卡由“堵”到“疏”的變化，分析其背后的原因及監(jiān)管的意義。 第二部分是預(yù)付卡的法律風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，大體可分為預(yù)付卡的消費(fèi)使用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、發(fā)行與受理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)兩大類。消費(fèi)使用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)集中在商戶的欺詐問題、不公平格式合同條款問題、侵犯消費(fèi)者選擇權(quán)及公平交易權(quán)問題、侵犯消費(fèi)者隱私權(quán)問題，本文對(duì)每一類進(jìn)行了法理分析并指出事后救濟(jì)的途徑。預(yù)付卡的發(fā)行與受理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要有沉淀資金挪用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、洗錢套現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、滋生腐敗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、稅收管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，本文分析了各個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的成因及后果，為有力的監(jiān)管措施的實(shí)施找到切入點(diǎn)。 第三部分是預(yù)付卡的監(jiān)管對(duì)策。針對(duì)預(yù)付卡消費(fèi)使用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，本文提出了推出示范性合同文本、設(shè)立“黑名單”制度、明確消費(fèi)者保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)職責(zé)等監(jiān)管對(duì)策；針對(duì)預(yù)付卡發(fā)行與受理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，本文先統(tǒng)一分析購卡實(shí)名制、非現(xiàn)金購卡制度等對(duì)策，再根據(jù)多用途預(yù)付卡與單用途預(yù)付卡的區(qū)別，分別探討了發(fā)卡人資質(zhì)、資金存管、反洗錢義務(wù)、稅務(wù)管理等方面的監(jiān)管對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, prepaid consumption into the daily life of the public, a wide range of prepaid cards in a wide range of industries. At present there are two kinds of prepaid cards active in the market: one is the United China ok card. A multipurpose prepaid card that can be used in many special businesses as represented by Smatka; One is the supermarket card, beauty card, fitness card as a representative can only be used in the card business single purpose prepaid card. These two types of prepaid cards involved in the main body, the circulation is very large. Has played a similar role to the bank liquidation organization, but, because there are no special regulations to regulate the prepaid card, prepaid card in the issue, use, fund management and other aspects of the accumulation of a large number of risks. For example, encroaching on the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, misappropriating precipitation funds. On the other hand, the regulation of prepaid cards in China over the years shows. The actual demand of prepaid card decides that the supervision policy of prepaid card is not as good as "blocking". Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the legal risk of prepaid card and put forward some countermeasures to resolve the risk. Guide the healthy development of prepaid card market. The first part of this paper is an overview of prepaid cards, analysis of the definition of prepaid cards, characteristics and legal relations. This paper puts forward the reasons and ideas of discussing multi-purpose prepaid card and single-use prepaid card separately. Then this paper discusses the development course of prepaid card and starts with the development course of foreign prepaid card. This paper discusses the change of prepaid card from "blocking" to "sparse", analyzes the reasons behind it and the significance of supervision. The second part is the legal risk of prepaid card, which can be divided into two categories: the consumption risk of prepaid card, the risk of issuing and accepting the risk. The risk of consumption and use is concentrated in the fraud of merchant. Unfair format contract terms, infringement of consumers' right to choose and fair trade, infringement of consumers' privacy rights. This paper makes a legal analysis of each kind and points out the ways of ex post relief. The risk of issuing and accepting prepaid cards mainly includes the risk of settling the misappropriation of funds, the risk of money laundering, the risk of corruption and the risk of tax administration. This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of various risks, and finds a starting point for the implementation of effective regulatory measures. The third part is the supervision countermeasure of prepaid card. Aiming at the risk of prepaid card consumption, this paper puts forward some supervision countermeasures, such as setting up model contract text, setting up "blacklist" system and clarifying the responsibility of consumer protection association. In view of the risk of issuing and accepting prepaid cards, this paper first analyzes the real name system of purchase cards, non-cash purchase card system and other countermeasures, and then according to the differences between multi-purpose prepaid cards and single-use prepaid cards, discusses the qualifications of the issuers respectively. Management of funds, anti-money laundering obligations, tax management and other aspects of regulatory countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F832.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張仁杰;預(yù)付費(fèi)消費(fèi)的法律規(guī)制[D];大連海事大學(xué);2013年

本文編號(hào)：1454503