本文關(guān)鍵詞：外資進(jìn)入對(duì)中國壽險(xiǎn)業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)、行為和績效的影響研究　出處：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：外資保險(xiǎn)公司在國內(nèi)保險(xiǎn)市場的作用是政策制定者們極為關(guān)注的話題。在過去的三、四十年間,最為普遍的一種觀點(diǎn)是認(rèn)為對(duì)于外資保險(xiǎn)公司的進(jìn)入即使沒有全面禁止,也應(yīng)給予相當(dāng)程度的政策限制以保護(hù)本國保險(xiǎn)市場的穩(wěn)定。因此,許多國家都在一定程度上限制了外資保險(xiǎn)公司在本國的投資與經(jīng)營,保險(xiǎn)市場大多表現(xiàn)出壟斷或寡頭壟斷的市場結(jié)構(gòu)。然而,這種狀況正隨著越來越多的國家金融自由化改革的深入而逐漸改變。到目前為止,全球已有70多個(gè)國家實(shí)現(xiàn)了資本的自由流動(dòng)。伴隨著與貿(mào)易相關(guān)的國內(nèi)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)體的改革,許多國家逐步開放了商品和金融服務(wù)市場,從前飽受詬病的外商直接投資,現(xiàn)今正受到熱烈的追捧,關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘逐漸降低,國有企業(yè)股份制改革、私有化程度加深,許多政府都對(duì)金融行業(yè)尤其是保險(xiǎn)業(yè)放松了政策管制。然而,這種金融自由化所帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與弊端卻不容忽視,對(duì)于尚未完全成熟的國內(nèi)市場,特別是金融服務(wù)和保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)來說,外資的進(jìn)入仍會(huì)給本國的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來相當(dāng)程度的沖擊。 中國作為新興國家,壽險(xiǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展也不過二十幾年,無法與歐美發(fā)達(dá)國家保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)近百年的發(fā)展史相提并論。但自我國恢復(fù)國內(nèi)壽險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)以來,行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,經(jīng)營主體數(shù)量和保費(fèi)收入不斷增加,經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償、資金融通和社會(huì)管理功能不斷發(fā)展與豐富,在社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中也扮演著越來越重要的角色。年均保費(fèi)規(guī)模從1999年的140.6億元人民幣增長到2009年的1.137萬億元人民幣,平均以每年27%的速度擴(kuò)張,2010年中國保險(xiǎn)市場保費(fèi)規(guī)模已躍居世界第六位,且隨著人口的不斷增長和國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,這一數(shù)字將會(huì)繼續(xù)攀升。據(jù)瑞士再保險(xiǎn)公司的預(yù)計(jì),到2021年,中國將成為全球僅次于美國的第二大壽險(xiǎn)和非壽險(xiǎn)市場。中國能夠成為全球保費(fèi)規(guī)模增長最快的地區(qū),外資的力量功不可沒。外國保險(xiǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展早于我國,整體機(jī)制更加完善,而外資保險(xiǎn)公司是按照它在母國的要求來經(jīng)營操作,這對(duì)中資公司起到了很強(qiáng)的示范效應(yīng),不僅促進(jìn)中國保險(xiǎn)市場競爭機(jī)制的完善,還推動(dòng)了我國保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)的規(guī)范化。2001年底,我國成為世界貿(mào)易組織的成員國,保險(xiǎn)業(yè)作為金融行業(yè)的排頭兵率先實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)外開放,承諾允許外國公司更順利地進(jìn)入中國市場,具體措施包括允許外國壽險(xiǎn)公司設(shè)立分支機(jī)構(gòu)或外資持股50%的合資公司、取消業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營的地域限制等。外資保險(xiǎn)公司的進(jìn)入給我國壽險(xiǎn)市場帶來了前所未有的影響,不僅使國內(nèi)保險(xiǎn)公司在承保、營銷、定價(jià)、投資等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)W習(xí)到了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn),更為中國壽險(xiǎn)市場競爭機(jī)制與市場監(jiān)管的完善起到了重大的推動(dòng)作用。 本文綜合運(yùn)用了理論分析與實(shí)證分析這兩種經(jīng)濟(jì)分析的基本方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)定量分析與定性分析相結(jié)合。首先,本文從定性分析出發(fā),分析了外資進(jìn)入我國保險(xiǎn)市場的現(xiàn)狀,為后續(xù)研究外資進(jìn)入對(duì)壽險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響建立理論支撐。其次,在定性分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文利用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)定量研究,從市場結(jié)構(gòu)、市場行為和市場績效三個(gè)方面對(duì)外資進(jìn)入的影響加以具體分析。市場結(jié)構(gòu)方面,從進(jìn)入壁壘、市場集中度和產(chǎn)品差異化程度三個(gè)角度入手,深入分析了我國壽險(xiǎn)市場結(jié)構(gòu)的演變歷史及未來發(fā)展趨勢；市場行為方面,外資的進(jìn)入不僅引入了西方先進(jìn)的管理思想、經(jīng)營模式和產(chǎn)品研發(fā)技術(shù)等,其穩(wěn)健的經(jīng)營作風(fēng)也促進(jìn)了國內(nèi)壽險(xiǎn)公司競爭行為的理性化；市場績效方面,本文從行業(yè)層面和公司層面兩個(gè)層次分析了外資的進(jìn)入效應(yīng),并通過運(yùn)用財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)分析法和多元回歸模型法為實(shí)證結(jié)論提供了充分的分析依據(jù)。本文最后依據(jù)我國壽險(xiǎn)公司的實(shí)際經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)外資進(jìn)入效應(yīng)的實(shí)證分析結(jié)果,提出了幾點(diǎn)建議：立足本國國情,逐步調(diào)整對(duì)合資壽險(xiǎn)公司股權(quán)比例的限制；穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)國內(nèi)壽險(xiǎn)公司“走出去”戰(zhàn)略；監(jiān)管政策引導(dǎo),逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域平衡發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The role of foreign insurance companies in the domestic insurance market is that policymakers are very concerned about the topic. In the past three, forty years, one of the most common view is that even the entry of foreign insurance companies have banned, should also be given a considerable degree of policy restrictions to protect the stability of the domestic insurance market. Therefore, many countries have to some extent limit the investment and operation of foreign insurance companies in the country, the insurance market showing mostly monopolistic or oligopolistic market structure. However, this situation is with the nation's financial liberalization reform more and more deeply and gradually changing. So far, there are more than 70 countries in the world the realization of the free flow of capital. With the reform of domestic micro economy and trade related, many countries have gradually opened the market for goods and financial service, once criticized Foreign direct investment, it warmly pursued, tariff and non-tariff trade barriers are gradually reduced, the state owned enterprise reform, privatization degree deepens, many governments of the financial sector, especially the insurance industry to relax the policy control. However, risks and drawbacks of this kind of financial liberalization can not be ignored, for not yet fully mature domestic market, especially the financial services and insurance industries, foreign investment will bring considerable impact to the national economy.
Chinese as the emerging countries, the development of the life insurance industry is only 20 years, not in western developed countries and the insurance industry development history in the last hundred years. But since the recovery in domestic life insurance business, the rapid development of the industry, the number of business entities and the premium income increase, economic compensation, financing and social management functions to develop and enrich and in the social and economic life is playing an increasingly important role. The average annual premium growth from 14 billion 60 million yuan in 1999 to 1 trillion and 137 billion yuan in 2009, an average annual rate of 27% in 2010 Chinese insurance market expansion, the premium scale has been ranked sixth in the world, and with the increase of population and rapid development of the domestic economy and this figure will continue to rise. It is expected that the Swiss Reinsurance Company in 2021, Chinese will become the world's second after the United States Life insurance and non life insurance market. Chinese can become the world's fastest growing premium scale area, the power of foreign capital is not. The development of foreign insurance industry in China, the whole mechanism is more perfect, and the foreign insurance company is in accordance with the requirements of it at home to operate, this is a strong demonstration effect for domestic companies, not only improve the competition mechanism China insurance market, but also to promote the standardization of China's insurance industry, the end of.2001, China has become a member of the world trade organization, the insurance industry as the vanguard of the financial industry to realize the opening to the outside world, committed to allowing foreign companies to enter the market China, specific include foreign life insurance companies are allowed to set up branches or foreign owned 50% of the joint venture company, cancel the business and geographical restrictions. The entry of foreign insurance companies to China's life insurance market has brought The unprecedented impact not only made domestic insurance companies learn advanced technology and management experience in various fields such as underwriting, marketing, pricing, investment and so on, but also played a significant role in promoting China's life insurance market competition mechanism and market supervision.
This paper uses theoretical analysis and empirical analysis of the basic method of analysis of the two kinds of economy, realize the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. Firstly, this paper starts from the qualitative analysis, analyzes the current situation of foreign investment into China's insurance market, to establish a theoretical support for the research into the impact of foreign life insurance industry. Secondly, in on the basis of qualitative analysis, this paper uses statistical data related to quantitative research, from three aspects of market structure, market behavior and market performance of detailed analysis on influence of the entry of foreign capital. The structure of the market, from the entry barriers, market concentration degree and three degree angle of product differentiation, in-depth analysis of the history and evolution the future development trend of China's life insurance market structure; market behavior, the entry of foreign capital is not only the introduction of the western advanced management idea, management mode and product development technology etc., The sound management style promotes rational competitive behavior of domestic life insurance companies; market performance, this paper analyzes the effect of the entry of foreign capital from the two levels of the industry level and company level, and by using the financial index analysis and multiple regression model theory provides the basis for the empirical analysis. Finally, on the basis of the actual operation situation of China's life insurance companies and foreign investment into effect on the empirical analysis results, we put forward some suggestions: Based on the national conditions, gradually adjust the percentage of the equity joint venture life insurance company limited; steadily promote the domestic life insurance companies to "go out" strategy; regulatory policy guidance, and gradually realize the balanced development of the region.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F842.6;F832.6;F224

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