本文關(guān)鍵詞：從需求角度看我國農(nóng)村金融體系的完善　出處：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 農(nóng)村金融 農(nóng)村金融需求 農(nóng)村金融供給 供求失衡

【摘要】：中國是典型的“二元經(jīng)濟(jì)”特征國家,農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)作為整個國民經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的重要組成部分,有著舉足輕重的地位。而農(nóng)村金融是現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的核心,在促進(jìn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、提高農(nóng)戶生活水平等方面,發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。 改革開放以來,我國的農(nóng)村金融體系歷經(jīng)改革,在取得成績的同時,依然存在著不少的問題,比如尚未建立真正意義上的合作金融、農(nóng)村政策性金融的缺失、商業(yè)性金融從農(nóng)村地區(qū)的退出,同時伴隨了農(nóng)村地區(qū)的資金大量外流,嚴(yán)重制約了我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展以及農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)型和升級。歷次改革的舉措雖多,但大多是在“機(jī)構(gòu)觀”指導(dǎo)下的主要圍繞正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)整與改革,以及對于非正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的清理和整頓。改革的重心過多放在了金融機(jī)構(gòu)的存在形態(tài)和隸屬關(guān)系上,卻忽略了現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下農(nóng)村需求主體對于金融資源多元化和多層次的需求,實(shí)施的是極為典型的“自上而下”的強(qiáng)制路徑改革,行政干預(yù)過多。改革的結(jié)果必然事與愿違,難以從根本上提高我國農(nóng)村金融的效率,也難以最終滿足農(nóng)戶和農(nóng)村企業(yè)的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求。 滿足農(nóng)戶和農(nóng)村企業(yè)的金融需求,是改革和完善我國農(nóng)村金融體系的出發(fā)點(diǎn),也是終極的檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此,本文從主體的需求角度出發(fā),分析了影響我國農(nóng)村金融需求的各類因素,同時在將農(nóng)村金融需求按照主體和用途進(jìn)行劃分的基礎(chǔ)上,對于不同主體的需求進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的分析。接下來,本文對于我國當(dāng)前的農(nóng)村金融需求特征進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究,同時分析了當(dāng)前農(nóng)村金融供給的現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)之上,得出了我國農(nóng)村金融市場供求失衡的結(jié)論,并進(jìn)一步揭示了原因和可能的解決辦法。最后,在借鑒美國、德國和印度的優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)之上,具體結(jié)合我國實(shí)情,筆者認(rèn)為走一條“自下而上”的改革之路,針對基層主體的需求進(jìn)行深入細(xì)致的分析,構(gòu)建多元化的農(nóng)村金融組織,施以配套制度的完善,才能從根本上完善我國的農(nóng)村金融體系,滿足農(nóng)村需求主體的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求,促進(jìn)我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China is a typical "dual economy" characteristic country, rural economy as an important part of the entire national economic system, has a pivotal position, and rural finance is the core of the modern rural economy. It plays an important role in promoting the development of rural economy, promoting the upgrading of agricultural industry and improving the living standard of farmers. Since the reform and opening up, our country's rural financial system has been reformed, and at the same time, there are still many problems, such as the absence of real cooperative finance and the lack of rural policy-oriented finance. The withdrawal of commercial finance from rural areas was accompanied by a large outflow of capital from rural areas. It has seriously restricted the further development of rural economy and the transformation and upgrading of agricultural structure. But mostly under the guidance of "institutional view", it mainly revolves around the adjustment and reform of formal financial institutions. And for the informal financial institutions to clean up and rectify. The focus of the reform is too much on the existence of financial institutions and the relationship between the existence. However, it ignores the diversified and multi-level demand for financial resources of the main body of rural demand under the modern economic conditions, and implements a very typical "top-down" compulsory path reform. Administrative intervention is excessive. The result of the reform will inevitably backfire, it is difficult to fundamentally improve the efficiency of rural finance in our country, and it is difficult to finally meet the actual needs of farmers and rural enterprises. To meet the financial needs of farmers and rural enterprises is the starting point to reform and improve our country's rural financial system and the ultimate test standard. At the same time, on the basis of classifying the rural financial demand according to the main body and the use, the paper makes a detailed analysis of the needs of different subjects. This article has carried on the detailed research to the current rural finance demand characteristic of our country, at the same time has analyzed the present situation of the rural finance supply, on the basis of this, has drawn the conclusion that our country rural financial market supply and demand is out of balance. And further revealed the reasons and possible solutions. Finally, on the basis of the good experience of the United States, Germany and India, the specific combination of the facts of our country, the author believes that a "bottom-up" road of reform. According to the needs of the main body of the grass-roots in-depth and meticulous analysis, the construction of diversified rural financial organizations, the implementation of a supporting system of perfection, can fundamentally improve the rural financial system in China. To meet the real needs of the main rural demand, promote the further development of our rural economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F832.35

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