本文選題：畫院　切入點：宋代　出處：《天津大學》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：宋代和明代是中國宮廷畫院歷史上的發(fā)展活躍期。宋明兩代存在許多共同點,例如,它們都是大一統(tǒng)的漢族政權,統(tǒng)治時間都是300年左右,思想基礎都是儒家學說,均執(zhí)行重文輕武的政策,等等。明代比宋代更具備時代的優(yōu)勢,在畫院發(fā)展水平的比較中也應該占據優(yōu)勢,然而事實卻恰恰相反。在前人的研究成果中大都是單個朝代畫院研究,并沒有對比研究。本文的目的就是通過對比研究宋明兩代的畫院制度和畫家,找出宋明畫院水平發(fā)展差異的原因,并研究其對現(xiàn)代工筆畫發(fā)展的啟示。 在宋明兩代畫院制度的對比中,本文分別對畫院的體制、職官待遇和錄取制度進行了研究。在對畫家的對比中,分別對畫家規(guī)模、畫家來源和畫家關系進行了研究。找到七條影響宋明畫院水平差異的原因,屬于外部因素的有:運行體制的因素、畫家待遇因素、錄取制度因素、皇帝態(tài)度因素;屬于內部因素的有:畫家規(guī)模因素、畫家來源因素和畫家態(tài)度因素。在兩代畫院的發(fā)展過程中,由于在這七方面的差異,導致了明代畫院發(fā)展水平低于宋代的結果。 在對畫家的研究中,本文使用了數(shù)據統(tǒng)計分析方法,找到了對宋明兩代歷朝皇帝對畫院重視程度能夠進行量化對比的方式。 本文認為導致宋明兩代畫院發(fā)展水平明弱宋強的因素對現(xiàn)代工筆畫發(fā)展也具有重要的啟示。通過以上研究總結出對現(xiàn)代工筆畫持續(xù)發(fā)展的啟示,包括對畫家地位的認定、美術院校的綜合化、畫家職稱評定的利弊和美術展覽的導向;對畫家的啟示,包括畫家的服務對象和畫家的創(chuàng)作態(tài)度。
[Abstract]:Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty were the active period of development in the history of Chinese court painting academy.Song Ming had a lot in common, for example, they were unified Han regime, ruling for about 300 years, the ideological basis is Confucianism, they all carry out the policy of attaching importance to literature rather than force, and so on.The Ming Dynasty had the advantage of the times more than the Song Dynasty, and it should also occupy the advantage in the comparison of the development level of the painting Academy, however, the fact is quite the opposite.In the previous research results are mostly a single dynasty painting school research, and there is no comparative study.The purpose of this paper is to find out the reasons for the difference in the level development of Song Ming painting institute and to study its enlightenment to the development of modern fine brushwork through the comparative study of Song Ming's two generations of painting school system and painters.In the comparison of Song Ming's two generations of painting school system, this paper studies the system of painting school, the treatment of official and the admission system respectively.In the contrast of painters, the scale of painters, the origin of painters and the relationship between painters are studied.To find out the reasons for the difference in the quality of Song Ming's painting institute, the external factors are: the operating system, the painter's treatment, the admission system, the emperor's attitude, and the internal factors: the painter's scale.Painter source factor and painter attitude factor.In the course of the development of the two generations, due to the differences in these seven aspects, the development level of the painting academy in the Ming Dynasty was lower than that in the Song Dynasty.In the study of painters, this paper uses the method of statistical analysis to find a way to quantify and compare the importance attached to the painting academy by the emperors of the two dynasties of Song Ming.This paper holds that the factors leading to the development level of Song Ming's two generation painting schools are also of great significance to the development of modern fine brushwork.Through the above studies summarized the inspiration to the sustainable development of modern fine brushwork, including the recognition of the status of the painter, the integration of art colleges, the pros and cons of the artist's professional title evaluation and the guidance of the art exhibition; the inspiration to the painter,Including the painter's service object and artist's creative attitude.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：J209.2

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