發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-03 18:55

【摘要】：射頻識(shí)別（RFID，，Radio Frequency Identification）技術(shù)是一種非接觸式自動(dòng)識(shí)別技術(shù)。射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT，Internet of Things）的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一，被廣泛應(yīng)用在數(shù)據(jù)采集和商品識(shí)別領(lǐng)域。今天，隨著物流供應(yīng)鏈中物品種類以及數(shù)量的急速增長，迫切需要閱讀器在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)高效率、快速地識(shí)別閱讀器可識(shí)別范圍內(nèi)的大量標(biāo)簽。這也導(dǎo)致了標(biāo)簽閱讀沖突而造成系統(tǒng)識(shí)別效率低下問題。然而，系統(tǒng)中由于諸多原因會(huì)引起捕獲效應(yīng)，例如系統(tǒng)中標(biāo)簽距離閱讀器的遠(yuǎn)近差異，而如何利用捕獲效應(yīng)提高系統(tǒng)識(shí)別效率成了RFID領(lǐng)域最炙手可熱的研究課題。 本文基于動(dòng)態(tài)幀時(shí)隙ALOHA協(xié)議（DFSA， Dynamic Framed SlottedALOHA），針對(duì)具有捕獲效應(yīng)的被動(dòng)式RFID系統(tǒng)防沖突標(biāo)簽估計(jì)算法進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)性研究。本文提出了：（1）一種考慮捕獲效應(yīng)的防沖突標(biāo)簽數(shù)估計(jì)算法：2-DBayes算法，該算法觀測(cè)并統(tǒng)計(jì)空時(shí)隙、成功時(shí)隙以及沖突時(shí)隙數(shù)，通過二維最大化后驗(yàn)概率搜索估計(jì)系統(tǒng)待識(shí)別標(biāo)簽數(shù)以及當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)捕獲效應(yīng)概率值；（2）一種考慮捕獲效應(yīng)下的低計(jì)算復(fù)雜度的標(biāo)簽數(shù)估計(jì)算法：CAE（Capture-awareEstimation）算法，該算法通過觀測(cè)空時(shí)隙數(shù)來估計(jì)系統(tǒng)中的標(biāo)簽數(shù)，然后通過所得標(biāo)簽數(shù)估計(jì)值來估計(jì)系統(tǒng)的捕獲效應(yīng)概率值；（3）一種解決在空時(shí)隙數(shù)為零的情況下傳統(tǒng)算法均失效的幀長重調(diào)算法：ECAE（Enhanced Capture-awareEstimation）算法，該算法通過bit-slot方法詢問待識(shí)別標(biāo)簽，并通過設(shè)置最小概率事件閾值進(jìn)行擴(kuò)幀，快速有效地使空時(shí)隙數(shù)不為零，保證了CAE算法的有效性；（4）一種非等長時(shí)隙條件下的線性最優(yōu)幀長設(shè)置方案，該方案兼容ISO18000-6c標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和EPC C1Gen2標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即各個(gè)時(shí)隙非等時(shí)長；（5）給出了非等長時(shí)隙條件下動(dòng)態(tài)幀時(shí)隙ALOHA防沖突協(xié)議。
[Abstract]:Radio frequency identification (RFID,Radio Frequency Identification) technology is a contactless automatic identification technology. As one of the key technologies of Internet of things (IoT,Internet of Things), RFID technology is widely used in the field of data acquisition and commodity identification. Today, with the rapid growth of the variety and quantity of goods in the logistics supply chain, it is urgent for readers to identify a large number of tags in the recognizable range of readers efficiently in a short period of time. This also leads to the conflict of label reading, which leads to the inefficiency of system recognition. However, due to many reasons, the capture effect will be caused, such as the distance between the tag and the reader in the system, and how to use the capture effect to improve the system recognition efficiency has become the most popular research topic in the field of RFID. In this paper, based on the dynamic frame slot ALOHA protocol (DFSA, Dynamic Framed SlottedALOHA), the algorithm of anti-collision label estimation for passive RFID systems with capture effect is systematically studied. In this paper, we propose: (1) an anti-collision label number estimation algorithm considering capture effect: 2-DBayes algorithm, which observes and counts space-time slot, successful time slot and conflict slot number, estimates the number of tags to be identified by two-dimensional maximization posterior probability search and the probability value of capture effect of the current system; (2) A label number estimation algorithm (: CAE (Capture-awareEstimation), which considers the low computational complexity under the acquisition effect, which estimates the number of tags in the system by observing the number of voids, and then estimates the probability value of the acquisition effect by the estimated number of tags. (3): ECAE (Enhanced Capture-awareEstimation) algorithm, which solves the problem that the traditional algorithm fails when the space-time slot number is zero. The algorithm asks the label to be identified by bit-slot method, and extends the frame by setting the minimum probability event threshold to make the space-time slot number not zero quickly and effectively, which ensures the effectiveness of the CAE algorithm. (4) A linear optimal frame length setting scheme under the condition of non-equal length time slot, which is compatible with ISO18000-6c standard and EPC C1Gen2 standard, that is, each time slot is not equal time length; (5) the dynamic frame slot ALOHA anti-collision protocol under the condition of non-equal length time slot is given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44

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