【摘要】：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)、采購模式正面臨兩方面的轉(zhuǎn)變：一方面,人們隨著生活水平的快速提升,對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求變得越來越高。近幾年“農(nóng)超對(duì)接”的逐步開展,使得農(nóng)產(chǎn)品直接進(jìn)入零售商(在我國,主要涉及連鎖超市,便利商店等)的勢(shì)頭越來越猛,極大方便了市民生活,提升了零售商的人氣和銷量,也有效增加了農(nóng)民收入,但隨之而來也面臨許多問題,例如,農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的損耗、庫存成本較高、激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等問題,一直成為零售商農(nóng)產(chǎn)品銷售面臨的棘手難題。另一方面,現(xiàn)代家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化使消費(fèi)者對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品服務(wù)的要求也不斷提高,消費(fèi)者正在形成一種“不只關(guān)注基本效用,而且更加關(guān)注食品安全”全新的消費(fèi)觀念。因此,研究如何控制損耗來確定農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)鏈的最優(yōu)訂購以及食品安全問題具有重要的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。首先,本文針對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品實(shí)體損耗一直困擾著零售商經(jīng)營這一難題,從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品優(yōu)化視角出發(fā),研究了由單零售商和單供應(yīng)商組成的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品訂購問題。在零售商一次提前訂購基礎(chǔ)上,分別建立了供應(yīng)商一次供貨和二次供貨模型。經(jīng)比較得到,二次供貨增加了最優(yōu)訂購量,并有效提高了供應(yīng)鏈成員的最大期望利潤。由于加大存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備投入在目前我國零售商經(jīng)營管理中很難在短期內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn),因此二次供貨對(duì)于解決農(nóng)產(chǎn)品實(shí)體損耗具有極大地可操作性,研究結(jié)論對(duì)我國進(jìn)一步深入“農(nóng)超對(duì)接”具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。其次,本文從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全視角出發(fā),構(gòu)建了一個(gè)“政府-生產(chǎn)企業(yè)”農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管博弈模型。根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)實(shí)國情,針對(duì)政府不同監(jiān)管模式,采用演化博弈理論建立復(fù)制動(dòng)態(tài)方程,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性分析,得到：生產(chǎn)企業(yè)是否采取違規(guī)行為主要由三方面因素控制,即違規(guī)懲罰力度、第三方監(jiān)管力度與監(jiān)管成功率,三個(gè)要素相輔相成,缺一不可；政府部門若能在演化博弈過渡時(shí)期審時(shí)度勢(shì)、分階段實(shí)施不同措施,就可以有效遏制企業(yè)的違規(guī)行為。通過以上的研究,為進(jìn)一步解決我國農(nóng)產(chǎn)品問題提供一些政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the production and purchasing mode of agricultural products are facing two changes: on the one hand, with the rapid improvement of living standards, the demand for agricultural products becomes higher and higher. In recent years, with the gradual development of "Agricultural Super-docking", the direct entry of agricultural products into retailers (in our country, mainly involving supermarket chains, convenience stores, etc.) has become more and more fierce, and has greatly facilitated the lives of citizens. It has increased the popularity and sales of retailers, effectively increased farmers' income, but also faced many problems, such as the depletion of agricultural products, high inventory costs, fierce market competition, and so on. It has been a difficult problem for retailers to sell agricultural products. On the other hand, with the change of modern family structure, consumers' demand for agricultural products service is also increasing, and consumers are forming a new concept of "not only paying attention to basic utility, but also paying more attention to food safety". Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study how to control losses to determine the optimal ordering of agricultural product supply chain and food safety. Firstly, in view of the problem that the entity loss of agricultural products has been puzzling retailers, this paper studies the ordering problem of agricultural products composed of single retailer and single supplier from the perspective of agricultural product optimization. On the basis of one advance order, the model of primary supply and secondary supply are established respectively. Through comparison, it is found that secondary supply increases the optimal order quantity and effectively increases the maximum expected profit of supply chain members. Since increasing the investment of storage equipment is difficult to realize in the short term in the management of retailers in our country, the secondary supply has great maneuverability to solve the entity loss of agricultural products. The research conclusion has certain guiding significance to our country's further development of "Agricultural Chao docking". Secondly, from the perspective of agricultural product quality and safety, this paper constructs a game model of "government-production enterprise" agricultural product quality and safety supervision. According to the actual situation of our country, according to the different supervision mode of the government, the dynamic equation of reproduction is established by evolutionary game theory, and the stability of the equation is analyzed. It is concluded that whether the production enterprise adopts the illegal behavior is mainly controlled by three factors. That is, the punishment of violation, the third party supervision and the success rate of supervision, the three elements complement each other, which is indispensable; If the government can judge the situation in the transitional period of evolutionary game and implement different measures in stages, it can effectively curb the illegal behavior of enterprises. Through the above research, to further solve the problem of agricultural products in China to provide some policy recommendations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F322;F326.6

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本文編號(hào)：2381372