【摘要】：交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)在人們的日常生活中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。近幾年,隨著城市的擴張,越來越多的人涌入城市,城市內(nèi)部的交通需求越來越大。另外,隨著居民收入的升高,城市之間的社會活動日漸頻繁。隨著城市人口與私家車的迅速增加,城市交通遇到了前所未有的困難與挑戰(zhàn)。交通擁堵現(xiàn)象日益嚴重,不僅造成了資源的浪費,同時對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了嚴重的污染。在交通系統(tǒng)中,道路的設(shè)計、建設(shè)和使用,對用戶行為有著重要的影響。合理的交通系統(tǒng)能夠在一定程度上減輕道路擁堵現(xiàn)象。因此,如何設(shè)計高效,費用低,容錯率高的網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為擺在我們面前的一個亟待解決的問題。 根據(jù)最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),一種名為多頭絨泡菌(Physarum polycephalum)的單細胞生物在網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計、分析與優(yōu)化方面展現(xiàn)出了驚人的智能特性。在生物實驗中,它所設(shè)計出的連接各食物源的覓食管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)在成本、效率和容錯性等方面都堪比實際的東京鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò)。因此,本文提出了基于智能仿生對象-多頭絨泡菌的網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化機理,構(gòu)提出了構(gòu)建交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的模型。 本文首先對多頭絨泡菌路徑尋優(yōu)模型進行了拓展,提出了有向網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的多頭絨泡菌路徑尋優(yōu)模型�；诖四Ｐ�,結(jié)合用戶的需求情況,建立了路網(wǎng)設(shè)計模型,并且將其應(yīng)用到Mexio路網(wǎng),中國高速路網(wǎng)以及供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)的設(shè)計當中。最后,通過具體的參數(shù)指標對構(gòu)建的網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行了評估。具體來說,本文的工作可以分為以下幾個部分：(1)將多頭絨泡菌路徑尋優(yōu)模型擴展到有向網(wǎng)絡(luò)中 針對原有模型僅僅適用于無向網(wǎng)絡(luò)的缺陷,我們對其進行了拓展。通過修改基爾霍夫定律,嵌入檢查程序(一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)邊的方向信息與對應(yīng)的節(jié)點壓力信息不符時,我們將這條邊的流量修改為0),我們建立了多頭絨泡菌解決有向網(wǎng)絡(luò)路徑尋優(yōu)的模型。同時,我們證明了該模型的收斂性,并且與Dijkstra算法進行了對比。(2)基于多頭絨泡菌的最短路徑樹算法 基于有向網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的多頭絨泡菌模型,我們進一步進行了改進。我們將最短路徑樹中的根節(jié)點當作起點,其他的節(jié)點當作終點,利用多頭絨泡菌算法解決了最短路徑樹問題。通過在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的測試,多頭絨泡菌模型得到的結(jié)果有效。(3)在動態(tài)網(wǎng)路中,基于多頭絨泡菌的最短路徑樹模型 在實際中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)的權(quán)重會隨著時間而發(fā)生變化,因此,在這種情況下,如何重建最短路徑樹成為一個值得研究的問題。針對傳統(tǒng)算法的缺陷,我們從權(quán)重增加、權(quán)重減少以及權(quán)重 混合變化三個方面研究了多頭絨泡菌算法的自適應(yīng)性。我們通過在不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上測試之后并 且與其他算法相比較,實驗結(jié)果表明我們提出的算法準確有效。(4)基于多頭絨泡菌的路網(wǎng)設(shè)計模型多頭絨泡菌在覓食的過程中,既要消耗能量,又會從周圍的環(huán)境中攝取能量,因此,它 在不斷調(diào)整自身的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)使之達到最優(yōu)。利用該機制,我們基于初始的O-D需求,我們通 過多頭絨泡菌算法迭代一次,記錄此時的流量矩陣,再利用多頭絨泡菌模型進行優(yōu)化。我們 成功的將該模型應(yīng)用到Mexico路網(wǎng)以及中國高速路網(wǎng),通過過濾流量閾值的方式構(gòu)建了不同 的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,我們通過相關(guān)的參數(shù)分析了這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)的優(yōu)劣。(5)將多頭絨泡菌應(yīng)用到供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計在供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)中邊的花費會隨著流量的大小而變化。我們充分利用了多頭絨泡 菌流量變化的連續(xù)性以及多頭絨泡菌的自適應(yīng)性來求解該問題。
[Abstract]:The traffic network plays an important role in people's daily life. In recent years, with the expansion of the city, more and more people have poured into the city, and the traffic demand inside the city is getting more and more large. In addition, with the rise of the income of the residents, the social activities among the cities are becoming more and more frequent. With the rapid increase of the urban population and the private car, the urban traffic has encountered an unprecedented difficulty and challenge. The phenomenon of traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious, which not only causes the waste of resources, but also has serious pollution to the environment. In the traffic system, the design, construction and use of the road have an important influence on the user's behavior. A reasonable transportation system can reduce the road congestion to a certain extent. Therefore, how to design a network with high efficiency, low cost and high fault tolerance becomes an urgent problem to be solved before us. According to a recent study, a single-cell organism called Physarum polyphylum has shown an amazing intelligence in the design, analysis and optimization of the network Characteristics. In a biological experiment, the network of feed-feed pipelines to which each food source is designed is comparable to the actual Tokyo railway in terms of cost, efficiency, and fault tolerance. Therefore, this paper puts forward the network optimization mechanism based on the intelligent bionic object-multi-head velour, and put forward the construction of the traffic network. In this paper, the paper first on the development of the optimal model of the multi-head corduroy, and put forward the multi-head velvet-producing way in the network. Based on this model, the road network design model is established and applied to the Mexio road network, China's high-speed road network and the supply chain network. and finally, through the specific parameter index to the constructed network, In particular, the work of this paper can be divided into the following parts: (1). to a defect that is only available to the network for the original model in the network, I By modifying the Kirchhoff's law, the embedded check program (once the direction of the discovery edge does not match the corresponding node pressure information, we change the flow of this edge to 0), and we have set up a multi-headed pile to solve the problem In the same time, we prove the convergence of the model, and it is related to Dijkstr. a. The algorithm is compared. (2) Based on the multi-head fleece The shortest path tree algorithm of the bacteria is based on the multi-head-pile-cell model in the network We have further improved. We use the root node in the shortest path tree as the starting point, and the other nodes are used as the end points. The method solves the problem of the shortest path tree. and (3) in a dynamic network, In practice, the shortest path tree model of the head-pile bacteria is in practice, and the weight of the network changes over time, so how to rebuild the shortest path in this case The path tree becomes a problem worthy of study. For the defects of the traditional algorithm, I the weights are increased, the weight is reduced, and the weight mixing changes three In this paper, the self-adaptation of the multi-head velour algorithm is studied in this paper. sex. By testing on different networks and with other algorithms The results show that the proposed algorithm is accurate and effective. Energy, in turn, takes energy from the surrounding environment, so it makes it the most important to constantly adjust its network structure Excellent. With this mechanism, we are based on the initial O-D requirements, we have passed through a multi-head pile-bubble algorithm to iterate one step. times, Record the flow matrix at this time, and then use the multi-head velvet model for optimization. We successfully applied the model to the Mx ico road network and medium The country's high-speed road network is constructed differently by filtering the flow threshold In addition, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of these networks through related parameters. The design of the chain network in the supply chain network In the network, the cost of the edge in the network varies with the size of the traffic. We make full use of
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.1;TP301.6

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本文編號：2336297