【摘要】：隨著后工業(yè)時(shí)代的到來,人們的物質(zhì)和文化生活步入極大豐富化階段,相應(yīng)而生的是環(huán)境質(zhì)量的日益惡化,尤其是二氧化碳等溫室氣體濃度的上升,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重威脅到人類的生存和發(fā)展,可以預(yù)見全社會(huì)對(duì)于低碳問題的關(guān)注將會(huì)越來越高。碳排放與霧霾同源,有協(xié)同減排的效果,越來越多的國家已經(jīng)將低碳管理納入到其發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略之中。而供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)翘寂欧抛钪饕妮d體,故低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理是一個(gè)非常值得關(guān)注的課題。從企業(yè)的角度來看,無論是出于政策壓力(如碳稅機(jī)制、碳配額與交易機(jī)制等)、企業(yè)責(zé)任感(如商譽(yù)、企業(yè)形象等)還是顧客低碳消費(fèi)激勵(lì)(如低碳產(chǎn)品溢價(jià)、低碳產(chǎn)品需求量更高)原因,低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理都是必經(jīng)之路。低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理的核心目標(biāo)就是減少整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈的碳排放,圍繞這一目標(biāo),不同學(xué)者從產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)流通角度、供應(yīng)鏈成員協(xié)同優(yōu)化角度、碳排放政策制定和應(yīng)用角度、顧客消費(fèi)偏好角度、供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)特征角度等多個(gè)視角,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了一系列的研究,并取得了一定成果。然而,目前對(duì)低碳供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作管理的研究大多是針對(duì)供應(yīng)鏈的某一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)如生產(chǎn)、選址、庫存、運(yùn)輸?shù)?鮮有學(xué)者兼顧了戰(zhàn)略、戰(zhàn)術(shù)和運(yùn)作層的決策,將低碳選址-路徑-庫存集成為一個(gè)整體進(jìn)行研究。此外,從已有研究成果來看,大多學(xué)者研究了碳配額與交易機(jī)制、碳稅機(jī)制等碳排放監(jiān)管機(jī)制下的供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)作優(yōu)化問題,而很少考慮其他減排驅(qū)動(dòng)下供應(yīng)鏈的減排效果。且碳配額、碳交易價(jià)格、碳稅率等均為外生變量,已有學(xué)者指出大量的主觀賦值會(huì)導(dǎo)致問題結(jié)果的失真,降低科學(xué)問題的客觀性和準(zhǔn)確性。因此,對(duì)于基于減排驅(qū)動(dòng)下的選址-路徑-庫存問題的研究,不僅具有豐富的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值,還具有理論上的前沿性和探索性。本文對(duì)基于碳減排驅(qū)動(dòng)的選址-路徑-庫存問題,進(jìn)行了理論與應(yīng)用的研究,主要開展了以下四方面的研究工作：(1)給出了低碳選址-路徑-庫存問題的相關(guān)概念及理論基礎(chǔ)。在對(duì)低碳選址-路徑-庫存問題相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)綜述的基礎(chǔ)上,給出了相應(yīng)的概念及理論基礎(chǔ),主要包括：低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理的內(nèi)涵、碳稅機(jī)制、碳配額與交易機(jī)制、選址-路徑-庫存問題的相關(guān)概念及理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)針對(duì)基于碳配額差值的選址-路徑-庫存問題,在給出碳配額差值定義與選址、路徑、庫存各環(huán)節(jié)碳排放量科學(xué)核算的基礎(chǔ)上,提出兩種情形下的低碳化選址-路徑-庫存問題和求解方法。具體地,提煉了同一減排驅(qū)動(dòng)兩種不同的處理方法,分別為：①基于碳配額差值交易價(jià)格可知的選址-路徑-庫存集成問題模型構(gòu)建與求解；②基于碳配額差值的選址-路徑-庫存集成問題多目標(biāo)模型構(gòu)建與求解。(3)針對(duì)道路狀況會(huì)對(duì)供應(yīng)鏈的成本和碳排放量產(chǎn)生非常明顯的影響,提出了路況依賴下的考慮碳排放的選址-路徑-庫存問題,給出了關(guān)于限速和擁堵的假設(shè),并分析了不同路況對(duì)選址-路徑-庫存決策影響。此外,對(duì)受路況影響最為明顯的路徑問題進(jìn)行了更深層次的探討,提出了時(shí)變網(wǎng)絡(luò)下的車輛路徑問題的研究。(4)針對(duì)目前買方市場為主的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,且顧客對(duì)低碳產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)知水平和行為水平都在提高這一事實(shí),在給出顧客有限“碳行為”偏好、環(huán)保水平、低碳溢價(jià)函數(shù)、顧客效用等一系列相關(guān)概念的界定后,提出了兩類研究問題,分別是：①提出了考慮顧客有限“碳行為”偏好的選址-路徑-庫存問題研究；②提出了同時(shí)考慮顧客低碳行為偏好和碳配額稅下的選址-路徑-庫存問題研究。本文提出的碳減排驅(qū)動(dòng)下的選址-路徑-庫存集成問題的研究,豐富并發(fā)展了低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理的相關(guān)理論,為進(jìn)一步開展更為復(fù)雜的低碳供應(yīng)鏈管理理論與方法的研究提供借鑒和指導(dǎo),同時(shí),本文的研究結(jié)果不僅可以輔助企業(yè)在低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下做出恰當(dāng)?shù)臎Q策,還可以為政府減排政策的制定提供一定的啟示,對(duì)推進(jìn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的構(gòu)建具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the coming of the post-industrial era, people's material and cultural life is in a very large-scale stage, and correspondingly, the rising of the environmental quality, especially the rise of greenhouse gas concentration, such as carbon dioxide, has seriously threatened the survival and development of mankind. It is expected that the focus of the whole society on low-carbon issues will be getting higher and higher. Carbon emission is homologous to the haze, with the effect of co-emission reduction, and more and more countries have incorporated low-carbon management into its development strategy. The supply chain is the most important carrier of carbon emission, so the management of low-carbon supply chain is a very important subject. from the point of view of the enterprise, for reasons of policy pressure (such as carbon tax mechanism, carbon quota and trading mechanism, etc.), corporate responsibility (such as goodwill, corporate image, etc.) or low-carbon consumption incentives (e.g., low-carbon product premium, low-carbon product demand), Low-carbon supply chain management is required. The core goal of the low-carbon supply chain management is to reduce the carbon emission of the whole supply chain, around this goal, different scholars from the product production flow angle, the supply chain member cooperative optimization angle, the carbon emission policy development and application angle, the customer consumption preference angle, The view of the structure of supply chain is a series of research and some achievements have been made. However, most of the research on the operation and management of the low-carbon supply chain is one of the links in the supply chain, such as production, site selection, inventory, transportation, etc., few scholars have taken into account the decision of the strategy, tactics and operation layer, and the low-carbon location-path-stock set is integrated into a whole. In addition, from the existing research results, most scholars have studied the supply chain operation optimization problem under the carbon emission control mechanism such as the carbon quota and the trading mechanism and the carbon tax mechanism, and the emission reduction effect of the supply chain under other emission reduction driving is seldom considered. In addition, the carbon quota, the carbon price and the carbon tax rate are all the external variables, and some scholars have pointed out that a large number of subjective assignments can lead to the distortion of the problem results and reduce the objectivity and accuracy of the scientific problem. Therefore, for the study of the location-path-inventory problem under the emission reduction drive, not only has the rich practical application value, but also has the theoretical forward and exploratory. This paper studies the location-path-inventory problem driven by carbon emission reduction. The research on the theory and application is carried out. The following four research work is carried out: (1) The relevant concepts and theoretical basis for low-carbon location-path-inventory problem are given. Based on the systematic review of the relevant literature on low-carbon siting-path-inventory problem, the corresponding concept and the theoretical basis are given, including: the connotation of the low-carbon supply chain management, the carbon tax mechanism, the carbon quota and the trading mechanism, Site-path-related concepts and theoretical basis for inventory problems. (2) In view of the location-path-inventory problem based on the difference of carbon quota, on the basis of giving the definition of the difference of the carbon quota and the scientific calculation of the carbon emission in each link of the site, the route and the inventory, the paper puts forward the problem of the low-carbonation location-path-inventory in two cases and the solution method. in particular, two different processing methods of the same emission reduction driving are refined, namely, the location-path-inventory integration problem model building and solving based on the transaction price of the carbon quota difference is obtained; Multi-objective model building and solving based on carbon quota difference in siting-path-inventory integration problem. (3) Aiming at the influence of the road condition on the cost and the carbon emission of the supply chain, the paper puts forward the location-path-inventory problem considering the carbon emission under the road condition, and gives the hypothesis about the speed limit and the congestion. The influence of different road conditions on siting-path-inventory decision is also analyzed. In addition, the most obvious route problem which is affected by the road condition is discussed, and the research on the vehicle path problem under the time-varying network is put forward. (4) In view of the reality of the current buyer's market, and the customer's cognition level and behavior level of the low-carbon product are improving this fact, after the definition of a series of related concepts such as the customer's limited 鈥渃arbon behavior鈥，

本文編號(hào)：2315096