【摘要】：本文是基于服裝行業(yè)庫存問題日益顯著的現(xiàn)狀,在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,考慮提前期、服務(wù)水平(即缺貨率)對庫存成本的影響,建立庫存模型,并求解模型在集中決策,零售商、供應(yīng)商分別主導(dǎo)三種情形下的算法并給出算例分析。 鑒于如今關(guān)于服裝企業(yè)服務(wù)水平中缺貨滿意度的參考文獻(xiàn)較少,本文專門就缺貨率對服裝產(chǎn)品消費(fèi)者滿意度的影響做了調(diào)研。在缺少參考問卷的情形下,通過深度訪談和焦點(diǎn)小組確定問卷內(nèi)容設(shè)定方向,并通過預(yù)調(diào)研結(jié)果對問卷進(jìn)行修改。對問卷分析可知：消費(fèi)者在服裝消費(fèi)過程遇到缺貨是較普遍的情況,對單個(gè)個(gè)體來講遇到的頻率不高；在遇到缺貨時(shí),絕大多數(shù)的顧客不會(huì)選擇等待到貨,但是在遇到特別心儀的款式時(shí)會(huì)改變自己的立場；如果零售商在缺貨時(shí)能給予消費(fèi)者一定的激勵(lì)消費(fèi)者是愿意等待到貨的；對于大部分受訪者來講,遇到缺貨情況會(huì)影響他們對于該品牌的看法,服裝企業(yè)為了能達(dá)到較高的消費(fèi)者滿意度,增強(qiáng)顧客忠誠度,獲取更高收益要盡量避免缺貨情況的發(fā)生。 要滿足低缺貨率,服裝企業(yè)就必須保證較高的庫存水平,這勢必會(huì)增加其庫存成本。為在確保收益的基礎(chǔ)上保持庫存成本盡可能低,本文在綜合考慮提前期的時(shí)間長度和運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用的基礎(chǔ)上,建立兩級服裝供應(yīng)鏈(即僅考慮單一供應(yīng)商、單一零售商)庫存成本模型,并求其最優(yōu)解使得庫存成本達(dá)到最少。模型建立后,綜合考慮四個(gè)決策變量：零售商單次訂貨量,供應(yīng)商單次生產(chǎn)可供送貨次數(shù),提前期時(shí)長及缺貨率。能較全面考慮到影響服裝業(yè)庫存的幾個(gè)主要因素,但是會(huì)加大計(jì)算的難度,因此能求得的是局部最優(yōu)解。在基本模型建立之后,求解三種情形下的求解算法：集中決策情形,供應(yīng)商主導(dǎo)情形以及零售商主導(dǎo)情形。然后給出三種情形分別適合何種合作模式下模型的求解,以及企業(yè)如何運(yùn)用模型進(jìn)行庫存成本優(yōu)化。最后經(jīng)由算例分析更直觀的證實(shí)求解算法的可行性。三種算法比較可得,集中決策情形下,供應(yīng)鏈可以實(shí)現(xiàn)總體庫存成本最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the increasingly prominent inventory problem in clothing industry, on the basis of previous studies, considering the influence of lead time, service level (that is, stock shortage ratio) on inventory cost, establishing inventory model, and solving the model in centralized decision-making. Retailers and suppliers dominate the algorithms in three cases and give examples. In view of the fact that there are few references on the degree of shortage of goods in the service level of garment enterprises, this paper makes a research on the impact of the shortage rate on the consumer satisfaction of garment products. In the case of lack of reference questionnaire, through in-depth interviews and focus groups to determine the direction of the questionnaire content, and through the pre-survey results to modify the questionnaire. The analysis of the questionnaire shows that it is common for consumers to encounter shortage in the process of clothing consumption, but the frequency is not high for a single individual; in the case of shortage, most customers do not choose to wait for the goods to arrive. However, they will change their position when they encounter a particular style; if retailers can give consumers a certain incentive when they are out of stock, they will be willing to wait for the goods to arrive; for the majority of the interviewees, In order to achieve higher consumer satisfaction, enhance customer loyalty and obtain higher income, garment enterprises should avoid the shortage as far as possible. To meet the low stock shortage rate, garment enterprises must ensure a high inventory level, which will inevitably increase their inventory costs. In order to keep inventory cost as low as possible on the basis of ensuring revenue, this paper establishes a two-tier clothing supply chain (i.e., only considering a single supplier) on the basis of considering the length of lead time and transportation cost. Single retailer) inventory cost model and its optimal solution to minimize inventory costs. After the establishment of the model, four decision variables are considered synthetically: the single order quantity of the retailer, the number of times that the supplier can deliver goods in a single production, the time of lead time and the rate of shortage. Several main factors affecting the inventory of clothing industry can be considered comprehensively, but the calculation will be more difficult, so the local optimal solution can be obtained. After the establishment of the basic model, three algorithms are solved: centralized decision, supplier dominated and retailer dominated. Then three kinds of cases are given to solve the model under which cooperation mode, and how to optimize the inventory cost by using the model. Finally, the feasibility of the algorithm is proved more intuitively by an example. In the case of centralized decision, the supply chain can achieve the optimal total inventory cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274;F426.86

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