【摘要】：牛奶是一種易于消化和吸收的、富含人體所必需的多種氨基酸和微量元素的理想食品，被譽(yù)為“白色血液”。目前，奶制品已經(jīng)成為千家萬戶青睞的重要食品之一。隨著生活水平和安全意識(shí)的提高，人們的觀念從“有奶喝”逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤昂群媚獭�，這對(duì)奶制品安全供應(yīng)的要求有所提高。特別是三聚氰胺事件發(fā)生后，我國(guó)在奶制品供應(yīng)鏈體系和安全生產(chǎn)評(píng)價(jià)體系等方面暴露出許多與其他奶業(yè)大國(guó)相比不足的地方。因此，盡快完善我國(guó)奶制品供應(yīng)鏈體系成為亟待解決的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。印度與中國(guó)同屬以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的亞洲發(fā)展中國(guó)家，在國(guó)情、資源環(huán)境和發(fā)展水平方面等有很多相似之處，且兩國(guó)奶制品的原奶生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)均以散戶奶農(nóng)的小規(guī)模生產(chǎn)為主導(dǎo)力量。印度作為世界第一產(chǎn)奶大國(guó)，已擁有比較完善的奶制品供應(yīng)鏈體系，特別是印度的奶業(yè)合作社供應(yīng)鏈模式也成為奶業(yè)發(fā)展的成功范例。 本文以中國(guó)和印度奶制品供應(yīng)鏈作為研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究法，并借助如供應(yīng)鏈理論、產(chǎn)業(yè)理論和計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論等相關(guān)理論支持，，從兩個(gè)國(guó)家奶制品供應(yīng)鏈現(xiàn)狀、供應(yīng)鏈模式、主體利益聯(lián)結(jié)機(jī)制和交易成本、質(zhì)量和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)控制等四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行深入對(duì)比分析，通過印度奶制品供應(yīng)鏈對(duì)我國(guó)的啟示，提出改善我國(guó)奶制品供應(yīng)鏈的對(duì)策建議：抓住市場(chǎng)潛力，增加奶牛存欄量提高生產(chǎn)；鼓勵(lì)奶農(nóng)參與市場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定性；形成一體化供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)，建立緊密型利益聯(lián)結(jié)機(jī)制；引進(jìn)新的技術(shù)力量，完善奶業(yè)服務(wù)體系；加大政府支持和投入，健全法制保障制度；加大質(zhì)量監(jiān)管力度，建立健全奶制品質(zhì)量安全管理體系。
[Abstract]:Milk is a kind of ideal food which is easy to digest and absorb, and is rich in many kinds of amino acids and trace elements, which is called "white blood". At present, dairy products have become one of the important foods favored by thousands of families. With the improvement of living standard and safety consciousness, people's concept has gradually changed from "drinking with milk" to "drinking good milk", which raises the requirement of safe supply of dairy products. Especially after the melamine incident, the supply chain system and the safety evaluation system of dairy products in China have exposed a lot of deficiencies compared with other big countries in dairy industry. Therefore, as soon as possible to improve the supply chain system of dairy products has become a real problem to be solved. India and China both belong to the developing countries in Asia, which are mainly based on agriculture. There are many similarities in national conditions, resources, environment and development level between India and China, and the production of raw milk in both countries is dominated by the small-scale production of individual dairy farmers. As the largest milk producing country in the world, India has a relatively perfect supply chain system of dairy products, especially the supply chain model of dairy cooperative in India has also become a successful example of dairy industry development. This paper takes the Chinese and Indian dairy supply chain as the research object, uses the literature research method, and with the aid of the supply chain theory, industry theory and econometrics theory and so on related theory support, from the two countries dairy product supply chain present situation. Four aspects of supply chain mode, main body benefit connection mechanism and transaction cost, quality and standard control are compared and analyzed, and the enlightenment of Indian dairy supply chain to our country is given. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the supply chain of dairy products in China are put forward: seizing the market potential, increasing the stock of dairy cows and increasing the production, encouraging dairy farmers to participate in market activities, enhancing the stability of the supply chain, forming the integrated supply chain structure. It is necessary to establish a close interest linkage mechanism; to introduce new technical forces to perfect the dairy service system; to increase government support and investment; to improve the legal system; to strengthen quality supervision; to establish and improve the quality and safety management system of dairy products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F416.82;F426.82

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