【摘要】：經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展催生企業(yè)變革，在經(jīng)濟全球化這樣的大環(huán)境下，企業(yè)間的競爭逐步演化為供應(yīng)鏈之間的競爭，如何協(xié)同優(yōu)化供應(yīng)鏈，成為企業(yè)合作必須關(guān)注的問題。供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同的目標主要有兩個：一是提高對市場的響應(yīng)速度，提供給消費者更加滿意的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)；二是降低供應(yīng)鏈的運營成本，，最大化消除供應(yīng)鏈上的浪費。本文以裝配行業(yè)的供應(yīng)鏈為研究的切入點，裝配行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈普遍存在上游零部件供應(yīng)商供給不確定和下游市場需求不穩(wěn)定的問題，所以作為軸心位置的供應(yīng)鏈中游的裝配制造商則需面對上游供給和下游需求不穩(wěn)定的問題，如何緩解這種不確定，如何降低成本提高利潤成，這是擺在裝配制造商眼前而且是亟待解決的問題。 本文首先介紹了論文的研究背景，指出當今的市場競爭是供應(yīng)鏈與供應(yīng)鏈之間的競爭，分析了供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同的積極意義，提出了裝配行業(yè)普遍存在供需不確定的問題，指出了本文的研究意義所在，闡述了本文研究的創(chuàng)新點。然后針對國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對供需不確定問題的研究進行了綜述，并對supply-hub的應(yīng)用研究現(xiàn)狀進行了分析，指出supply-hub在集成配送等方面的優(yōu)勢。其次對包含N個零部件供應(yīng)商和一個裝配制造商的裝配行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈，在面對上游零部件供應(yīng)商供給數(shù)量不確定和下游市場需求不穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境下，通過建模分析，提出了不確定環(huán)境下關(guān)于訂貨數(shù)量的供應(yīng)鏈利潤函數(shù)，并建立了分散決策情況下基于收益共享回購契約的制造商利潤函數(shù)，使得制造商的最優(yōu)決策點同時也是供應(yīng)鏈的最優(yōu)決策點，并通過收益共享參數(shù)實現(xiàn)優(yōu)化后的利潤在制造商與各個供應(yīng)商之間的分配比例，使供應(yīng)鏈成員的利潤均到了優(yōu)化，并通過案例驗證了基于收益共享的回購契約在優(yōu)化利潤和收益分配方面的可行性，并確定了供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同合作的矩形區(qū)域。 最后針對供需不確定的問題，從供應(yīng)鏈組合模式上出發(fā)，提出了基于Supply-hub的零部件供給的物流入場模式，從供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)上分析Supply-hub在零部件供應(yīng)方面的優(yōu)勢，并在Supply-hub模式的基礎(chǔ)上提出了缺貨情況的現(xiàn)貨采購和懲罰機制，這是對零部件供應(yīng)商的一種激勵和懲罰并存的方式。同時建立了Supply-hub模式的供應(yīng)鏈利潤函數(shù)，進一步通過供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同契約實現(xiàn)優(yōu)化后利潤的分配，并通過算例分析驗證了在不同的供應(yīng)和需求穩(wěn)定度下，以及現(xiàn)貨市場價格等因素對供應(yīng)鏈利潤和利潤增長率的影響。
[Abstract]:The development of economy accelerates the transformation of enterprises. Under the environment of economic globalization, the competition among enterprises gradually evolves into the competition between supply chains. How to optimize the supply chain collaboratively becomes a problem that must be paid attention to in the cooperation of enterprises. There are two main objectives of supply chain coordination: one is to improve the response speed to the market, to provide more satisfied products and services to consumers; the other is to reduce the operating cost of the supply chain and maximize the elimination of waste in the supply chain. In this paper, the supply chain of assembly industry is the starting point of the research. The supply of upstream parts suppliers is uncertain and the downstream market demand is unstable in the supply chain of assembly industry. So the assembly manufacturer in the middle of the supply chain, as the axis position, has to face the problem of instability of upstream supply and downstream demand, how to alleviate this uncertainty, how to reduce the cost and increase the profit. This is a problem that is in front of the assembly manufacturer and needs to be solved. This paper first introduces the research background of this paper, points out that the market competition is the competition between supply chain and supply chain, analyzes the positive significance of supply chain coordination, and points out that the supply and demand uncertainty exists in assembly industry. The significance of this paper is pointed out, and the innovation of this paper is expounded. Then, this paper summarizes the research of supply and demand uncertainty in domestic and foreign scholars, analyzes the application of supply-hub, and points out the advantages of supply-hub in integrated distribution and so on. Secondly, the supply chain of assembly industry, which includes N parts suppliers and an assembly manufacturer, is analyzed by modeling in the face of the uncertainty of the supply quantity of upstream parts suppliers and the instability of downstream market demand. In this paper, the profit function of supply chain for ordering quantity in uncertain environment is proposed, and the profit function of manufacturer based on the repurchase contract of income sharing in decentralized decision making is established. The optimal decision point of the manufacturer is also the optimal decision point of the supply chain at the same time, and the profit distribution ratio between the manufacturer and the supplier is realized by the profit sharing parameter, which makes the profit of the member of the supply chain to be optimized. The feasibility of the repurchase contract based on income sharing in optimizing profit and income distribution is verified by a case study, and the rectangular region of cooperative cooperation in supply chain is determined. Finally, aiming at the uncertainty of supply and demand, this paper puts forward the logistics entry mode based on supply-hub, and analyzes the advantages of supply-hub in parts supply from supply chain structure. On the basis of Supply-hub model, the spot purchasing and punishment mechanism of stock shortage is put forward, which is a way to encourage and punish component suppliers. At the same time, the profit function of supply chain based on Supply-hub model is established, and the profit distribution after optimization is realized through supply chain coordination contract. As well as the spot market price and other factors on the supply chain profit and profit growth rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F274

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