發(fā)布時間：2018-06-16 23:54

  本文選題：資金約束 + 銷售努力��； 參考：《中國科學技術大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)供應鏈管理的研究假設供應鏈資金充足,供應鏈中的各企業(yè)可以運用自有資金實現(xiàn)自身的最優(yōu)決策。然而隨著經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展,企業(yè)競爭加劇,各企業(yè)由此面臨的資金壓力與日俱增,資金短缺現(xiàn)象時有發(fā)生�；谶@一現(xiàn)狀,考慮資金流對于供應鏈運作管理的影響逐漸成為學者們關注的熱點,關于資金約束供應鏈的研究應運而生。在資金約束供應鏈的研究中,學者們拓展了傳統(tǒng)供應鏈管理領域,提出了一些資金約束影響下的供應鏈決策模型。觀察這些模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)市場需求作為模型中的重要參數(shù),不同的產(chǎn)品市場需求將直接影響著供應鏈的最終決策。時代的進步,特別是進入新世紀以來互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及,為提升企業(yè)市場占有率,進行促銷活動和允許顧客退貨已經(jīng)成為常見的商業(yè)現(xiàn)象。企業(yè)通過銷售努力和顧客退貨不同方式來影響產(chǎn)品市場需求的實現(xiàn),但與此同時企業(yè)也會承擔由銷售努力和顧客退貨所產(chǎn)生的處理成本�；诖�,本文在前人研究的基礎上將促銷和顧客退貨這兩種不同的情形分別引入到資金約束供應鏈系統(tǒng)中,探討銷售努力和顧客退貨對于供應鏈決策的影響。本文根據(jù)研究內(nèi)容的不同,主要分為以下兩個部分:第一部分是存在銷售努力下資金約束供應鏈的運作和優(yōu)化研究,主要為本文的第三章。文中研究了由一個供應商和一個資金約束零售商組成的供應鏈系統(tǒng),進一步考慮了資金約束零售商進行促銷活動時,零售商的聯(lián)合運營和融資決策問題,并對零售商的資金如何在庫存采購和促銷活動間分配進行了研究。針對零售商有無外部融資機會兩種情形,分別求得零售商的最優(yōu)決策,并進一步探討了供應商批發(fā)價、銀行融資利率、初始資本水平對于零售商決策及其資金分配策略的影響。結果表明,零售商的資金分配策略顯著地受其初始資本水平的影響。當零售商無外部融資機會時,若其初始資本較高,則零售商同時進行采購和促銷活動,但是隨著初始資本的減少,零售商將選擇只進行采購活動。此外,當資金約束零售商選擇外部融資時,其資金在采購和促銷之間的分配比例將隨著初始資本的增加而遞減。第二部分是考慮了存在顧客退貨下資金約束供應鏈的生產(chǎn)運作和協(xié)調(diào)研究,主要為本文的第四章。與第三章的研究對象相同,這一部分也主要是針對由單一供應商和單一資金約束零售商組成的供應鏈系統(tǒng)進行研究,同時進一步考慮顧客退貨的影響。顧客退貨一直是供應鏈中各參與方所需面臨的嚴峻問題,對于需要同時承擔融資困境和顧客退貨雙重壓力的資金約束的零售商而言更為如此。然而,針對顧客退貨這一普遍現(xiàn)象,如何改善資金約束供應鏈的運作仍然是一個亟待解決的問題�；谶@一問題,本文提出了供應商補貼合同,集貿(mào)易信貸、退貨補貼和顧客退貨策略于一個模型框架之中,探討顧客退貨對于供應商和零售商決策的影響。研究表明,供應商退貨補貼可以使整個供應鏈鏈條獲益,甚至可以協(xié)調(diào)供應鏈。與傳統(tǒng)的供應鏈管理研究不同,本文的研究工作考慮了資金流對于供應鏈運作管理的影響,同時進一步把資金約束供應鏈與銷售努力和顧客退貨分別結合在一起。綜上所述,一方面本文的研究豐富和完善了傳統(tǒng)的供應鏈管理理論研究,具有重要的理論價值;另一方面文中所涉及的兩部分研究均與現(xiàn)實緊密相連,所得結論有助于指導實踐。
[Abstract]:The research of traditional supply chain management assumes that the supply chain is full of funds and the enterprises in the supply chain can use their own funds to realize their own optimal decision. However, with the rapid development of the economy, the competition of enterprises is intensifying, the capital pressure of each enterprise is increasing, and the short shortage of funds occurs. Based on this situation, considering the capital The influence of flow on the management of supply chain has gradually become a hot spot of attention of scholars. Research on capital constrained supply chain has emerged. In the research of capital constrained supply chain, scholars have expanded the traditional supply chain management field and put forward some model of Supply Chain Decision under the influence of capital constraints. As an important parameter in the model, the demand of the field will directly affect the final decision of the supply chain. The progress of the times, especially the popularity of the Internet since the new century, has become a common commercial phenomenon for promoting the market share of the enterprise, promoting the promotion activities and allowing the customer to return the goods. Efforts and customer returns are different ways to affect the realization of product market demand, but at the same time, enterprises will also bear the cost of processing from sales efforts and customer returns. Based on this, this paper introduces two different situations, promotion and customer return, on the basis of predecessors' research, into the fund constrained supply chain system. The effects of sales efforts and customer returns on supply chain decision-making are discussed. This paper is divided into two parts according to the different content of the study. The first part is the operation and optimization of the capital constrained supply chain under the sales effort, mainly in the third chapter of this article. The supply chain system is made up to further consider the problem of the retailer's joint operation and financing decision when the retailer carries out the promotion activities, and studies how the retailer's funds are allocated between the inventory purchase and the promotion activities. The retailer is optimal for the retailer with or without external financing opportunities in two cases. The effect of supplier wholesale price, bank financing interest rate and initial capital level on Retailer decision-making and capital allocation strategy is further explored. The results show that the retailer's capital allocation strategy is significantly affected by its initial capital level. When the retailer has no external financing opportunities, the retailer has higher initial capital, then the retailer is the retailer. At the same time, procurement and promotion activities are carried out, but with the reduction of initial capital, retailers will choose only purchase activities. In addition, when the fund constrained retailers choose external financing, the proportion of their funds between the purchase and promotion will be reduced with the increase of the initial capital. The second part is the consideration of the existence of the submission of the customer's return. The research on the production operation and coordination of the gold constrained supply chain is mainly the fourth chapter of this article. It is the same as the research object in the third chapter. This part is mainly aimed at the research on the supply chain system composed of single supplier and single fund constrained retailer, while considering the effect of customer return. The customer return is always the supply chain. However, how to improve the operation of the capital constrained supply chain is still a problem to be solved. Based on this problem, this is a problem to be solved. This paper proposes a supplier subsidy contract, which combines trade credit, return subsidy and customer return strategy in a model framework to explore the effect of customer return on the decision of suppliers and retailers. The research shows that the supplier's return subsidy can benefit the whole chain chain, and can even coordinate the supply chain. In this paper, the research work considers the influence of capital flow on the management of supply chain operation. At the same time, it combines the supply chain with the sales effort and the customer's return. On the one hand, the research enriches and perfects the traditional theory of supply chain management, which has important theoretical value. On the other hand, the two parts of the study are closely related to reality, and the conclusions are helpful for guiding practice.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274

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