本文選題：再制造產(chǎn)品 + 翻新產(chǎn)品��； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著自然資源的日益消耗和生態(tài)環(huán)境的逐漸惡化，人類經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展受到了嚴(yán)重制約，如何保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境、合理使用自然資源是發(fā)展可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)亟需解決的難題。介于此，許多國(guó)家都紛紛立法，要求生產(chǎn)企業(yè)必須對(duì)產(chǎn)品的全生命周期負(fù)責(zé)，，以達(dá)到節(jié)約資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境的目的。法律法規(guī)的約束，加上經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的驅(qū)使，很多生產(chǎn)企業(yè)開始實(shí)施閉環(huán)運(yùn)作，在生產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品的同時(shí)，還對(duì)處于生命周期末端的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行回收再利用。由于在閉環(huán)運(yùn)作過(guò)程中存在新產(chǎn)品和多種再利用產(chǎn)品，如何從利益最大化的角度出發(fā)，有針對(duì)性的采用差異定價(jià)策略，最大限度的發(fā)掘企業(yè)的獲利潛能，成為企業(yè)管理者關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。為此，本文考慮某種耐用電子產(chǎn)品在市場(chǎng)中存在新產(chǎn)品、再制造產(chǎn)品以及翻新產(chǎn)品（經(jīng)過(guò)翻新處理后達(dá)到指定質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)且可進(jìn)行再銷售的一種再利用產(chǎn)品）三種不同形式，以消費(fèi)者對(duì)它們的不同價(jià)值評(píng)價(jià)為切入點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用博弈理論研究企業(yè)在不同市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下的差異定價(jià)問(wèn)題。 首先，在完全壟斷的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下，研究了制造商的單周期靜態(tài)差異定價(jià)以及兩周期動(dòng)態(tài)差異定價(jià)問(wèn)題。充分考慮了新產(chǎn)品、再制造產(chǎn)品以及翻新產(chǎn)品的異質(zhì)需求特征，拓展了消費(fèi)者的價(jià)值效用函數(shù)，并針對(duì)不同的市場(chǎng)需求情形，提出了相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品需求函數(shù)。以此為基礎(chǔ)，在單周期情況下提出了制造商的四種生產(chǎn)模式，建立了各自的差異定價(jià)模型，從產(chǎn)品的最優(yōu)售價(jià)、最優(yōu)銷量以及制造商最優(yōu)利潤(rùn)等角度對(duì)四種生產(chǎn)模式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，并討論了再制造產(chǎn)品與翻新產(chǎn)品對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的內(nèi)部擠兌效應(yīng)以及對(duì)市場(chǎng)的增長(zhǎng)效應(yīng)。接著，分別在市場(chǎng)規(guī)模不變和市場(chǎng)規(guī)模變化條件下構(gòu)建了制造商的兩周期動(dòng)態(tài)差異定價(jià)模型，分析了廢舊產(chǎn)品回收率和市場(chǎng)成長(zhǎng)率對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)差異定價(jià)策略的影響。 其次，以推廣再制造產(chǎn)品與翻新產(chǎn)品為前提，討論了完全壟斷市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下制造商實(shí)施不同廣告投入方案對(duì)差異定價(jià)策略的影響。分別考慮了制造商以再制造產(chǎn)品為主要推廣對(duì)象、以翻新產(chǎn)品為主要推廣對(duì)象以及同時(shí)以再制造產(chǎn)品與翻新產(chǎn)品為推廣對(duì)象的三種不同廣告投入方案，并根據(jù)廣告投入后消費(fèi)者對(duì)購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品所獲價(jià)值效用的變化情況，調(diào)整了產(chǎn)品的需求函數(shù)。接著，建立了三種不同廣告投入方案下的制造商差異定價(jià)模型，并從產(chǎn)品最優(yōu)廣告投入水平、最優(yōu)售價(jià)、最優(yōu)銷量以及制造商最優(yōu)利潤(rùn)等角度對(duì)這三種方案進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，為制造商廣告投入方案的選擇提出了一些有用的建議。 再次，在再制造商與制造商競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下，研究了再制造商的單周期靜態(tài)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略以及兩周期動(dòng)態(tài)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略�？紤]了再制造商負(fù)責(zé)從事廢舊產(chǎn)品的再制造與翻新，并對(duì)這兩種產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行銷售，而原始制造商只負(fù)責(zé)生產(chǎn)并銷售新產(chǎn)品，兩者形成競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了再制造商的四種不同競(jìng)爭(zhēng)模式，并研究了再制造商的一周期靜態(tài)差異定價(jià)策略，分析了再制造產(chǎn)品與翻新產(chǎn)品對(duì)新產(chǎn)品的外部擠兌效應(yīng)以及再制造商對(duì)制造商的利潤(rùn)侵占現(xiàn)象。接著，分別在市場(chǎng)規(guī)模不變和市場(chǎng)規(guī)模變化條件下構(gòu)建了再制造商的兩周期動(dòng)態(tài)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)模型，并分析了廢舊產(chǎn)品回收率以及市場(chǎng)成長(zhǎng)率對(duì)再制造商競(jìng)爭(zhēng)策略的影響。 然后，考慮再制造商與制造商的合作系統(tǒng)，討論了該系統(tǒng)的差異定價(jià)策略以及協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。假設(shè)制造商在生產(chǎn)并銷售新產(chǎn)品的同時(shí)，還作為再制造商的經(jīng)銷商來(lái)銷售再制造產(chǎn)品和翻新產(chǎn)品，兩者形成供銷合作關(guān)系。在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究了合作系統(tǒng)在分散決策下的差異定價(jià)策略。為彌補(bǔ)分散決策帶來(lái)的效率損失，以集中決策時(shí)的最優(yōu)均衡解為基準(zhǔn)，考察了兩種不同協(xié)調(diào)契約對(duì)合作系統(tǒng)的協(xié)調(diào)作用。接著，在突發(fā)事件導(dǎo)致再制造成本與翻新成本同時(shí)發(fā)生擾動(dòng)的環(huán)境下，探討了合作系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)應(yīng)對(duì)策略及其協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。 最后，針對(duì)一個(gè)由制造商、經(jīng)銷商和第三方回收商組成的三級(jí)閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)，研究了不同主體從事廢舊產(chǎn)品翻新時(shí)的閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈差異定價(jià)問(wèn)題�？紤]除了制造商具有翻新能力外，經(jīng)銷商或第三方回收商也具有翻新的技術(shù)條件，并以此為基礎(chǔ)建立了不同主體從事廢舊產(chǎn)品翻新時(shí)的差異定價(jià)模型，分析了再制造產(chǎn)品與翻新產(chǎn)品擠兌效應(yīng)與增長(zhǎng)效應(yīng)以及閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈的其他成員對(duì)制造商的利潤(rùn)侵占現(xiàn)象。接著，對(duì)三種不同主體從事翻新時(shí)的情形進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，并從市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)角度給出了閉環(huán)供應(yīng)鏈的生產(chǎn)選擇建議。
[Abstract]:With the increasing consumption of natural resources and the gradual deterioration of the ecological environment, the sustainable development of human economy has been severely restricted. How to protect the ecological environment and the rational use of natural resources is a difficult problem to be solved in the development of sustainable economy. In order to achieve the purpose of saving resources and protecting the environment, a lot of production enterprises begin to implement closed loop operation in order to save resources and protect the environment. Many production enterprises begin to implement closed loop operation. While producing new products, they also recycle and reuse products at the end of life cycle. There are new products and many reuses in the process of closed loop operation. The product, from the point of view of the maximization of interest, the use of differential pricing strategy aimed at maximizing the profit potential of the enterprise has become the focus of the enterprise managers. Therefore, this paper considers the new products, remanufactured products and refurbished products (after refurbishment treatment) in the market. Three different forms of reusing products that reach the specified quality standard and can be re sold. With the consumer evaluation of their different values as the breakthrough point, the game theory is used to study the problem of differential pricing of enterprises in different market environments.
First, under the completely monopolized market environment, the manufacturer's single cycle static differential pricing and two cycle dynamic differential pricing are studied. The characteristics of the heterogeneous demand of new products, remanufactured products and refurbished products are fully considered, and the value utility functions of consumers are expanded, and the phase of different market demand is put forward. On the basis of the product demand function, the four production modes of the manufacturer are put forward in the single cycle case, and the difference pricing model is set up. The comparison of the four production modes is analyzed from the point of view of the optimal price of the product, the optimal sales and the optimal profit of the manufacturer, and the remanufactured products and the refurbished products are discussed. The effect of the internal run on the new product and the growth effect on the market. Then, the two cycle dynamic differential pricing model of the manufacturer is constructed under the condition of the market scale and the change of the market size, and the effects of the recycling rate and the market growth rate on the dynamic differential pricing strategy are analyzed.
Secondly, on the premise of promoting remanufactured products and refurbishing products, the influence of different advertising input schemes on different advertising investment schemes under completely monopolized market environment is discussed. The new product is the three different advertising input schemes for the promotion object, and the demand function of the product is adjusted according to the change of the value utility of the purchase product after the advertisement is invested. Then, the manufacturer's differential pricing model under three different advertising input schemes is set up, and the optimal sale is made from the optimal advertising input level. The three schemes are compared and analyzed in terms of price, optimal sales and the optimal profit of the manufacturer, and some useful suggestions are put forward for the selection of the manufacturer's advertising input scheme.
Thirdly, under the competition between the manufacturer and the manufacturer, the single cycle static competition strategy of the remanufacturer and the two cycle dynamic competition strategy are studied. The remanufacturer is responsible for the remanufacture and refurbishment of the waste products, and the two products are sold, while the original manufacturer is only responsible for the production and sale of new products. On this basis, four different competition modes of remanufacturer are proposed, and a cycle static differential pricing strategy of remanufacturer is studied. The external run effect of remanufactured products and refurbished products on the new products and the profit embezzlement of manufacturers on the manufacturers are analyzed. Then, the market scale is on the market scale respectively. Under the condition of change and market scale, the two cycle dynamic competition model of the remanufacturer is constructed, and the effect of the recycling rate of waste products and the growth rate of the market on the competition strategy of the remanufacturer is analyzed.
Then, considering the cooperation system of the manufacturer and the manufacturer, the differential pricing strategy and the coordination mechanism of the system are discussed. It is assumed that the manufacturer sells and sells the remanufactured products and the refurbished products as the distributor of the remanufacturer while producing and selling the new products. On the basis of this, the cooperation is studied. In order to make up for the efficiency loss caused by decentralized decision, this paper investigates the coordination effect of two different coordination contracts on the cooperative system in order to compensate for the efficiency loss caused by the decentralized decision, and then discusses the situation that the remanufacturing cost and the new cost are disturbed at the same time when the emergencies lead to the remanufacturing cost and the new cost. The optimal coping strategy and coordination mechanism of cooperative system.
In the end, the closed loop supply chain difference pricing problem for a three level closed-loop supply chain composed of manufacturers, dealers and third party recyclers is studied. The difference pricing model was established on the basis of the refurbishment of waste products by different subjects. The effect and growth effect of remanufactured products and refurbished products were analyzed, and the profit embezzlement of other members of the closed loop supply chain to the manufacturers was analyzed. Then, the situation of the three different subjects engaged in the refurbishment was compared and analyzed. From the perspective of field economy, the production selection of closed loop supply chain is given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F425;F273.2

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