【摘要】：濕地具有巨大的生態(tài)服務價值和環(huán)境效應,建立濕地自然保護區(qū)的目的是為了保護濕地資源與環(huán)境,維持生物多樣性。但是,建立濕地自然保護區(qū)后,以社區(qū)居民為代表的各利益相關者在利用濕地資源與環(huán)境方面受到了很大的限制,各種矛盾沖突不斷發(fā)生。研究如何協調濕地自然保護區(qū)與利益相關者的矛盾沖突、采用何種管理模式管理好保護區(qū),對濕地自然保護區(qū)與各利益相關者協調發(fā)展具有重要的現實意義和理論價值。 本文以閩江河口濕地自然保護區(qū)為研究對象,運用問卷調查法、訪談法、利益相關者分析法等,以不同利益群體對保護區(qū)資源與環(huán)境的認知為切入點,探討閩江河口濕地自然保護區(qū)的公共管理,并提出自然保護區(qū)公共管理的保障機制。 結果表明,閩江河口濕地自然保護區(qū)建立后,濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境整體變好；社區(qū)居民參與度低、水污染治理成效不明顯、執(zhí)法力度不夠等是現有管理中存在的主要問題。利益相關者分析表明當地社區(qū)居民、自然保護區(qū)管理者、當地政府為閩江河口濕地自然保護區(qū)管理的確定型利益相關者,科研工作者、當地企業(yè)為預期型利益相關者,一般社會公眾、媒體、旅游開發(fā)者、旅游觀光者為潛在型利益相關者；各利益相關者沖突類型包括利益沖突類型和觀念沖突類型；通過現有管理中存在問題、利益相關者分析,提出以利益共享機制為基礎、以筑建閩江河口濕地保護文化為目標的新型管理框架,設計了利益相關者共同治理模式、政府主導下的社區(qū)共管模式、政府指導下的市場共管模式,提出了閩江河口濕地自然保護區(qū)公共管理的保障機制。
[Abstract]:Wetland has great ecological service value and environmental effect. The purpose of establishing wetland nature reserve is to protect wetland resources and environment and maintain biodiversity. However, after the establishment of the wetland nature reserve, the stakeholders, represented by the community residents, have been greatly restricted in the utilization of wetland resources and environment, and various contradictions and conflicts have occurred constantly. It is of great practical and theoretical value to study how to coordinate the contradiction and conflict between wetland nature reserve and stakeholders, and what management mode to adopt to manage the reserve well, which is of great practical significance and theoretical value to the coordinated development of wetland nature reserve and all stakeholders. This paper takes the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve as the research object, using questionnaire, interview, stakeholder analysis and so on, taking the cognition of different interest groups to the resources and environment of the reserve as the breakthrough point. This paper probes into the public management of the wetland nature reserve at the mouth of the Minjiang River and puts forward the guarantee mechanism of the public management of the nature reserve. The results show that the wetland ecological environment has become better after the establishment of Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, the main problems in the existing management are low participation of community residents, low water pollution control effect, insufficient law enforcement and so on. Stakeholder analysis shows that local community residents, natural reserve managers, local governments are identified stakeholders in the management of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve, scientific research workers and local enterprises are prospective stakeholders. The general public, media, tourism developers and tourists are potential stakeholders; The types of stakeholder conflicts include the types of conflicts of interest and the types of conflict of ideas; Through existing management problems and stakeholder analysis, this paper puts forward a new management framework based on the benefit sharing mechanism and aims at constructing the protection culture of the Minjiang River estuary wetland, and designs a common governance model of stakeholders. The public management mechanism of Minjiang River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X36

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