鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的路徑研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-09 09:39
【摘要】：近年來,隨著“三農(nóng)”問題的日益突出和社會主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的深入發(fā)展,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府作為國家在農(nóng)村各項(xiàng)政策的執(zhí)行者、農(nóng)村各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的管理者,地位日益重要。雖然自改革開放以來,我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展取得了巨大的成就,但依然存在許多矛盾和問題。因此,探尋科學(xué)、合理的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的路徑,不僅是提高鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府機(jī)構(gòu)效能的根本保證,也是解決當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展中突出矛盾和問題的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要。 論文分為導(dǎo)論和論文主體部分： 第一部分,導(dǎo)論。主要介紹選題的背景和意義；國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀；研究思路、內(nèi)容和方法。 第一、二、三章是論文的主體部分 第一章,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變及其理論基礎(chǔ)。主要厘清鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能的涵義及其相關(guān)概念；闡述鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的必要性和緊迫性；同時鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變所涉及的政府職能理論、基層治理理論和新公共管理理論進(jìn)行具體的闡述。 第二章,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的歷史考察。主要以新中國成立為歷史分域,包括建國以前的中央與地方分權(quán)模式、鄉(xiāng)里制度的形成和職能狀況、民國時期基層政府組織在鄉(xiāng)村的職能；建國以后,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變演變經(jīng)過了建國后到社會主義改造完成前、人民公社時期撤銷人民公社到稅費(fèi)改革前的不同階段。現(xiàn)階段我國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能中維持政府機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)成為鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府追求的主要目標(biāo),同時也普遍存在公共服務(wù)職能缺失、經(jīng)濟(jì)職能越位、社會管理職能缺位等問題。 第三章,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的難點(diǎn)及其對策。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的難點(diǎn)在于歷史慣性帶來的惰性制約、在理念上認(rèn)識上存在矛盾、壓力型行政體制的制約和現(xiàn)實(shí)財政困境的影響。而要解決這一系列難點(diǎn)問題,要明確中構(gòu)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的基本原則,即依據(jù)服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)的要求突出公共服務(wù)職能、遵循善治理念強(qiáng)化社會建設(shè)職能、按照政府與市場的原則定位經(jīng)濟(jì)智能。在基本原則的指導(dǎo)下，，實(shí)現(xiàn)從管理到服務(wù)的觀念轉(zhuǎn)變、明確鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府與上級政府的職責(zé)分工、發(fā)揮農(nóng)村民間組織的功能、改革鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)。同時實(shí)施好鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的配套支持策略。創(chuàng)新縣鄉(xiāng)財政體制、妥善化解鄉(xiāng)村債務(wù)、提升鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)公務(wù)人員的素質(zhì)和能力。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasingly prominent "three rural" problems and the further development of the socialist new rural construction, the township government, as the executor of various policies of the country in the rural areas, and the managers of various rural undertakings, have become increasingly important. Although great achievements have been made in the development of rural economy and society since the reform and opening up, there are still many contradictions and problems. Therefore, it is not only the fundamental guarantee to improve the efficiency of township government agencies, but also the practical need to solve the outstanding contradictions and problems in the current economic and social development. The paper is divided into the introduction and the main part of the paper: the first part, the introduction. This paper mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic, the current research situation at home and abroad, the research ideas, contents and methods. The first, second and third chapters are the main part of the thesis, the transformation of township government function and its theoretical basis. It mainly clarifies the meaning of township government function and its related concepts, expounds the necessity and urgency of the transformation of township government function, and at the same time, expounds the theory of government function involved in the transformation of township government function. The basic level governance theory and the new public management theory carry on the concrete elaboration. The second chapter, the historical investigation of the function transformation of township government. Mainly taking the founding of New China as the historical domain, including the central and local decentralization mode before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the formation and function of the township system, the functions of the grass-roots government organizations in the countryside during the period of the Republic of China, and after the founding of the people's Republic of China, The transformation of township government functions has gone through different stages from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the completion of the socialist transformation and the abolition of the people's commune during the people's commune period to the tax and fee reform. At the present stage, it is the main goal of the township government to maintain the function of the government in the township government. At the same time, there are also some problems, such as the lack of public service function, the offside of economic function and the absence of social management function, etc. The third chapter, the difficulty and countermeasure of township government function transformation. The difficulty of the function transformation of township government lies in the inertia restriction brought by historical inertia, the contradiction in concept, the restriction of pressure-type administrative system and the influence of realistic financial predicament. In order to solve this series of difficult problems, we should make clear the basic principle of the transformation of the functions of the township government, that is, to stress the public service function according to the requirements of the service-oriented government construction, and to follow the concept of good governance to strengthen the social construction function. Position economic intelligence according to the principle of government and market. Under the guidance of the basic principles, we should change the concept from management to service, clarify the division of responsibilities between the township government and the higher government, give play to the functions of rural non-governmental organizations, and reform the township organizations. At the same time, the implementation of township government function transformation supporting strategy. Innovation county and township financial system, properly resolve rural debt, improve the quality and ability of township public servants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D630
本文編號：2258869
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasingly prominent "three rural" problems and the further development of the socialist new rural construction, the township government, as the executor of various policies of the country in the rural areas, and the managers of various rural undertakings, have become increasingly important. Although great achievements have been made in the development of rural economy and society since the reform and opening up, there are still many contradictions and problems. Therefore, it is not only the fundamental guarantee to improve the efficiency of township government agencies, but also the practical need to solve the outstanding contradictions and problems in the current economic and social development. The paper is divided into the introduction and the main part of the paper: the first part, the introduction. This paper mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic, the current research situation at home and abroad, the research ideas, contents and methods. The first, second and third chapters are the main part of the thesis, the transformation of township government function and its theoretical basis. It mainly clarifies the meaning of township government function and its related concepts, expounds the necessity and urgency of the transformation of township government function, and at the same time, expounds the theory of government function involved in the transformation of township government function. The basic level governance theory and the new public management theory carry on the concrete elaboration. The second chapter, the historical investigation of the function transformation of township government. Mainly taking the founding of New China as the historical domain, including the central and local decentralization mode before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the formation and function of the township system, the functions of the grass-roots government organizations in the countryside during the period of the Republic of China, and after the founding of the people's Republic of China, The transformation of township government functions has gone through different stages from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the completion of the socialist transformation and the abolition of the people's commune during the people's commune period to the tax and fee reform. At the present stage, it is the main goal of the township government to maintain the function of the government in the township government. At the same time, there are also some problems, such as the lack of public service function, the offside of economic function and the absence of social management function, etc. The third chapter, the difficulty and countermeasure of township government function transformation. The difficulty of the function transformation of township government lies in the inertia restriction brought by historical inertia, the contradiction in concept, the restriction of pressure-type administrative system and the influence of realistic financial predicament. In order to solve this series of difficult problems, we should make clear the basic principle of the transformation of the functions of the township government, that is, to stress the public service function according to the requirements of the service-oriented government construction, and to follow the concept of good governance to strengthen the social construction function. Position economic intelligence according to the principle of government and market. Under the guidance of the basic principles, we should change the concept from management to service, clarify the division of responsibilities between the township government and the higher government, give play to the functions of rural non-governmental organizations, and reform the township organizations. At the same time, the implementation of township government function transformation supporting strategy. Innovation county and township financial system, properly resolve rural debt, improve the quality and ability of township public servants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D630
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