本文選題：社會(huì)中介組織 + 政府�。� 參考：《南京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：食品安全關(guān)系民生，關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，關(guān)系社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和諧。目前我國(guó)正處在深刻的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期，各種食品安全事件不斷上演，“瘦肉精”、“地溝油”、“三聚氰胺”、“蘇丹紅”等一些較為專業(yè)的食品行業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)被人們所熟悉。社會(huì)各界對(duì)食品安全表現(xiàn)出較高的關(guān)注和較深的擔(dān)憂。清華大學(xué)媒介調(diào)查實(shí)驗(yàn)室在2011年、2012年連續(xù)兩年通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)全國(guó)31個(gè)省、市、自治區(qū)的公眾展開(kāi)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查，調(diào)查人們對(duì)于食品的安全感程度，結(jié)果顯示公眾對(duì)食品的擔(dān)憂程度有增無(wú)減。政府作為公共管理主體對(duì)食品安全事件的監(jiān)管有著不可推卸的責(zé)任，政府相關(guān)政策和法律法規(guī)的出臺(tái)、執(zhí)法力度的加強(qiáng)以及食品安全監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的改革，均表現(xiàn)出政府治理食品安全的信心，但受制于諸多因素，治理效果并不是太理想。因此，尋找治理的“幫手”似乎成為政府的必然選擇，積極地探索食品安全治理的第三條路徑也因此成為學(xué)術(shù)界的重大課題，大部分學(xué)者意識(shí)到了社會(huì)力量參與食品安全治理的可行性。食品安全事件涉及人員多、涉及面廣、危害性大，社會(huì)中介組織發(fā)展迅速、組織數(shù)量多、輻射范圍廣，這是從組織上對(duì)政府治理的有效補(bǔ)充；同時(shí)社會(huì)中介組織的彈性化、專業(yè)化、高效率、低成本的運(yùn)作優(yōu)勢(shì)恰是對(duì)政府強(qiáng)制性、單向性、低效率、高成本的充分回應(yīng)。因此，對(duì)社會(huì)中介組織在食品安全治理中的優(yōu)勢(shì)和作用進(jìn)行深入研究，探索其發(fā)揮作用的路徑是十分必要的。以期與政府、市場(chǎng)形成監(jiān)管的合力，有效解決食品安全問(wèn)題。 本文在界定社會(huì)中介組織、食品安全等相關(guān)概念和相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，分析目前我國(guó)食品安全現(xiàn)狀，肯定政府治理食品安全的有效性和必要性，同時(shí)指出政府單邊治理的缺陷，包括監(jiān)管角色困境、監(jiān)管動(dòng)力不足、監(jiān)管效率不高、監(jiān)管能力有限。在政府單邊治理的情形下，結(jié)合相關(guān)案例說(shuō)明我國(guó)社會(huì)中介組織的治理優(yōu)勢(shì)難以發(fā)揮，具體表現(xiàn)為：獨(dú)立性不強(qiáng)、權(quán)威性不足、自治水平不高。但這并不能否認(rèn)社會(huì)中介組織所具有的效率高、成本低、資源優(yōu)的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)以及其在培育全社會(huì)食品安全意識(shí)、協(xié)助政府提高食品安全績(jī)效、促進(jìn)企業(yè)提高食品安全質(zhì)量等方面的作用。為了化解社會(huì)中介組織面臨的困境，本文在借鑒國(guó)外食品行業(yè)社會(huì)中介組織在食品安全治理中的做法的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合本國(guó)實(shí)際，，提出相應(yīng)的提升社會(huì)中介組織治理能力的對(duì)策，包括明確社會(huì)中介組織與政府的關(guān)系、構(gòu)建優(yōu)良的外部發(fā)展環(huán)境以及提升自身能力。
[Abstract]:Food safety concerns people's livelihood, economic development and social stability and harmony. At present, our country is in the profound social transition period, various kinds of food safety events are constantly staged, such as "lean meat essence", "gutter oil", "melamine", "Sudan red" and so on some more specialized food industry terminology is familiar to people. All walks of life show high concern and deep concern about food safety. In 2011 and 2012, the Media investigation Laboratory of Tsinghua University conducted a questionnaire survey on the public of 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country through the Internet in 2011 and 2012 to investigate people's sense of security about food. The results show that the level of public concern about food is increasing. The government, as the main body of public administration, has an unshirkable responsibility for the supervision of food safety incidents, the introduction of relevant government policies and laws and regulations, the strengthening of law enforcement and the reform of food safety regulatory bodies. All show the confidence of the government to manage food safety, but limited by many factors, the governance effect is not too ideal. Therefore, finding a "helper" for governance seems to be an inevitable choice for the government, and actively exploring the third path of food safety governance has therefore become a major topic in the academic community. Most scholars are aware of the feasibility of social forces participating in food safety governance. Food safety incidents involve a large number of personnel, involve a wide range of areas, are harmful, and social intermediary organizations develop rapidly, have a large number of organizations, and have a wide range of radiation, which is an effective supplement to government governance from an organizational point of view; at the same time, social intermediary organizations are flexible. The advantages of specialization, high efficiency and low cost are the full response to the mandatory, unidirectional, low efficiency and high cost of the government. Therefore, it is necessary to study the advantages and functions of social intermediary organizations in food safety governance and explore the ways to play their role. With a view to the government, the market to form a joint effort to effectively solve food safety problems. Based on the definition of social intermediary organizations, food safety and other related concepts and theories, this paper analyzes the current situation of food safety in China, affirms the effectiveness and necessity of government administration of food safety, and points out the defects of unilateral government governance. Including regulatory role dilemmas, regulatory motivation is insufficient, regulatory efficiency is not high, regulatory capacity is limited. In the case of unilateral government governance, combined with relevant cases, it is difficult to give full play to the advantages of governance of social intermediary organizations in China, which is manifested as: independence is not strong, authority is insufficient, and the level of autonomy is not high. However, this does not deny the unique advantages of social intermediary organizations such as high efficiency, low cost, excellent resources, and helping the government to improve the performance of food safety by cultivating the awareness of food safety in the whole society. To promote enterprises to improve the quality of food safety and other aspects of the role. In order to resolve the dilemma faced by social intermediary organizations, this paper, on the basis of drawing lessons from the practices of foreign food industry social intermediary organizations in food safety governance and combining with the reality of our country, puts forward corresponding countermeasures to enhance the governance ability of social intermediary organizations. It includes clarifying the relationship between social intermediary organizations and government, constructing excellent external development environment and enhancing their own ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9;F203

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