本文關(guān)鍵詞：馬克思主義國家與社會關(guān)系思想的中國化樣態(tài)研究　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：本文立足于從理論與實踐兩個層面研究馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系思想的中國化樣態(tài)問題，試圖回應(yīng)三個問題：馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會思想的原初樣態(tài)是什么？中國共產(chǎn)黨人對于馬克思主義國家與社會關(guān)系思想進行了怎樣的卓有成效的理論建樹？在新的黨情、國情、世情發(fā)生劇烈變革的現(xiàn)時代，不管是主動求變求適應(yīng)也好，還是現(xiàn)實政治生態(tài)變遷形成的巨大倒逼機制也罷，作為國家與社會關(guān)系的“現(xiàn)實樣板”，政府與社會組織之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)進行怎樣的樣態(tài)變革才能順應(yīng)時代發(fā)展趨勢要求，實現(xiàn)協(xié)同戮力善治格局？ 國家與社會，是人類組織構(gòu)造和秩序生成的兩大載體，是馬克思主義理論關(guān)注的重要命題和理論建構(gòu)的重要組成部分，亦是當(dāng)代公共治理范式探究的管理哲學(xué)問題。在馬克思主義思想譜系中，國家與社會關(guān)系思想有著十分深厚的理論內(nèi)涵和重要的現(xiàn)實價值。犖犖大者計有“國家源于社會”、“社會決定國家”、“公共管理的社會性”、“國家與社會的分化、對立與統(tǒng)一”、“國家消亡與社會復(fù)歸”等觀點和原理，刻畫出國家與社會的關(guān)系輪廓。 于噴沫鳴濺中接受了馬克思主義理論洗禮的中國共產(chǎn)黨人也一直在探尋國家與社會關(guān)系的理論真諦。卓越的中國共產(chǎn)黨的政治領(lǐng)袖們在理論道路上篳路藍縷以啟山林，在集體智慧的基礎(chǔ)上承續(xù)并創(chuàng)造性地發(fā)展了馬克思主義的國家與社會關(guān)系思想，形成了厚重的馬克思主義的國家與社會關(guān)系思想的中國化樣態(tài)圖譜。這一樣態(tài)圖譜包括理論樣態(tài)和實踐樣態(tài)兩種樣態(tài)呈現(xiàn)。理論樣態(tài)就是毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想和科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的理論體系所闡釋的豐富的國家與社會關(guān)系思想。文章對上述思想的核心內(nèi)容、基本框架和理論流變著力進行爬梳。實踐樣態(tài)就是在社會主義建設(shè)實踐中亟待厘清的政府與社會組織的關(guān)系�！靶味稀钡膰遗c社會關(guān)系演化為“形而下”的政府與社會組織的關(guān)系。理論源于實踐并高于實踐，實踐是理論的材料“原產(chǎn)地”。國家的治理以政府為載體，社會的發(fā)展以社會組織為依托。現(xiàn)實的政府與社會組織關(guān)系成為國家與社會關(guān)系的“現(xiàn)實樣板”。 論文有六章構(gòu)成。 第一章，緒論 本章主要闡明了課題的研究背景、研究主旨、研究的理論價值和現(xiàn)實意義，，說明本文的研究方法、邏輯框架結(jié)構(gòu)，并進行相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外文獻綜合述評和概念的界定和厘清，為本體研究開啟序幕。 第二章，經(jīng)典創(chuàng)建：馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系的理論締造 本章從歷史的、理論的角度對馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系學(xué)說進行梳理與解讀。認為，以批判黑格爾對市民社會和政治國家關(guān)系的曲解作為邏輯起點，馬克思恩格斯形成了自己的科學(xué)的國家與社會關(guān)系理論，包括市民社會理論、公共管理的社會性思想和國家源于社會并復(fù)歸社會的思想。之后，列寧全力捍衛(wèi)并發(fā)展了馬克思關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系的基本思想，包括“國家消亡”的學(xué)說、勞動者享有管理社會的最高權(quán)力和最大限度地改善工人和農(nóng)民的生活狀況等一系列新的理論主張。在此基礎(chǔ)上，進一步發(fā)掘馬克思主義經(jīng)典作家關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系思想給我們的啟示。 第三章，理論承續(xù)：中國共產(chǎn)黨人關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系的接力探索 本章從歷史的、文獻攬讀的角度研究了幾代卓越的中國共產(chǎn)黨政治領(lǐng)袖們關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系的系列真知灼見，包括毛澤東的民本民權(quán)觀、鄧小平的民主公權(quán)理論、“三個代表”重要思想的政黨、國家、社會理論以及十六大以來科學(xué)發(fā)展觀對社會管理問題一系列新的思考和探索。毛澤東的民本民權(quán)觀主要體現(xiàn)在三個方面：權(quán)力屬于、源于并造福于人民的思想、和人民打成一片的群眾路線的工作方法和關(guān)心群眾疾苦攸關(guān)政權(quán)之存亡的觀點。鄧小平的民主公權(quán)理論主要見之于三個方面：對于群眾團體正確引導(dǎo)而不包辦的思想；權(quán)力要為廣大人民群眾切實服務(wù)的思想；沒有民主就沒有社會主義現(xiàn)代化的思想�！叭齻�代表”重要思想的政黨、國家、社會理論具體體現(xiàn)為：緊跟時代潮流加強黨的執(zhí)政能力建設(shè)的思想；新的歷史時期社會主義政治文明建設(shè)的思想；人民當(dāng)家作主和依法治國的辯證統(tǒng)一的思想�？茖W(xué)發(fā)展觀對社會管理問題的新探索體現(xiàn)為：加強以改善民生為重點的社會建設(shè)；社會管理上務(wù)必始終堅持以人為本；完善協(xié)同參與共治的社會管理格局。 第四章，樣態(tài)呈現(xiàn)：馬克思主義國家與社會關(guān)系理論的中國化顯示 完成了馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會關(guān)系學(xué)說的理論樣態(tài)梳理與解讀后，邏輯上本章進而轉(zhuǎn)向研究馬克思主義國家與社會關(guān)系思想的中國化現(xiàn)實樣態(tài)。較之國家與社會關(guān)系研究的理論務(wù)虛性，政府與社會組織關(guān)系研究具有明顯的實踐務(wù)實性。為此，本章立足廣東，實證性研究了近年來社會組織的發(fā)展概況。繼而，通過回歸分析方法研究得出現(xiàn)實語境下的地方政府與社會組織之間尚未建立起破除心理隔閡的互信關(guān)系和良好互動關(guān)系的結(jié)論。 第五章，樣態(tài)檢視：地方政府與社會組織合作關(guān)系的力場博弈 與傳統(tǒng)的國家凌駕于社會之上并由此造成國家相對于社會的單線性發(fā)展的觀點不同，馬克思主義認為，國家與社會的利益博弈是圍繞公共權(quán)力而展開的，公共權(quán)力的所有者循著一條從社會—國家—復(fù)歸社會的路徑演進，這是歷史發(fā)展的必然。以馬克思主義關(guān)于國家與社會的利益博弈觀為分析根基，本章主要回應(yīng)這么一個問題：地方政府與社會組織合作關(guān)系的構(gòu)建面臨哪些動力的支持和阻力的牽制？文章認為，社會組織對治理政府失靈的矯正力、源于體制改革的合作關(guān)系的催生力、基于構(gòu)建服務(wù)型政府的合作關(guān)系的回應(yīng)力、面向公共利益這一共同目標(biāo)的合作關(guān)系的契合力是支持和促進合作關(guān)系構(gòu)建的強大驅(qū)動力；地方政府與社會組織二者互信關(guān)系遠未建立起來、“總體性社會”格局難以冰釋、社會組織的公信力危機重重、制度、利益與激勵難題亟待破解等問題是支離和牽制合作關(guān)系構(gòu)建的巨大阻滯力。 第六章，樣態(tài)趨勢：地方政府與社會組織合作關(guān)系實現(xiàn)的路徑勘察 從批判黑格爾法哲學(xué)中有關(guān)市民社會和政治國家的思想以及關(guān)于未來社會形態(tài)的構(gòu)想兩個方面反映出馬克思的社會制約公權(quán)觀。以馬克思的社會制約公權(quán)觀審視和指導(dǎo)構(gòu)建新型國家與社會關(guān)系，在現(xiàn)實層面就是要構(gòu)建地方政府與社會組織的合作關(guān)系。這一合作關(guān)系的構(gòu)建亟需地方政府與社會組織的共同努力。作為地方政府，要為合作關(guān)系的實現(xiàn)做出積極而審慎的行為選擇，包括：轉(zhuǎn)變政府管理思路，變“防范”為“規(guī)范”；揚棄雙重管理體制，創(chuàng)設(shè)備案登記制度；破解社會組織困局，政府亟需管理智慧；加強社會組織監(jiān)管，構(gòu)筑五道防線體系。作為社會組織，要為合作關(guān)系的實現(xiàn)做出誠摯而高效的自身努力，體現(xiàn)為：夯實根基，加強公信力建設(shè)；筑實架構(gòu)，健全自組織體系；充實內(nèi)涵，保持自身獨立性；豐實關(guān)系，拓展國際化交往。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the theory and practice from two aspects of the research on Marx's thoughts about the relationship between the state and society of China state, tried to respond to three questions: what is the Marx doctrine on the ideological state and society in the original state of the Communist Party? China for Marx s thought of national and social contribution to the very fruitful the theory in the new situation? The party situation, the present era, dramatic changes in the world, whether it is active change and adapt to it, or the reality of political ecological changes form the huge forced mechanism worth mentioning, as the relationship between the state and society "realistic model", the relationship between the government and social organizations should be kind to change how the development trend of the times, to achieve the collaborative pattern of good governance?
The state and society, is the two largest carrier generation human tissue structure and order, is an important part of the construction of an important proposition and theory of Marx's theory of concern, is also the modern public governance paradigm of inquiry management philosophy. In Marx's ideological pedigree, thoughts of the relationship between state and society has a very profound theoretical connotation and the important practical value. The most essential points are "countries from society", "social state", "social" public management ", the differentiation of state and society, opposition and unity", "the demise of the state and social return" viewpoint and principle, depicts the outline of the relationship between state and society.
In the spray splashing in Ming accepted Marx's theory of the baptism of the China Communists have been searching the theory of the relationship between state and society. Political leaders have Chinese outstanding communist party in theory on the road to start a forest, inherited and creatively developed the idea of the relationship between Marx's state and society based on collective wisdom on the China of state of heavy Marx's thought of relationship between state and society is formed. This state map including the theoretical form and practice forms two patterns. The theoretical form is Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping theory, thought of "relationship between the theoretical system of the important thought of Three Represents and Scientific Outlook on Development this rich nation and society. The core content of the above ideas, the basic framework and focus on the theory of rheological combing practice forms in the society. The relationship between the government and social organizations to clarify the practice in the construction of Marxism. "Metaphysical" state and society "for the evolution of relationship between the government and the social organization shape". The theory comes from practice and practice is higher than practice, the theory of "the origin of the material." the governance of the country by the government as the carrier of society the development of social organizations to rely on the government and social organizations. The reality of the relationship between state and society become a "realistic model".
The thesis consists of six chapters.
Chapter 1, introduction
This chapter mainly expounds the research background, the research purpose, the theoretical value and practical significance of the research, illustrates the research methods and logical framework structure, and makes relevant literature review and definition, clarifying the concept, and opening the curtain for ontology research.
The second chapter, classic creation: the theory of Marx doctrine on the relationship between state and society
This chapter from the perspective of the theory of history, Marx's theory about the relationship between state and society theory combing and interpretation. It is considered that the critique of Hagel on the relationship between civil society and political state. As a logical starting point, Marx Engels formed a relationship between their national science and social theory, including the theory of civil society, the idea of social thought and the national source of public management in the society and return to the society. After that, Lenin to defend and develop the study of the relationship between state and society the basic thought of Marx, including "national extinction" theory, social workers enjoy the highest power management and improve the living conditions of farmers and workers and a series of new ideas. On this basis, to further explore the Marx classical writers thought about the relationship between the state and society to give our enlightenment.
The third chapter, theoretical continuation: the relay of the Chinese Communists on the relationship between the state and the society
This chapter from the historical literature, reading embrace angle on several generations of outstanding Chinese Communist political leaders series high perspicacity about the relationship between state and society, including the people of Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping's concept of civil rights, democratic rights theory, the important thought of "Three Represents" party, country, social theory and Scientific Outlook on Development since sixteen on the social management issues a series of new thinking and exploration. The people of Mao Zedong the concept of civil rights is mainly reflected in three aspects: power source to belong to, and benefit the people, working methods and the mass line close to the people and concerned about the sufferings of the masses at stake regime's point of view. The three aspects of the democratic theory of public power mainly seen in Deng Xiaoping: for the mass organizations to correctly guide but not arranged thoughts; power to the masses and service ideas; no democracy is not With the socialist modernization thoughts. The important thought of "Three Represents" party, country, social theory as follows: follow the trend of the times to strengthen the party's ruling ability construction thought; new socialist political civilization construction period in the history of thought; people in power and the law of dialectical thought of Scientific Outlook on Development's new exploration of social management. The problem is embodied in: to strengthen social construction to improve people's livelihood; social management must always adhere to the people-oriented; improve the collaborative participation governance pattern of social management.
The fourth chapter, sample presentation: the Sinicization of Marx's theory of state and social relations
The Marx's theory about the relationship between the state and society the theoretical form and explains the logic, this chapter then turned to the Chinese reality state of the research on Marx's thought of the relationship between state and society. The theory of relationship of state and society, research on the relationship between the government and social organizations have obvious practical practice. Therefore, this chapter is based in Guangdong, an empirical study of the development of social organizations in recent years. Then, the research appears between the local government and social organizations in the context of reality has not yet established a relationship of trust to get rid of psychological barriers and good interaction between the conclusion by regression analysis method.
The fifth chapter, sample view: the force field game of the cooperative relationship between local government and social organization
With the traditional country above society and the resulting state with respect to the social development of single linear different point of view, Marx holds that the interests of the game between state and society is based on public power and the public power owner follow a path to return to the society from the evolution of social state, this is the inevitable development of history in the Marx doctrine. The interests of the game on the state and society view as the analysis foundation, this chapter mainly respond to such a question: the construction of local government cooperation and social organization relationship faces contain what dynamic support and resistance? The article thinks that the social organization of government failure correction force, due to the reform of cooperative relations the birth of force, the construction of service-oriented government cooperation response based on the public interests for the common goal of the partnership is to support and force fit To promote a strong driving force for constructing cooperation; mutual trust relationship between the local government and social organization two is far from established, the "total society" pattern is difficult to melt, the social organization's credibility crisis, system, interests and incentive problems must be tackled such problems is a great hindrance in constructing fragmented and containment relationship.
The sixth chapter, pattern trend: the path survey of the cooperation relationship between local government and social organization
From the two aspects of criticism of Hagel's philosophy of law in the civil society and political state ideology and conception on the form of future society reflects Marx's social concept. To restrict public right restriction of Marx's social public view and the construction of the new relationship between the state and society, in reality is to build local government and social organization relationship the joint efforts of the partnership. The building to local government and social organizations. As the local government, to make a positive and prudent choice, for the realization of cooperation include: the transformation of government management ideas, "prevention" is "standard"; sublation of the dual management system, establish the registration system; social crack the organization predicament, the government need to strengthen the management of wisdom; supervision of social organizations, and build five defense system. As a social organization, for the cooperation between the real Now we are making sincere and effective efforts, which are: lay a solid foundation, strengthen the credibility building, build a solid structure, improve self-organization system, enrich connotation, maintain independence, enrich relations and expand international contacts.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D091.6;A811

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