【摘要】：企業(yè)之間的競爭隨著經(jīng)濟的增長越來越激烈,企業(yè)的競爭表現(xiàn)為產(chǎn)品的競爭,如何開發(fā)出具有競爭力的產(chǎn)品且開發(fā)周期最短、成本最低成為企業(yè)重點關(guān)注問題。在開發(fā)過程中,產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能隨著科學技術(shù)的發(fā)展也變得越來越復(fù)雜,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計過程越來越復(fù)雜,不確定因素多,采用科學技術(shù)合理管理規(guī)劃產(chǎn)品設(shè)計過程對于企業(yè)生存至關(guān)重要。為此本文對復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品設(shè)計過程的任務(wù)分解、任務(wù)排序、任務(wù)分配建模及其優(yōu)化技術(shù)進行了研究。針對任務(wù)分解,提出了一種基于粗糙集識別耦合任務(wù)集的方法,通過復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)樹進行任務(wù)最小化分解,采用粗糙集處理任務(wù)關(guān)聯(lián)評價數(shù)據(jù)的不確定性,識別聚類耦合任務(wù),實現(xiàn)任務(wù)分解。針對復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品設(shè)計過程開發(fā)時間長、成本難以計算,提出基于任務(wù)重疊的復(fù)雜產(chǎn)品開發(fā)過程仿真方法。采用信息輸入矩陣和信息輸出矩陣來量化任務(wù)的順序重疊和反饋重疊;對設(shè)計過程的迭代特性采用任務(wù)返工概率矩陣、返工影響矩陣、學習效應(yīng)曲線及質(zhì)量改進矩陣描述;在任務(wù)重疊和迭代情況下,提出時間、成本、質(zhì)量的計算方法,并改進了產(chǎn)品開發(fā)過程仿真算法。最后,通過一個實例證明了該模型的有效性和實用性。針對任務(wù)排序優(yōu)化,提出了基于遺傳算法和仿真相結(jié)合的任務(wù)排序優(yōu)化方法。首先,采用任務(wù)完成時間最短、任務(wù)完成質(zhì)量最高作為任務(wù)優(yōu)化的目標函數(shù),建立控制成本的約束規(guī)則;然后通過遺傳算法調(diào)用仿真程序,仿真獲得目標值的方式,對任務(wù)排序優(yōu)化進行求解。針對任務(wù)的分配,提出質(zhì)量—成本—時間的多目標任務(wù)分配模型。首先采用仿真獲得在重疊和迭代反饋情況下,單個任務(wù)的執(zhí)行時間、成本和質(zhì)量;然后采用人員效率矩陣、人員成本矩陣、人員執(zhí)行質(zhì)量矩陣描述設(shè)計人員設(shè)計能力及成本;針對設(shè)計任務(wù)屬性,采用設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)矩陣、任務(wù)工作量矩陣、任務(wù)質(zhì)量權(quán)重矩陣來描述;提出質(zhì)量—成本—時間多目標的任務(wù)分配模型和并行任務(wù)分配執(zhí)行策略;最后采用基于蟻群算法的任務(wù)分配算法,并用實例驗證算法的有效性。
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[Abstract]:With the growth of economy, the competition among enterprises is becoming more and more intense, and the competition of enterprises is the competition of products. How to develop competitive products with the shortest development cycle and the lowest cost has become the focus of attention of enterprises. In the process of development, the structure and function of the product become more and more complex with the development of science and technology, which leads to the more and more complex product design process and many uncertain factors. It is very important for the survival of the enterprise to use science and technology to manage the product design process reasonably. In this paper, the task decomposition, task scheduling, task assignment modeling and optimization technology of complex product design process are studied. Aiming at task decomposition, a method of recognizing coupling task set based on rough set is proposed. The task is minimized and decomposed by complex product structure tree. Rough set is used to deal with the uncertainty of task association evaluation data, cluster coupling task is identified, and task decomposition is realized. Aiming at the long development time and difficult to calculate the cost of complex product design process, a simulation method of complex product development process based on task overlap is proposed. The information input matrix and information output matrix are used to quantify the sequence overlap and feedback overlap of tasks; the iterative characteristics of the design process are described by task rework probability matrix, rework influence matrix, learning effect curve and quality improvement matrix. Under the condition of task overlap and iteration, the calculation methods of time, cost and quality are proposed, and the simulation algorithm of product development process is improved. Finally, an example is given to prove the effectiveness and practicability of the model. For task scheduling optimization, a task scheduling optimization method based on genetic algorithm and simulation is proposed. Firstly, the shortest task completion time and the highest task completion quality are used as the objective function of task optimization, and the constraint rules to control the cost are established, and then the task scheduling optimization is solved by calling the simulation program through genetic algorithm to obtain the target value. Aiming at the assignment of tasks, a multi-objective task allocation model of quality, cost and time is proposed. Firstly, the execution time, cost and quality of a single task are obtained by simulation under the condition of overlap and iterative feedback, then the design ability and cost of the designer are described by using the personnel efficiency matrix, the personnel cost matrix and the personnel execution quality matrix, and the design structure matrix, the task workload matrix and the task quality weight matrix are used to describe the design task attributes. A quality-cost-time multi-objective task allocation model and parallel task allocation execution strategy are proposed. Finally, the task allocation algorithm based on ant colony algorithm is adopted, and an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB472;TP18

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