【摘要】：在深部巖石的破碎中,深孔爆破具有高效安全的特點(diǎn),為改善爆破效果,使巖體的完整性降低,采用空孔控制裂紋的擴(kuò)展,同時(shí)利用空孔補(bǔ)償巖石的位移。根據(jù)爆破理論,確定壓碎區(qū)、裂隙區(qū)、彈性區(qū)的范圍,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究空孔位于不同作用區(qū)時(shí)巖石的斷裂方向,分析空孔與裝藥孔間的距離對(duì)裂紋擴(kuò)展的影響,并測(cè)量不同孔間距時(shí)空孔周圍的應(yīng)變。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,空孔位于爆破裂隙區(qū)時(shí),可以有效控制裂紋的擴(kuò)展方向,空孔有定向致裂的作用,此時(shí)空孔周圍的應(yīng)變最大。在淮北礦業(yè)集團(tuán)煤礦頂板弱化中,合理布置爆破參數(shù),使難冒頂板變?yōu)橐酌绊敯?爆破后巖體聲速降低40%~50%,爆破區(qū)域裂紋擴(kuò)展,工作面推進(jìn)阻力降低,達(dá)到爆破設(shè)計(jì)要求,提高了生產(chǎn)效率。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the blasting effect and reduce the integrity of rock mass, hollow hole is used to control the crack propagation and compensate the displacement of rock. According to the blasting theory, the range of crushing zone, fracture zone and elastic zone is determined. The fracture direction of rock is studied by experiment when the empty hole is located in different action zone, and the influence of the distance between empty hole and charge hole on crack propagation is analyzed. The strain around the space-time hole with different pore spacing was measured. The experimental results show that the direction of crack propagation can be controlled effectively when the hole is located in the blasting crack area, and the hole has the function of directional cracking, and the strain around the hole is the largest at this time. In the process of coal mine roof weakening in Huaibei Mining Group, reasonable arrangement of blasting parameters can make difficult-to-run roof become prone roof. After blasting, the sound velocity of rock mass decreases by 40% ~ 50%, crack propagation in blasting area and push resistance of working face decrease. Meet the requirements of blasting design, improve the production efficiency.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院武漢巖土力學(xué)研究所巖土力學(xué)與工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;安徽理工大學(xué)化學(xué)工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上資助項(xiàng)目(41572307);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)資助項(xiàng)目(51439008);國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41302239)
【分類號(hào)】：TD235

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