【摘要】：多功能干燥機主要用于干燥膏狀和餅狀物料,能同時完成物料的干燥、粉碎和分級,即只須一次連續(xù)操作,就可將待干燥物料干燥成粉末。本文從工程應(yīng)用角度,建立破碎盤轉(zhuǎn)子的三維模型和力學(xué)模型,通過有限元軟件分析了破碎盤在熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合下的強度和動力學(xué)特性,這對干燥設(shè)備的制造和應(yīng)用有著重要的理論意義和實用價值。本文從動力學(xué)和靜力學(xué)兩個方面對結(jié)構(gòu)進行了分析,最后對結(jié)構(gòu)進行了優(yōu)化。在動力學(xué)方面,采用有限元方法建立了轉(zhuǎn)子的簡化模型,計算了轉(zhuǎn)子的前2階靜態(tài)固有頻率和振型。利用ANSYS軟件求出轉(zhuǎn)子前10階固有頻率和計及陀螺效應(yīng)的一階臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,結(jié)果表明工作轉(zhuǎn)速遠離一階臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,屬于剛性轉(zhuǎn)子�？紤]軸承承受動載荷時的剛度,重新求解轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,結(jié)果表明該轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)可采用軸承靜剛度進行計算。利用諧響應(yīng)分析求出轉(zhuǎn)子的幅頻響應(yīng),驗證了轉(zhuǎn)子的固有頻率。通過不同加速時間下轉(zhuǎn)子的幅值響應(yīng),表明電機啟動時間選取23s是適宜的。通過對葉片和物料的碰撞模擬并對結(jié)果進行傅里葉變換,表明碰撞力由3種頻率組成；計算轉(zhuǎn)子受到該頻譜激勵時的響應(yīng),結(jié)果表明結(jié)構(gòu)是安全的。在靜力學(xué)方面,計算了轉(zhuǎn)盤的溫度場分布,得出轉(zhuǎn)子在熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合作用下的應(yīng)力分布,結(jié)果表明應(yīng)力遠低于許用應(yīng)力,轉(zhuǎn)盤發(fā)生內(nèi)凹變形,最大變形量為1.1mm。對轉(zhuǎn)盤的尺寸優(yōu)化后,重新計算轉(zhuǎn)子的溫度和熱應(yīng)力分布,優(yōu)化后轉(zhuǎn)盤質(zhì)量降低,臨界轉(zhuǎn)速升高,應(yīng)力分布較為均勻。
[Abstract]:The multifunctional dryer is mainly used for drying paste and cake materials, which can be dried, crushed and classified simultaneously, that is, only one continuous operation is required to dry the materials to be dried into powder. In this paper, from the view of engineering application, the three-dimensional model and mechanical model of the broken disk rotor are established, and the strength and dynamic characteristics of the broken disk under the thermal-structural coupling are analyzed by the finite element software. It has important theoretical significance and practical value for the manufacture and application of drying equipment. In this paper, the structure is analyzed from two aspects of dynamics and statics, and the structure is optimized. In the aspect of dynamics, the simplified model of rotor is established by finite element method, and the first two order static natural frequencies and modes of rotor are calculated. The first 10 natural frequencies of the rotor and the first order critical speed taking into account the gyroscope effect are obtained by using ANSYS software. The results show that the working speed is far from the first order critical speed and belongs to the rigid rotor. Considering the stiffness of the bearing under the dynamic load, the critical speed of the rotor is solved again. The results show that the rotor structure can be calculated by the static stiffness of the bearing. The amplitude-frequency response of the rotor is obtained by harmonic response analysis, and the natural frequency of the rotor is verified. According to the amplitude response of the rotor at different acceleration time, it is suitable to select the starting time of the motor for 23s. By simulating the collision between the blade and the material and applying Fourier transform to the result, it is shown that the collision force is composed of three frequencies, and the response of the rotor excited by the frequency spectrum is calculated. The results show that the structure is safe. In the aspect of statics, the temperature field distribution of the rotary disc is calculated, and the stress distribution of the rotor under the thermal-structural coupling action is obtained. The results show that the stress is far lower than the allowable stress, and the inner concave deformation of the rotary disc occurs, and the maximum deformation is 1.1 mm. The temperature and thermal stress distribution of the rotor are recalculated after the size of the rotary disc is optimized. After the optimization, the mass of the rotor plate is reduced, the critical speed is increased, and the stress distribution is more uniform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TB4

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本文編號：2398138