合成孔徑聲吶發(fā)射機(jī)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-31 09:42
【摘要】：伴隨著日益頻繁的水下探測活動,人們對于水下成像性能的要求逐漸提高。而合成孔徑聲吶技術(shù)作為一種新型的高分辨率的水聲成像技術(shù),得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。由于水聲信道條件十分復(fù)雜,受溫度、深度、季節(jié)、水域、梯度等各種因素的影響,是一個窄帶、多徑效應(yīng)嚴(yán)重的信道。聲波則是目前唯一能夠在水聲信道長距離傳播的能量形式,因此設(shè)計一個高性能的合成孔徑聲吶發(fā)射機(jī)成為研究重點。本文根據(jù)聲吶發(fā)射機(jī)的特點,結(jié)合相關(guān)理論與經(jīng)驗,討論了聲吶發(fā)射機(jī)設(shè)計過程中的關(guān)鍵問題。文中重點分析了功率放大器的設(shè)計方案,為滿足低功耗、高效率、低失真等要求,選擇了全橋D類功放電路,并采用IRF2010S專用MOS橋芯片實現(xiàn)了穩(wěn)定、可靠的驅(qū)動電路。同時也分析了變壓器設(shè)計原則,防浪涌電路設(shè)計的注意事項,以及對發(fā)射機(jī)的散熱模塊、保護(hù)電路模塊的設(shè)計。由于聲吶系統(tǒng)發(fā)射的是一個60-100kHz的線性調(diào)頻脈沖,為保證信號完整且高效的發(fā)送到水介質(zhì)中,需要一個足夠大的發(fā)射帶寬,因此要求對換能器進(jìn)行寬帶匹配。一個匹配良好的電路,能夠有效減少不必要的能量損耗,提高負(fù)載功率,同時擴(kuò)展工作帶寬。由于換能器的阻抗特性十分復(fù)雜,會隨著頻率的變化而改變,對換能器做阻抗匹配需要龐大的計算量。因此本文借助計算機(jī)軟件,引入實頻匹配技術(shù)對換能器做寬帶匹配,這種方法只需要提供換能器導(dǎo)納的S參數(shù)文件以及設(shè)置相關(guān)的設(shè)計參數(shù),省去了幾乎所有的公式推導(dǎo)以及計算。而且最終生成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個實際可用電路,仿真結(jié)果與實際偏差小,具有較大的工程實用價值。為了驗證合成孔徑發(fā)射機(jī)的性能,對其發(fā)射功率、浪涌電流、功耗指標(biāo)、散熱性能等進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)測試,達(dá)到了基本要求。最后總結(jié)全文的工作成果,并指出仿真與設(shè)計中的不足之處,規(guī)劃下一步改進(jìn)方案。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly frequent underwater exploration activities, the requirements of underwater imaging performance are gradually raised. As a new type of high-resolution underwater sonar technology, synthetic aperture sonar (SAR) has been widely used. Because the condition of underwater acoustic channel is very complex and affected by temperature, depth, season, water area, gradient and so on, it is a narrow band channel with serious multipath effect. At present, acoustic wave is the only energy form which can propagate over long distance in underwater acoustic channel. Therefore, the design of a high-performance synthetic aperture sonar transmitter has become the focus of research. According to the characteristics of sonar transmitter, the key problems in the design of sonar transmitter are discussed in this paper. In order to meet the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency and low distortion, the full-bridge D type power amplifier circuit is selected, and the stable and reliable driving circuit is realized by using IRF2010S special MOS bridge chip. At the same time, the principle of transformer design, the precautions of anti-surge circuit design, and the design of transmitter heat dissipation module and protection circuit module are also analyzed. Because the sonar system emits a linear frequency modulation pulse of 60-100kHz, in order to ensure the signal to be transmitted to the water medium completely and efficiently, a large enough transmission bandwidth is needed, so the transducer is required to match the bandwidth. A well matched circuit can effectively reduce unnecessary energy loss, increase load power, and expand working bandwidth. Because the impedance characteristic of the transducer is very complex and will change with the change of the frequency, the impedance matching of the transducer needs a huge amount of calculation. So this paper introduces the real frequency matching technology to the transducer with the help of computer software. This method only needs to provide the S-parameter file of the transducer admittance and set the related design parameters. Almost all formula derivation and calculation are omitted. Finally, the network is a practical circuit, and the simulation result is small deviation from the actual one, so it is of great practical value in engineering. In order to verify the performance of the synthetic aperture transmitter, the transmission power, surge current, power consumption index and heat dissipation performance of the transmitter are tested, which meet the basic requirements. Finally, the paper summarizes the results of the work, points out the shortcomings of simulation and design, and plans the next improvement plan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB56
[Abstract]:With the increasingly frequent underwater exploration activities, the requirements of underwater imaging performance are gradually raised. As a new type of high-resolution underwater sonar technology, synthetic aperture sonar (SAR) has been widely used. Because the condition of underwater acoustic channel is very complex and affected by temperature, depth, season, water area, gradient and so on, it is a narrow band channel with serious multipath effect. At present, acoustic wave is the only energy form which can propagate over long distance in underwater acoustic channel. Therefore, the design of a high-performance synthetic aperture sonar transmitter has become the focus of research. According to the characteristics of sonar transmitter, the key problems in the design of sonar transmitter are discussed in this paper. In order to meet the requirements of low power consumption, high efficiency and low distortion, the full-bridge D type power amplifier circuit is selected, and the stable and reliable driving circuit is realized by using IRF2010S special MOS bridge chip. At the same time, the principle of transformer design, the precautions of anti-surge circuit design, and the design of transmitter heat dissipation module and protection circuit module are also analyzed. Because the sonar system emits a linear frequency modulation pulse of 60-100kHz, in order to ensure the signal to be transmitted to the water medium completely and efficiently, a large enough transmission bandwidth is needed, so the transducer is required to match the bandwidth. A well matched circuit can effectively reduce unnecessary energy loss, increase load power, and expand working bandwidth. Because the impedance characteristic of the transducer is very complex and will change with the change of the frequency, the impedance matching of the transducer needs a huge amount of calculation. So this paper introduces the real frequency matching technology to the transducer with the help of computer software. This method only needs to provide the S-parameter file of the transducer admittance and set the related design parameters. Almost all formula derivation and calculation are omitted. Finally, the network is a practical circuit, and the simulation result is small deviation from the actual one, so it is of great practical value in engineering. In order to verify the performance of the synthetic aperture transmitter, the transmission power, surge current, power consumption index and heat dissipation performance of the transmitter are tested, which meet the basic requirements. Finally, the paper summarizes the results of the work, points out the shortcomings of simulation and design, and plans the next improvement plan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB56
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4 劉序e，
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