【摘要】：隨著石化企業(yè)規(guī)模及設(shè)備的大型化,設(shè)備的密封性能要求也越來(lái)越高。雙錐密封結(jié)構(gòu)由于其良好的綜合密封性能在各種類型的高壓容器密封結(jié)構(gòu)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。根據(jù)密封的作用力不同,高壓密封常用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式可以分為強(qiáng)制密封、半自緊密封和自緊密封。雙錐密封是一種半自緊式密封結(jié)構(gòu),它具有結(jié)構(gòu)形式簡(jiǎn)單、易于加工的優(yōu)點(diǎn),并且裝拆十分方便,對(duì)壓力與溫度波動(dòng)具有自適應(yīng)性。但是它的密封原理比較復(fù)雜,其性能受到很多因素的影響。本文在探討雙錐環(huán)密封的密封原理基礎(chǔ)上,分別對(duì)預(yù)緊工況、操作工況下的受力及操作密封比壓進(jìn)行了分析。并對(duì)雙錐密封性能影響因素如介質(zhì)壓力、徑向間隙、雙錐環(huán)尺寸、雙錐環(huán)密封面寬度、雙錐環(huán)密封面接觸情況以及主預(yù)緊力等進(jìn)行了分析,。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)一臺(tái)合成氨塔的密封系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。在分析比較了目前常見(jiàn)的法蘭連接密封設(shè)計(jì)方法后,選擇了GB150中規(guī)定的法蘭設(shè)計(jì)方法。而后對(duì)雙錐環(huán)密封參數(shù)、環(huán)法蘭連接螺栓參數(shù)及連接方式進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),得到了墊片、雙錐環(huán)、螺栓等的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸。雙錐環(huán)密封系統(tǒng)所處的環(huán)境不可能是一成不變的,在使用中環(huán)境壓力和環(huán)境溫度會(huì)不斷的發(fā)生不同幅度的波動(dòng)。因此,本文對(duì)整個(gè)密封系統(tǒng)對(duì)環(huán)境波動(dòng)的適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行了分析,得出了雙錐環(huán)密封具有良好的適應(yīng)性。此外,文章又對(duì)雙錐環(huán)密封系統(tǒng)法蘭安裝進(jìn)行了介紹,從螺栓聯(lián)接方法、螺栓預(yù)緊次序及螺栓載荷監(jiān)控和測(cè)量三方面探討了雙錐環(huán)密封系統(tǒng)法蘭安裝中應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:With the scale of petrochemical enterprises and the large-scale equipment, the sealing performance of the equipment is more and more high. Double cone seal structure has been widely used in various types of high pressure vessel sealing structure due to its good comprehensive sealing performance. According to the different sealing force, the structure of high pressure seal can be divided into forced seal, semi-self-tight seal and self-tight seal. Double cone seal is a kind of semi-self-tight seal structure, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, convenient installation and disassembly, and self-adaptability to pressure and temperature fluctuation. But its sealing principle is complicated and its performance is affected by many factors. On the basis of discussing the sealing principle of double cone ring seal, this paper analyzes the preloading condition, the operating condition and the specific pressure of the operation seal respectively. The influence factors such as medium pressure, radial clearance, size of double cone ring, width of double cone ring seal face, contact condition of double cone ring seal surface and main pretightening force are analyzed. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the sealing system of a synthetic ammonia tower is designed in this paper. After analyzing and comparing the common design methods of flange joint seal, the flange design method stipulated in GB150 is selected. Then the parameters of double cone ring seal, ring flange connection bolt parameters and connection mode are designed, and the structure dimensions of gasket, double cone ring and bolt are obtained. The environment of the double cone ring seal system can not be fixed, and the environmental pressure and temperature will fluctuate continuously in use. Therefore, the adaptability of the whole seal system to the environmental fluctuation is analyzed in this paper, and it is concluded that the double cone ring seal has good adaptability. In addition, the installation of flange in double cone ring sealing system is introduced, and the problems needing attention in the installation of flange of double cone ring seal system are discussed from three aspects: bolt connection method, bolt pretightening order and bolt load monitoring and measurement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TQ113.252;TB42

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