【摘要】：青海省玉樹藏族自治州位于青藏高原中部,巴顏喀拉地塊與羌塘地塊交界的金沙江縫合帶附近。地質(zhì)環(huán)境極其復雜,崩塌災(zāi)害頻繁發(fā)生,對當?shù)氐木用窦皣业纳敭a(chǎn)安全造成巨大的威脅。因此研究該區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的發(fā)育分布規(guī)律以及變形破壞模式和過程,對該地區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的防治具有指導意義。首先,本論文通過對玉樹地區(qū)資料的收集、野外現(xiàn)場調(diào)查和室內(nèi)分析研究,結(jié)合研究區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境背景,分析了研究區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的類型,研究了研究區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的形成條件以及影響因素,總結(jié)了研究區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的發(fā)育分布規(guī)律。認為地形地貌、巖土體類型等內(nèi)在因素對崩塌災(zāi)害的發(fā)育起著控制作用,降水、人類工程活動等外在因素對崩塌災(zāi)害的發(fā)育起著誘發(fā)和加劇作用;認為研究區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害的發(fā)育具有時間性和空間性。其次,在分析研究區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害特征的基礎(chǔ)上,運用理論分析和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方式,對研究區(qū)四種典型崩塌災(zāi)害的變形破壞模式和過程進行了詳細的研究。認為傾倒式崩塌受卸荷等作用產(chǎn)生垂直裂隙,但坡腳有支撐力作用;滑移式崩塌為裂隙連通層理面,貫穿坡體,滑移面角度略小于坡角,受重力及坡面摩擦力作用;拉裂式崩塌受拉張作用,形成拉張裂縫,且下部無支撐力作用;錯斷式崩塌為坡體形成豎向裂隙,坡體受重力作用和垂向摩擦力作用。運動過程上,傾倒式崩塌表現(xiàn)為傾倒;滑移式表現(xiàn)為滑移-墜落;拉裂式崩塌表現(xiàn)為拉裂-墜落-傾倒;錯斷式崩塌表現(xiàn)為錯斷-滑移。最后,針對研究區(qū)四種變形破壞模式的崩塌災(zāi)害,提出防治措施,進而指導該區(qū)崩塌災(zāi)害預防和治理。
[Abstract]:Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province is located in the middle of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, near the Jinsha River suture zone at the junction of the Bayankala and Qiangtang blocks. The geological environment is extremely complex and collapse disasters occur frequently, which pose a great threat to the safety of local residents and national life and property. Therefore, it is of guiding significance to study the development and distribution law, deformation and failure mode and process of collapse disaster in this area. First of all, through the data collection, field investigation and indoor analysis of Yushu area, combined with the geological environment background of the study area, this paper analyzes the types of collapse disaster in the study area. The formation conditions and influencing factors of the collapse disaster in the study area were studied, and the development and distribution law of the collapse disaster in the study area was summarized. It is considered that the internal factors, such as topography and geomorphology, rock and soil types, play a controlling role in the development of the collapse disaster, and the external factors such as precipitation and human engineering activities play an important role in inducing and exacerbating the development of the collapse disaster. It is considered that the development of collapse disaster in the study area is temporal and spatial. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of collapse disaster in the study area, the deformation and failure modes and processes of four typical collapse disasters in the study area are studied in detail by the combination of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. It is considered that the toppling collapse has vertical fracture, but the foot of the slope has the supporting force, the slip collapse is the connected bedding surface of the fissure, and the slip plane angle is slightly smaller than the slope angle, which is affected by gravity and the friction force on the slope. The tensile fracture is formed by tension, and there is no supporting force in the lower part, and the staggered collapse is the vertical crack formed by the slope body, and the slope body is subjected to gravity and vertical friction. In the process of movement, the toppling type is toppling; the slip type is slipping-falling; the pull type collapse is tension-falling -toppling; and the staggered collapse is missed-slip. Finally, aiming at the collapse disaster of four kinds of deformation and failure modes in the study area, the prevention and control measures are put forward to guide the prevention and control of the collapse disaster in this area.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P642.21

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本文編號：2343073